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PhotDgraphic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filnriing.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


0 


□    Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommag6e 

[T~l    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
I  Y I    Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pelliculde 

□    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


n 
n 


D 


n 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  gdographiques  en  coufeur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  Intirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  M  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppi^mentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


r~n    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pellicul6es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  ddcolordes,  tachet6es  ou  piqudes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthrough^ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualitd  in^gaie  de  I'imprassion 

Includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentaire 


j — I  Pages  damaged/ 

I — I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

I — I  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I      I  Pages  detached/ 

I      I  Showthrough/ 

J      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I — I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 


■ 


D 

D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  filmdes  A  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  Is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


12X 


16X 


aox 


H 


24X 


26X 


30X 


28X 


32X 


'*mm 


ails 

du 

differ 

une 

lage 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

The  images  sppearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  /vhen  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  or,  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  filmds  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  fiim^s  en  commen^ant  par  la 
pramidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  ^^-  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END  "), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmfo  d  des  taux  de  rMuction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  filmA  d  partir 
de  I'a/igle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  ii  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


rrata 


pelure. 


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32X 


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2 

3 

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2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

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MlTCHELL^S 


GEOGRAPHICAL  UUESTION  BOOK; 


COKPBISIIIO 


GEOGRAPHICAL  DEFINITIONS, 


AMD   CONTAlNIMtt 


QUESTIONS  ON  ALL  THE  MAPS  OF 

TO  WBICII    IS    ADDED 

AN  APPENDIX, 

BUBRAOINO 

VALUABLE   TABLES    IN    MATHEMATICAL  AND 
PHYSICAL  GEOGRAPHY. 


il'HILADELPHIA: 
AS,   COWPEETHWAIT  &  CO. 


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Entered,  according  to  the  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1852,  by 

S.    AUGUSTUS   MITCHELL, 

in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States,  for 
the  Eastern  Dratrict  of  Pennsylvania. 

gmionraD  iit  j-  tuiut. 


^131 


lo 


S  ID  the  jenr  1852,  by 

II  ELL, 

f  the  Unitnd  States,  for 

isyWania. 


n., 


PEEFACB 


Mitchell's  Geographical  Question  Book  has 
been  prepared,  at  the  solicitation  of  many  teachers,  for 
a  class  of  pupils  who  do  not  desire,  or  have  not  the  time 
to  go  through,  a  work  of  descriptive  geography.  It 
contains  geographical  dcHnitions,  and  questions  on  all 
the  maps  of  Mitchell's  School  Atlas,  interspersed  vith 
such  notes  and  suggestions  as  seemed  appropriate  to  the 
work. 

The  Appendix  contains  a  table  showing  the  length  of 
a  degree  of  longitude  on  any  parallel  of  latitude,  and 
seveial  tables  of  important  facts  in  Physical  Geography. 

The  attention  of  1  •.  ^ers  into  whose  hands  the  work 
may  fall,  is  specially  iavited  to  the  questions  on  the 
learner's  own  State,  page  30 ;  to  those  on  pages  63  and 
64 ;  and  to  the  general  questions  throughout  the  book. 
-The  design  of  these- questions  is  to  make  a  practical 
application  ^f  the  study  of  Geography  to  the  present 
condition  of  the  different  countries  of  the  world. 

(iii) 


|_  rUEFACE. 

In  a  work  like  a  Gcograpliy,  comprising  such  a  mul- 
Mplicity  of  factfl,  gathcrcl  from  numerous  and  often 
conflicting  authorities,  it  would  be  presumptuous  to  say 
that  no  error  exists.  Those  most  competent  to  detect 
and  remedy  such  errors,  however,  will  most  readily 
excuse  them.  It  is  respectfully  suggested  to  any  who 
may  find  a  discrepancy  between  some  authority  relied 
on  by  themselves,  and  Mitchell's  Atlas  or  Question 
Book,  that  the  error  may  bo  in  the  authority  to  which 

they  have  trusted. 

The  Question  Book,  though  it  may  bo  used  with  any 

correct  Atlas,  is  designed  to  accompany,  and  particularly 

adapted  to,  Mitchell's  School  Atlas. 


(1 


prising  such  a  mul- 
iincroua  and  often 
Bsumptuoua  to  eay 
(inpetcnt  to  detect 

will  most  readily 
ggcsted  to  any  who 
mo  authority  relied 
Atlas  or  Question 

authority  to  which 

ly  he  used  with  any 
iny,  and  particularly 
TLAB. 


GEOGRAPHICAL  DEFINITIONS. 


1.  What  is  Geography? 

A.  A  degcription  of  tbo  Burfaca  of  the  earth. 

2.  What  is  the  Earth? 

A.  A  largo  globe,  ball,  or  sphere. 

8.  What  is  the  surface  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  The  outside  part. 

4.  Of  what  does  the  surface  of  the  earth  consiat? 
A.  Land  and  water. 

5.  How  much  of  it  is  laad  ? 
A.  About  one-fourth. 

0.  How  much  is  water? 
A.  About  three-fourths. 

LAND  DIVISIONS, 

7.  What  are  the  principal  natural  divisions  of  the  land 
surface  of  the  earth? 

MoJntrins""*'""''    ^'''""'''    ^*°'°''"'''"'    ^^^^^^'to.    Capes,    and 

8.  What  is  a  Continent? 

A.  A  great  body  of  land,  contalninj;  many  countries. 

9.  How  many  oontinente  are  there  ? 
A.  Two,  the  Eastern  and  Western. 

Continents  differ  from  Island,  only  in  their  much  greater  extent, 
both  being  entirely  surrounded  by  water.  Australia,  the  largest 
island  in  the  world,  is  by  some  geographers  considered  a  continent. 

1  ^ 

(5) 


I 


I 


ti„_ 


6  flEOdUAI'IlICAI.   DKFINITIO.NS. 

10.  What  JH  a  Peninsula? 
A.  A  tract  of  liiml  nearly  Hurroiimlcd  by  water. 
11    What  in  an  Isthuitis? 
A.  A  narrow  neck  of  liind  which  join*  two  parti  of  a  continent,  or 
•  peninsula  to  u  continent. 

12.  What  is  a  capo? 

A.  A  point  of  land  extending  into  tho  bca. 
A  high  cnpe  is  Homotimcs  called  a  Promontory.     The  terms  Point, 
Head,  Naze,  Nct<8,  and  Mull,  also  indicate  a  ciipo. 

13.  What  iH  a  Coast,  or  Shore  ? 

A.  The  margin  of  land  bordering  on  tho  water. 

14.  What  iH  a  Mountain? 

A.  A  tract  of  land  which  rises  considerably  above  the  general 
surface. 

A  number  of  mountains  connected  together  constitute  a  Range,  or 
("hain  of  mountains.  A  tract  of  land  higher  than  the  general  level, 
but  of  less  elevation  than  %  mountain,  is  termed  a  Hill. 

15.  What  ia  a  Volcano? 

A.  A  mountain  which  casis  out  fire,  smoke,  and  molted  lava,  from 
ita  interior. 

16.  What  is  a  Valley? 

A.  A  troct  of  land  situated  between  mountains  or  hills. 

17.  What  is  a  Plain? 

A.  A  portion  of  country  nearly  flat,  or  level. 
In  tho  United  States,  plains  aro  called  Prairies ;  in  South  America, 
Pampas,  or  Llanos ;  in  Europe  and  Asia,  Steppes. 

18.  What  is  a  Desert? 

A.  A  barren  ploin,  usually  covered  with  eand,  and  destitute  of 
vegetation  and  water. 

19.  What  is  an  Oasis? 

A.  A  fertile  spot  in  the  midst  of  a  desert,      > 


i 


m. 


rioNs. 


(lEOORAl'HICAL   DEIINITIONS. 


water. 


0  parts  of  a  continent)  or 


en. 


ntory.     The  tcmis  Point, 
ciipo. 


EXEIICISES   ON    THK    MATS. 

MAI'  or  Tim  woBi,i>,  NO.  r. 

I'oiiit  out  Kurope,  Aiin,  Africa ;  tlinso  constitute  tlio  Kmtcm  Con- 
tinent. Point  out  North  Anioricn,  South  Amcricn ;  tlieMO  conslitutn 
the  Western  Continent.  Point  out  tiie  islivnd  of  Australiu,  Cubii. 
I'oint  out  the  Peninsula  of  Africa,  South  America.  Point  out  tlie 
Isthmus  of  Darion,  the  Isthmug  of  Suez,  Cope  of  Good  Ilupe,  Cope 
i'arcwcll,  the  Desert  of  Cobl,  Great  Desert. 


0  water. 

irubly  above  the  general 

er  constitute  a  Range,  or 
er  than  the  general  level, 
termed  a  Hill. 

ke,  and  melted  lava,  from 

luntnlns  or  hills. 

evel. 

alritis ;  in  South  America, 

:eppe3. 

h  Band,  and  destitute  of 


DIVISIONS  OP  WATER. 

20.  What  arc  the  princiiial  natun^  Jivisions  of  water/ 

A.  Oceans,  Seas,  Archipelogoes,  Bays,  Gulfs,  Straits,  Phanncls, 
Sounds,  Lakes,  and  Rivers. 

21.  What  is  au  Ocean? 

A.  A  vast  extent  of  suit  water. 

22.  What  is  a  Sea? 

A.  A  body  of  water  smoller  than  an  ocean,  and  nearly  surrounded 
by  land. 

2ii.  What  is  nn  Archipelago? 

A.  A  sea  interspersed  with  many  islands. 

24.  What  is  a  Gulf,  or  Bay? 

A.  A  body  of  water  extending  into  the  land. 

25.  What  is  a  Strait? 

A.  A  norrow  passage  connecting  different  bodies  of  water. 

26.  What  is  a  Channel? 

A.  A  passage  of  water,  generally  wider  than  a  strait. 

27.  What  is  a  Sound? 

A.  A  passago  of  water  so  shallow  that  its  depth  may  be  measured. 

28.  What  is  a  Harbor? 

A.  A  bay,  or  inlet  of  the  sea. 

Harbors  are  often  called  Ports,  or  Havens. 


f 


8 


OEOaBAl'HICAL  DEFINITIONS. 


29.  Wlmt  13  a  Lake? 

A.  A  body  of  water  surrounded  by  land. 

Small  lakes  are  called  Ponds ;  salt  lakes  are  usually  termed  Seas. 

30.  What  is  a  River? 

A.  A  large  stream  of  water  flowing  in  a  channel  on  land  toward 
the  ocean,  a  lake,  or  another  river. 

Small  streams  are  called  Creeks  and  Brooks.  The  source  of  a  river 
is  the  place  where  it  rises;  the  mouth,  the  place  where  it  discharges 
its  waters.  The  right  bank  of  a  river,  is  the  bank  on  your  right  hand 
as  you  descend  the  stream ;  the  left  bank,  that  on  your  left  hand. 

EXERCISES   ON   THE   MAPS. 

MAP  OF  THB  WORLD,  NO.  I. 

Point  out  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  Mediterranean  Sen,  Gulf  of  Mexico, 
Bay  of  Bengal,  Behring'a  Straits,  Cliannel  of  Mozambique,  Lake 
Superior,  Amazon  River. 

MAPS. 

.31.  What  is  a  Map? 

A.  A  representation  of  a  part  or  the  whole  of  the  eartli's  surface. 

32.  In  what  way  are  they  drawn  ? 

A.  The  top  of  the  map  is  North ;  the  bottom,  South ;  the  right 
hand.  East ;  the  left  hand,  West. 

The  four  points,  North,  South,  East,  and  West,  are  called  the  Car- 
dinal, or  principal,  points  of  the  compass. 

A  Compass  is  an  instrument  used  by  surveyors  and  navigators,  tlic 
needle  of  which  always  points  to  the  north. 

33.  If  you  were  to  stand  facing  the  north,  and  e.xtend  your 
right  arm,  in  what  direction  would  it  point? 

3-4.  What  if  you  were  to  face  the  west?  The  south?  The 
oa.st? 


• 


IONS. 


e  usually  termed  Seas. 
;hannol  on  land  toward 

g.  The  source  of  a  rirer 
lace  where  it  discharges 
bank  on  your  right  hand 
it  on  your  left  hand. 


MAPS. 
I. 

in  Sen,  Gulf  of  Mexico, 
of  Mozambique,  Lake 


le  of  the  earth's  surface, 
ottom,  South:  the  right 
Vest,  are  called  the  Car- 
iyors  and  navigators,  the 
lorth,  and  extend  your 

Qt? 

t?    The  south?    The     j 


OEOORAPinCAL  DEFINITIONS.  9 

EXERCISES   ON   THE   MAPS. 

MAP  NO.  IV.,  NOKTH  AMERIC.\. 

85.  In  what  direction  from  tho  United  States  is  British 
America?  Russian  America?  Greenland?  The  Bermuda 
i     Islands?    Cuba?     Mexico? 

36.  In  what  direction  from  Hudson's  Bay  is  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico  ?    BaflBn's  Bay  ?     Behring's  Straits  ?    Iceland  ? 

II  NO.    I.,    MAP    OP   TUB   WOULD. 

I  This  map  represents  tho  Eastern    and  Western    Hemispheres. 

I      Hemisphere  signifies  half  a  globe. 
I        37.  In  what  hemisphere  is  Madagascar?     South  America? 
Africa?    Newfoundland?    Europe? 

MAP   OF  THE   WORLD,    NO.    II. 

This  map  represents  tho  Northern  and  Southern  Hemispheres. 

38.  In  what  hemisphere  is  the  South  Pole?  The  North 
Pole?     Australia?    Greenland? 

CIRCLES, 

39.  What  is  the  size  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  Nearly  25,000  miles  in  circumference,  and  8000  in  diameter. 

40.  What  is  meant  by  the  Circumference  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  The  distance  around  it. 

41.  What  is  meant  by  the  Diameter  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  The  distance  through  its  centre. 

42.  What  is  the  Axis  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  An  imaginary  lino  passing  through  its  centre,  north  and  south. 

43.  What  are  the  Poles  of  the  earth  ? 
A.  The  ends  of  the  axis. 


•4i? 


I 


10 


GEOGnAPHICAL  DEFINITIONS 


The  North  Pole  is  the  northern  point  of  the  earth's  axis;  the 
South  Pole,  the  southern. 

44.  What  are  the  Circles  of  the  earth? 

A.  Imaginary  lines  extending  around  its  surface. 

45.  "What  are  their  names? 

A.  The  Equator,  Tropics,  Polar  Circles,  Parallels,  and  Meridians. 

The  Equator  and  Meridians  are  called  Great  Circles ;  they  divide 
the  globe  into  equal  parts.  The  Tropics,  Polar  Circles,  and  Paral- 
lels, being  less  in  extent,  are  called  Small  Circles. 

4G.  How  are  these  circles  measured? 

A.  By  degrees. 

Each  circle  is  supposed  to  bo  divided  into  360  degrees.  A  degree 
of  a  great  circle  is  60  geographical  miles  in  length ;  60  geographical 
miles  are  equal  to  about  69J  statute  miles. 

47.  What  is  the  Equator? 

A.  An  imaginary  line,  extending  east  and  vieat  around  the  earth, 
at  equal  distances  from  the  Poles. 

48.  What  are  the  Tropics? 

A.  Imagijiary  lines  extending  around  the  earth,  parallel  with  tlie 
Equator. 

The  Northern,  or  Tropic  of  Cancer,  is  23J  degrees  north  of  the 
Equator ;  the  Southern,  or  Tropic  of  Capricorn,  the  same  distance 
south  of  it. 

49.  What  ai-e  the  Polar  Circles? 

A.  Imaginary  lines  extending  around  the  earth,  at  the  distance 
of  28J  degrees  from  the  Poles. 

The  Northern  is  called  the  Arctic  Circle:  the  Southern,  the 
.\ntarctic  Circle. 

50.  What  are  Parallels  ? 

A.  Circles  extending  east  and  vest  around  the  earth. 

51.  What  are  Meridians? 

A.  Circles  extending  around  the  earth,  north  and  south,  through 
the  Poles. 


«<., 


IONS. 

'  tho  earth's  axis;   the 

ih? 
surface. 

nrallels,  and  Meridians. 

•eat  Circles ;  they  divide 
?olar  Circles,  and  Paral- 
•cles. 


360  degrees.    A  degree 
length ;  CO  geographical 


west  around  the  earth, 


i  earth,  parallel  with  tlie 

3J  degrees  north  of  the 
icorn,  the  same  distance 


e  earth,  at  the  distance 
•ole;    the  Southern,  the 

d  the  earth. 

lorth  and  south,  through 


GEOGRAPHICAL   DEFINITIONS. 


EXERCISES   ON   THE   MAPS. 


11 


MAF  OF  TUB  WORLD,  NO.  I. 

Point  out  the  Arctic  Circle,  the  Antarctic  Circle,  tlic  Equator,  the 
Tropic  01'  Cancer,  Tropic  of  Capricorn. 

ZONES. 

52.  What  arc  Zones? 

A.  Divisions  of  the  earth's  surface,  formed  by  the  Tropics  and  the 
Polar  Cirjles. 

Zone  means  belt,  or  girdle. 

53.  How  many  zones  are  there? 

A.  Five :  one  Torrid,  two  Temperate,  and  two  Frigid. 

54.  What  does  the  Torrid  Zone  include? 

A.  That  part  of  the  earth's  surface  lying  between  tho  Tropic  of 
Cancer  and  Tropic  of  Capricorn. 

55.  How  many  Temperate  Zones  are  there? 

A.  Two,  the  North  Temperate  and  the  South  Temperate. 

56.  What  does  the  North  Temperate  Zone  include? 

A.  That  i)art  of  tlie  earth's  surface  lying  between  the  Tropic  of 
Cancer  and  the  Arctic  Circle. 

57.  What  does  tho  South  Temperate  Zone  include? 

A.  That  part  of  the  earth's  surface  lying  between  the  Tropic  of 
Capricorn  and  the  Antarctic  Circle? 

58.  How  many  Frigid  Zones  are  there? 
A.  Two,  the  North  and  South  Frigid. 

59.  Whera  are  they  situated? 

A.  The  North  Frigid  Zone  includes  that  portion  of  the  earth's 
surface  which  is  north  of  the  Arctic  Circle;  the  South  Frigid,  thot 
south  of  the  iintarctio  Circle. 

60.  What  is  the  climate  of  tho  Torrid  Zone  ? 
A.  Warm. 

61.  What  is  the  climate  of  tho  Frigid  Zone? 
A,  Cold. 


13 


aEOGRAPIIICAI*  DEFINITIONS, 


EXERCISES   ON   THE   MAPS 


MAP  OF  TUB  WORLD,  KG.  I. 

62.  In  what  zone,  principally,  is  Africa ?  Europe?  Pnuth 
America?  North  America?  Asia?  Greenland?  In  what 
zone  is  Borneo?     Baffin's  Bay?     Behring's  Straits? 


1  ■ 


LATITUDE  AND  LONGITUDE. 

63.  What  is  Latitude? 

A.  Distance  from  the  Equator. 

64.  How  is  it  divided? 

A.  Into  North  and  South  Latitude. 

All  places  north  of  the  Equator  nre  in  North  Latitude ;  all  south, 
in  South  Latitude. 

65.  How  is  latitude  counted? 

A.  By  degrees,  from  the  Equator  towards  the  Polos,  from  0  to  90. 
A  degree  contains  about  69}-  miles. 

66.  What  is  Longitude? 

A.  Distance  east  or  west  from  an  established  meridian. 

67.  How  is  it  divided? 

A.  Into  East  and  West  Longitude. 

All  places  east  of  the  established  meridian  are  in  East  Longitude ; 
those  west,  in  West  Longitude. 

68.  From  what  places  do  nations  generally  reckon  longitude? 
A.  From  the  capitals  of  their  own  country. 

In  our  maps,  it  is  reckoned  from  Greenwich  (England)  and  Wash- 
ington. 

69.  Are  degrees  of  longitude  equal  in  length  ? 

A.  Tiiey  are  not.    They  decrease  going  from  the  Equator  to  the 
Poles,  and  at  the  Polos  there  is  no  longitude.     (See  Appendix.) 


IONS, 


MAPS. 

I. 

a?    Europe? 
reenland?     In 
ng's  Straits? 

South 
what 

UDE. 


th  Latitude;  all  south, 


the  Poles,  from  0  to  00. 


ihed  meridian. 


1  are  in  East  Longitude ; 
ally  reckon  longitude? 
eh  (Englond)  and  Wash- 
length  ? 

:om  the  Equator  to  the 
(See  Appendix.) 


OEOORAPUICAL  DEEINITI0N8. 


EXERCISES   ON   THE   MAPS. 


13 


MAP  OF  THE  WOULD,  NO.  I. 

70.  Where  is  there  no  latitude  ?  No  longitude  ?  Neither 
latitude  nor  longitude  ?  In  what  latitude  is  North  America, 
North  or  South?  Greenland?  Mexico?  Cuba?  South 
America?  Africa?  Hudson's  Bay?  Asia?  Europe?  Aus- 
tralia?   Gulf  of  Mexico? 

71.  In  what  longitude  from  Greenwich  is  Mexico ?  Africa? 
Asia?    Behring's  Straits ?    Australia? 

On  the  Map  of  the  World,  the  longitude  is  reckoned  from  Green- 
wich (England). 

POLITICAL  DIVISIONS. 

72.  What  are  the  principal  political  divisions  of  the  earth? 
A.  Empires,  Kingdoms,  and  Republics. 

There  are  also  numerous  smaller  divisions,  such  as  Principalities, 
Duchies,  Grand  Duchies,  &o. 

73.  What  is  an  Empire? 

A.  A  tract  of  country  usually  governed  by  an  emperor. 

74.  What  is  a  Kingdom? 

A.  A  tract  of  country  usually  governed  by  a  king. 

75.  What  is  a  Republic? 

A.  A  tract  of  country  whose  laws  are  made  and  enforced  by  repre- 
sentatives elected  by  the  people. 

76.  What  are  some  of  the  subdivisions  of  an  empire  ? 

A.  Governments,  as  in  Russia;  Shires  or  Counties,  as  in  Great 
Britain ;  and  Provinces,  as  in  China. 

77.  What  are  some  of  the  Bubdivisions  of  a  kingdom  ? 

A.  Counties,  Parishes,  Cities,  Tovms,  &c.,  as  in  the  United  King- 
dom of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland. 


(!"" 


u 


OFOanAPHICAL   DEFINITIONS. 


78.  What  are  some  of  the  subdivisions  of  a  Republic  ? 

A.  Departments,  as  in  France ;  Cantons,  as  in  Switzerland ;  and 
Counties,  Districts,  Polishes,  Cities,  Towns,  &c.,  as  in  tlie  United 
States. 

79.  What  is  a  City? 

A.  A  coUectiTo  body  of  inliabitants,  incorporated,  and  governed  by 
particular  officers,  as  a  mayor  and  aldermen. 

The  difiFerence  between  a  city  and  a  town,  in  the  United  States, 
consists  in  the  fact  that  a  city  is  usually  incorporated  with  special 
privileges,  and  a  town  is  not.    A  city,  however,  is  often  called  a  town. 

80.  What  is  the  Capital  of  t\  country  ? 

A.  The  seat  of  government,  as  Woshington  in  the  United  States, 
St.  Petersburg  in  Russia. 


OBSERVATIONS  ON  THE  QUESTIONS. 

In  bounding  any  section  of  country,  tell,  in  the  order  here  given, 
what  is  on  the  North,  East,  South,  and  West ;  as — The  United  States 
are  bounded  on  the  North  by  British  America,  East  by  the  A.tlantic 
Ocean,  South  by  Mexico  and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  anc  West  by  the 
Pacific. 

In  describing  Islands,  tell  where  they  are  situated,  and  in  what 
direction  they  are  from  the  nearest  continent,  or  other  islands. 

In  describing  Peninsulas  and  Capes,  name  the  tract  of  land  to  which 
they  are  attached,  and  the  bodies  of  water  into  which  they  project. 
Tell  what  divisions  of  water  an  Isthmus  separates,  and  what  tracts  of 
land  it  connects.  State  where  Mountains  are  situated,  and  in  what 
direction  they  extend. 

In  describing  Seas,  Gulfs,  and  Bays,  name  the  larger  body  of  water 
of  which  they  conetHute  a  part,  ond  the  land  divisions  by  which  they 
are  partly  surrounded.  Name  the  tracts  of  land  separated,  and  the 
bodies  of  water  connected,  by  Straits,  Sounds,  and  Channels.  State 
where  a  river  rises,  in  what  direction  it  flows,  and  vthere  it  empties. 
Tell  where  Lakes  are  situated,  and  name  the  outlets  through  which 
their  waters  reach  the  sea.  Some  lakes  have  no  visible  outlet ;  in 
describing  them,  state  the  fact. 


3  of 

as  in  Switzerland ;  and 

,  &c.,  as  in  tlie  United 


GEOGRAPHICAL   DEFINITIONS. 


16 


In  describing  cities  or  towns,  tell  irhat  State  or  country  tSiey  are 
in,  and  in  what  part  of  it ;  tell  also  wliot  river,  or  other  body  of 
water,  they  are  situated  upon,  or,  if  on  no  body  of  water,  name  that 
to  which  they  ore  nearest. 


orated,  and  governed  by 

1,  in  the  United  States, 
icorporated  with  special 
r,  is  often  called  a  town. 
> 

n  in  the  United  States, 


JESTIONS. 

in  the  order  here  given, 
;  as— The  United  States 
10,  East  by  the  AMantiu 
lexico,  one  West  by  the 


SCALES  OF  MILES. 

Nearly  every  map  in  the  Atlas  has  a  scale  of  miles  upon  it,  by 
which  it  is  easy  to  find  the  distance  from  one  point  to  another. 

E.xri-ANATios.  What  is  the  distance  from  Baltimore  to  the  uoutli 
of  the  Misjissippi  river  ?  See  Map  No.  IV.  Measure  with  a  piece 
of  paper,  or  a  pair  of  compasses,  the  distance  between  these  points ; 
and  it  will  be  found  just  the  length  of  the  scale  given  on  the  Atlas,  or 
one  thousand  miles. 

81.  What  is  tho  distance  of  Mexico  from  San  Salvador? 
A.  Eight  hundred  miles. 

82.  Of  New  York  from  Sydney,  Cape  Breton  Island  ? 
83    Of  San  Francisco  from  Havana,  Cuba  ? 

84.  From  Capo  Prince  of  Wales  to  Cape  Sable,  Florida  ? 

85.  From  Ca^  Race,  Newfoundland,  to  Cape  Flattery  ? 


3  situated,  and  in  what 
,  or  other  islands, 
the  tract  of  land  to  which 
into  which  they  project, 
rates,  and  what  tracts  of 
■e  situated,  and  in  what 

the  larger  body  of  water 
divisions  by  which  they 
land  separated,  and  the 
:8,  and  Channels.  State 
;,  and  where  it  empties, 
e  outlets  through  which 
>ve  no  visible  outlet;  in 


I-"'- 


GEOGllAPHICAL  QUESTIONS. 


MAP  OF  THE  WORLD,  No.  I. 

TiiiB  Map  represents  the  surface  of  the  earth,  divided  north  and 
south  mto  two  equal  parts.  The  right-hand  circle  represents  the 
i-astern  Hemisphere  ;  the  left-hand,  the  Western. 

The  terms  Eastern  and  Western  refer  to  the  meridian  of  Fcrro,  one 
of  he  Canary  Islands ;  the  most  western  point  known  to  the  ancients 
and  that  from  which  longitude  was  formerly  reckoned. 

1.  What  great  divisions  does  the  Eastern  Hemisphere 
contain  ? 

2.  What  are  the  great  divisions  of  the  Western  Hemisphere  ? 

3.  What  great  division  lies  partly  in  the  Eastern  and  partly 
in  the  Western  Hemisphere  ? 

4.  Of  what  is  this  division  entirely  composed  ? 
A.  Islands. 

5.  Which  Hemisphere  contains  the  greatest  amount  of  land  ? 

6.  Which  Hemisphere  contains  the  greatest  amount  of 
water  ? 

7.  Which  Hemisphere  contains  the  largest  islands  ? 

8.  Which  is  the  largest  island  in  the  world  ? 

9.  Whichis  the  largest  division  of  the  Eastern  Hemisphere  " 
Which  is  the  smallest  ? 

10.  Which  extends  farthest  North  ?  Which  farthest  South  ? 
East?    West? 


OEOanAPHICAi,  QUESTIONS. 


IT 


ISTIONS. 


No.  I. 

irth,  divided  north  and 
d  circle  represents  the 

Dm.  I 

I  meridian  of  Ferro,  one  S 
known  to  the  ancients,  I 
okoned.  1 


Uastern    Hemisphere 


I'^estern  Hemisphere  ? 
e  Eastern  and  partly 


? 


test  amount  of  land? 
greatest  amount  of 

3st  islands  ? 

rid? 

astern  Hemisphere  ? 

bich  farthest  South  ? 

(16) 


11.  Which  division  of  the  Western  Hemisphere  extends 
farthest  East?    Which  farthest  West? 

12.  Which  is  the  most  southern  land  in  the  Eastern  Hemi- 
sphere ? 

13.  The  most  southern  in  the  Western  Hemisphere  ? 

14.  What  five  Oceans  are  in  the  Eastern  Hemisphere? 

15.  What  four  Oceans  in  the  Western  Hemisphere? 

16.  Which  is  the  largest  Ocean  ?    Pc. 

17.  What  Ocean  lies  between  America  end  Europe  ? 

18.  What  between  America  and  Asia? 

19.  What  south  of  Asia  ? 

20.  What  Ocean  surrounds  the  North  Pole  ? 

21.  What  Ocean  surrounds  the  South  Pole? 

22.  What  Strait  separates  America  from  Asia? 

23.  What  waters  does  it  connf  't  ? 

24.  What  Sea  north  of  South  America? 

25.  What  Sea  south  of  Europe  ? 

26.  What  Isthmus  connects  North  and  South  America? 

27.  What  Bay  west  of  Greenland  ? 

28.  What  Bay  south  of  Asia  ? 

29.  What  two  Seas  east  of  Asia? 

30.  Where  is  the  Gulf  of  Mexico? 

31.  Where  is  the  Island  of  Madagascar? 

32.  What  Channel  between  it  and  Africa? 

33.  Where  is  the  Red  Sea? 

34.  What  Isthmus  between  it  and  the  Mediterranean  Sea? 

35.  What  grand  divisions  does  tliis  Isthmus  connect? 

36.  What  Strait  between  Europe  and  Africa? 

37.  What  waters  are  connected  by  it? 

38.  Where  is  the  Baltic  Sea  ? 

39.  What  Strait  south  of  South  America? 

40.  What  Isknd  is  separated  from  South  America  by  it? 

41.  Where  are  the  West  Indies? 
2* 


18 


atOaHAI'IlICAL  Qt'EHTIONS 


42.  In  what  Zone  ia  Nova  Zcnibla?  Spitzleigcn  ?  Vic- 
toriu  Land  ?  Hornco?  Kthiopia?  Ct-jada?  Europo?  Tho 
Caspian  Son?  DcHcrt  of  Cuhi'f  Terra  del  Fucgo?  New 
Zealand?     Van  Diomcn'a  Land? 

43.  Through  what  Islands  does  the  Tropic  of  Capricorn  pass? 
What  grand  divisions? 

4t.  Through  what  Oceans  docs  tho  Kfjuator  pass?  What 
Inlands  ? 

45.  Through  what  Sea  docs  tho  Tropic  of  Cancer  pa««? 
WhatOulf?     What  Desert? 

4G.  Through  what  grand  divisioDB  does  tho  Arctic  Circle 
I)a8s  ? 

47.  Through  what  bodies  of  water  docs  the  Antarctic  Circle 
pass? 


»«4.„ 


MAP  OP  THE  WOnLI),   NO.   II. 

This  Map  represents  the  surface  of  the  earth,  divldoil  east  and 
west  by  the  Equator  into  two  equal  parts;  the  right-hand  circle 
representing  the  Southern  Hemisphere,  the  left-hand  the  Northern. 

48.  Which  Hemisphere  contains  tho  greatest  quantity  of 
ki:"  ? 

49.  Which  Hemisphere  contains  tho  greatest  quantity  of 
water? 

50.  What  great  divisions  are  wholly  in  the  Northern  Hemi- 
sphere ? 

51.  What  great  divisions  are  partly  !■  the  Northern  Hemi- 
sphere ? 

52.  What  great  division  are  partly  in  the  Southern  Hemi- 
sphere ? 

53.  What  region  lies  nearest  the  North  Pole  ? 

54.  What  nearest  the  South  Pole  ? 

55.  How  near  the  South  Pole  did  Captain  Ross  Bail  ?  (See 
Map  No.  III.) 


i^-^^r^" 


Spitstlcigcn  ?     Vic- 
la?     Europe?    The 
del   Fucgo  ?     New 

ic  of  Capricurn  pa»»  't 

juator  pass?     What 

)io  of  Caucer  pass? 

;8  tbo  Arctic  Circle 

the  Antarctic  Circle 

i.  II. 

artli,  divided  eoat  and 
tlie  riglit-lmiul  circle 
t-band  the  Nortliurn. 

greatest  quantity  of 
greatest  quantity  of 
the  Northern  Ilemi- 
the  Noi'them  Hemi- 
bbe  Southern  Hcmi- 
Pole? 
lin  Ross  sail  ?    (See 


i 


Or.OOUAMHCAL  QUESTIONS.  10 

60.  In  what  HemiHphere  is  Madagascar? 

67.  In  what  Hcuiisphcro  is  the  Oulf  of  Mexico? 

»TATI«TICA1— •■■  lABtl   KO.  II, 

M.  What  is  the  area  of  the  land  surface  of  the  globe? 
Tj!).  Which  division  has  the  greatest  number  of  square  miles? 
Which  the  least? 

00.  What  is  tho  population  of  the  world? 

61.  Which  division  contains  tho  greafost  number  of  inhabit- 
ants?    Which  the  least? 

02.  AVbich  division  contains  the  greatest  number  of  inhabit- 
ants to  tho  square  mile?     Which  least? 

03.  What  is  tho  population  to  the  square  mile  of  tho  whol< 
world? 

t 

MAP  NO.    IV.,   NORTH  AMERICA. 

1.  What  Ocean  bounds  North  Aaficrica  on  the  north? 

2.  What  Gulf  on  the  south? 

8.  What  Ocean  on  the  east?     On  tho  west? 

4.  What  large  division  in  the  north?    B.  Aa.     What  is  itM 
capital?  Qc. 

5.  What  division  in  the  north-west?  R.  Aa.     Its  principal 
town?  Sa. 

6.  What  division  in  the  north-cast?  Gd. 

Greenlond  and  Iceland  oongtltute  Doniih  America.     They  belong 
to  DoDinark. 

7.  What  important  division   in   tho  centre?    IT.  S.     Its 
capital?  Wn. 

8.  What  division  south-west  of  it  ?  Mo.     Its  capital  ?  Mo. 
0.  What  is  the  most  southern  division  of  North  America  ? 

C.  Aa. 

10.  Bound  British  America,     Russian  America.     United 
i  tates.    Mexico,    Central  America. 


m  ' 


1' 


so 


OEOdlUrillCAI,  QIIKNTIONH. 


11.  \\'liat  group  of  Islands  south-oaHt  of  the  United  States/ 
W.  Ih. 

12.  Which  iw  tho  lurgcBt  of  thin  group?   Cii.     Which  next 
in  iiizc?  Hi. 

lit.  What  three  THJan.U  ju  (lio  «Iulf  of  St.  Ijawrcnce? 
14.  What  largo  !-»'•  ui     ".-.t    f  i.      Nd. 
If).  What  luhiiKi    !48t  t.f  tbo  southern  part  of  tho  UuitotI 
States?   m. 

Ifl.  What  1  '  ; '  Ifijnnd  c.ipt  of  flrccnland? 

17    Wli,        ■  10  principal  town  of  Iceland ?     Ilk. 

Is.  What  Island  in  H-dH  n's  Iky?     Do. 

h).  What  two  ItdatidM  west  of  Uritiwh  America? 

20.  VVliiit  two  ArchiiiolagocH  south-west  of  llu.s.'iian  Ame- 
rica?    P.  ofWH.,  (ic.  III. 

21.  What  Teninsula  in  tho  southern  part  of  Iluiisian  Ame- 
rica ?     Aa. 

22.  What  north  of  Hudson's  IJuy?     Me. 

2;{.  What  in  the  soutlieastcrn  part  of  Britisli  America? 
N.  Sa. 

24.  V/hat  in  tho  southern  part  of  tho  United  States? 

25.  What  IVninsuhi  west  of  Mexico?     Ca. 
20.  What  east  of  Mexico  ?     Yn. 

27.  Whore   is   Capo  Princo  of  Wales?     Cape   Farewell? 
Capollacc?     Capo  Cod?     Capo  Ilattcras? 

28.  Whichis  tho  most  southern  Cape  of  North  America?  Oa. 

29.  Which  is  tho  most  eastern?   lie.     Most  western?    Pr. 
'ofWs. 

30.  What  Capo  at  tho  southern  extremitj  of  Florida  ?     Cali- 
fornia?   Greenland?    Nova  Scotia? 

31.  What  Mountains  extend  along  the  eastern  coast  of  the 
Juited  States? 

32.  Wb      i.  »ee  ranges  along  the  western  coast?    Ce,,  Ct., 
y.  Na. 


3  Unitfd  States? 
II.     Wliicli  next 
rjawrcnoe  't 
t  of  tho  United 

Ilk. 

■icai' 
Iius.iian  Amc- 

f  Iluusiau  Amo- 

ritisli  America  1* 
d  States? 

^apo   Farewell'/ 

h  America?  Oa. 
it  western  ?    Pr. 

Florida?     Cali- 

ern  coast  of  the 

oast?    Ce.,  Ct., 


OltOOKAPIIICAf,   gilEHli, 'N3.  JJ 

38.  What  rungo  oi  n    uiitainii  extends      -^ough  tho  whole 

of  North  Air/f  Mca? 

HI.  \Vliat  a  thpy  call.  1  in  Mexico  nnd  Central  America''' 
H.  Mn. 

Tho  llockjr  Mom,  n-t  aiiumo  the  mime  Hiorra  Mmlio  iit  •bout 
iitltiiily  MM",  aiKl  ret    n  it  throiiflioiit  Mexi«„  nnd  Ccntr  ^  Anii-ri,  ». 

.'{5,   What  llighiuml.s  in  the;  n<-rthon'  part  of  Gn      'md? 

HO.  What  iMountain  ir   IJrinfi'      Laud?     Fn. 

Thia  mountftiii  wns  iliwox   -ed  in  IBM),  by  tho  Qrlniu'!!  i;   vcdltlon. 

ii7.  What  two  Mountains  in  tbo  south-wrstem  part  if  Rus- 
bian  America? 
88.  What  Volcano  in  locl.nd? 
•'19.   Wliat  in  tlio  southern     urt  of  Mexico? 

40.  Wliat  two  in  Central    \iiierica? 

41.  What  Desert  in  tl-o  Uhiod  States,  cast  of  tho  llocky 
Mountain.^? 

42.  What  Basin  between  the  H    ky  Mts.  and  Sierra  Nevada? 
48.  Where   is   Labrador?     Cui    'la  East?     Canada  West? 

Prince  William's   Land?     New  I    .rth  Wales?    New  South 
Wales?     Fast  Main? 

44.  Where  is  Grinncll  Land? 

This  lunil  wiiB  discovered  In  1H50,  b\  the  expedition  under  com- 
mand of  Lieut.  Do  Haven,  nont  cut  in  h'  rch  of  Sir  John  Franljlln, 
nnd  named  in  honor  of  Henry  Urinnell,  i;»q.,  of  New  Yorl<,  whose 
raunificenco  fitted  out  tho  expedition. 

45.  What  Sea  north  of  British  ond  Russian  America? 

46.  What  Sea  east  of  Central  Auu  lea? 

47.  What  large  Bay  in  British  Am- rica? 

48.  What  Bay  south  of  Hudson's  Bay?    Js. 

49.  What  Bay  east  of  it?     Ua. 

50.  What  Bay  between  Prince  William's  Land  and  Green- 
land?    Bs. 

b\.  What  Gulf  south-west  of  British  America  ?    Ga. 


u 


n 


22 


OEOGRAPIIICAL  QUESTIOiNS. 


52.  What  Gulf  north  of  British  America? 

53.  What  Gulf  west  of  Newfoundland? 

54.  What  great  Gulf  south  of  the  United  States?      »^ 

55.  What  Bay  west  oi  Alaska? 

56.  What  Bay  east  of  Central  America?    North  of  it? 

57.  What  Gulf  between  ]\Iexico  and  California  ? 

58.  What  Gulf  south-east  of  Boothia  Felix?     Ba. 

59.  Name  the  three  Bays  on  the  west  coast  of  Greenland. 

60.  What  two  Bays  on  the  eastern  coast  of  the  United 
States? 

61.  What  Bay  west  of  Yucatan? 

62.  What  Bay  between  Nova  Scotia  and  New  Brunswick? 
This  bay  is  particularly  noted  for  its  tides.     In  some  parts  of 

it,  the  water  rises  to  the  height  of  seventy  feet,  and  advances  witli 
such  rapidity  as  often  to  drown  th-  swine  feeding  upon  the  shell- 
fish on  its  borders. 

63.  What  Bay  on  the  western  coast  of  the  United  States? 

64.  Where  is  Behring's  Strait?     How  wide  is  it? 

65.  What  two  great  divisions  does  it  separate? 

66.  What  two  bodies  of  water  connect? 

67.  Where  is  Wellington  Channel? 

68.  What  Strait  connects  Baffin's   Bay  and   the  Atlantic 
Ocean  ? 

69.  What  three  Straits  north  of  Labrador? 

70.  What  Strait  separates  Newfoundland  from  Labrador? 

71.  What  two  Sounds  in  the  northern  part  of  Baffin's  Bay? 
Ss.,  Ls. 

72.  What  Sound  on  the  eastern  coast  of  Greenland?    Ds. 

73.  What  Sound  north  of  Cape  Hatteras?    Ae. 

74.  What  south  of  Russian  America?    Pr.  Ws. 

75.  Name  five  of  the  principal  Lakes  of  British  America. 

76.  Name  the  five  principal  Lakes  in  the  northern  part  of 
the  United  States. 


77 

.  1 

St.  Le. 

7S 

\ 

western 

79 

\ 

80. 

V 

81. 

V 

82. 

V 

Mi.,  R. 

83. 

\1 

84. 

^ 

85. 

\} 

86. 

^^ 

Tropic  0 

87. 

y\ 

88. 

Ie 

The  nort 

89. 

M 

90. 

^^ 

91. 

w 

Zone? 

92. 

Vi 

Zone? 

93. 

w 

94. 

w 

95. 

w 

96. 

w 

97. 

w 

98. 

w 

99. 

w 

America  ? 

Ed  States? 


?    North  of  it? 

fornia  ? 

ix?     Ba. 

3t  of  Greenland. 

St  of  the  United 


^ew  Brunswick? 
In  some  parts  of 
and  advances  with 

ing  upon  the  shell- 
United  States? 

le  is  it? 

ite? 


md   tho  Atlantic 


roin  Labrador? 
of  Baffin's  Bay? 

reenland?    Ds. 

Ae. 

Ws. 

itish  America, 
northern  part  of 


nEOOnAPHICAL   QUESTIONS. 


23 


77.  Through  what  river  do  their  waters  reach  the  ocean'' 
St.  Le. 

7.S    What  Lake  in  3Iexico?     In  Central  America?    In  tho 
western  part  of  tho  United  States?    Gt.  St. 
79.  What  lliver  flows  into  the  Polar  Sea?     Ms. 

50.  What  two  into  Hudson's  Bay?     Nn.,  CI. 

51.  What  two  Rivers  flow  into  the  St.  Lawrence?     Sy.,  Oa. 

82.  What  two  large  llivers  flow  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico'' 
3Ii.,  R.  Gr. 

83.  What  two  into  the  Gulf  of  California?     Co.,  Ga. 

84.  What  River  of  the  United  States  flows  into  the  Pacific? 

85.  What  River  flows  into  the  Gulf  of  Georgia?     Fs. 

86.  What  division  of  North  America  is  crossed   by  the 
Tropic  of  Cancer? 

87.  What  divisions  by  the  Arctic  Circle? 

88.  In  what  Zone  is  the  central  part  of  North  America? 
The  northern?    The  southern? 

89.  What  division  is  partly  in  the  Torrid  Zone? 

90.  What  division  is  wholly  in  the  Torrid  Zone? 

91.  What  divisions  arc  partly  in   the   North    Temperate 
Zone? 

92.  What  division    is  wholly  in    the    North    Temperate 
Zone? 

93.  What  divisions  are  partly  in  the  North  Frigid  Zone? 

8TATI8TICAI,  —  SEE   TABLK   NO.  II. 

94.  Which  is  the  largest  division  of  North  America? 

95.  Which  is  next  in  size?    Which  next? 

96.  Which  division  has  the  greatest  amount  of  population'-' 

97.  Which  next?    Which  next? 

08.  What  is  the  population  of  Russian  America? 
99.  What  is  the  population  of  Danish  America  ?     Of  British 
America?    Of  Mexico? 


'i 

-4 


IMP' 


24  GEOGRAI'UICAL  QUESTIONS. 

100.  What  is  the  entire  population  of  North  America? 

101.  What  is  the  number  of  square  miles  in  North  America';' 

102.  What  is  the  average  population  to  the  square  mile? 


■;< 


.1 


MAP   NO.  v.,   UNITED   STATES. 

1.  Of  what  do  the  United  States  consist? 

A.  Of  thirty-one  States,  six  Territories,  and  one  District. 

2.  How  are  they  divided  ? 

A.  Into  four  sections,  viz.,  Eastern,  Middle,  Southern,  and  Western. 
The  Eastern  States  are  generally  knovra  as  New  England. 

3.  What  are  the  Eastern  States? 

A.  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Isl- 
and, and  Connecticut. 

4.  Bound  each  of  these  States,  name  the  Capitals,  and  tell 
where  they  are  situated. 

5.  What  are  the  Middle  States? 

A.  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  and  Delaware. 

C.  Bound  each  of  these  States.     Name  and  describe  the 
Capitals. 

7.  What  are  the  Southern  States? 

A.  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  CaroUna,  Georgia, 
Alabama,  Florida,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  and  Texas, 

8.  Bound  each  of  these  States,  name  the  Capitals,  and  tell 
where  they  are  situated. 

The  District  of  Columbia  is  included  within  this  section  of  the 
United  States. 

9.  Between  what  States  is  it  situated  ? 

10.  What  are  the  Western  States? 

A.  Arkansas,  Tennessee,  Kentucky,  Ohio,  Indiana,  DUnois,  Michi- 
gan, Wisconsin,  Iowa,  Missouri,  and  California. 

11.  Bound  each  of  these  States,  name  the  Capitals,  and  tell 
where  they  are  situated. 


2S 


a-^^aS-E'i^^sSKWS^^fiJE 


m 


OEOaRAl'HICAIi  QUESTIONg. 


26 


h  America? 
1  North  America!' 
square  mile  ? 


!  District. 

hern,  and  Western. 
England. 

usctts,  Rhode  Isl- 
Japitals,  and  tell 

)elawaru. 

ind  describe  the 

Carolina,  Georgia, 

IS. 

:)apitals,  and  tell 
lis  section  of  the 


la,  niinois,  Mlchi- 
'apitale,  and  tell 


12.  What  Territories  are  included  in  this  section? 

A.  The  organized  Territories  of  Oregon,  Minnesota,  Utnli,  and 
New  Mexico,  and  the  unorganized  Indinn  and  Missouri  Territories. 

An  orgnnizcd  Territory  is  one  in  wliicli  the  people  elect  the  Legis- 
lature, but  in  which  the  GoTemor  is  appointed  by  the  President. 
Unorganized  Territories  havd  no  special  government. 

13.  Bound  the  above-njimed  Territories.  Name  the  capitals 
of  the  organized  Territorids,  and  tell  where  they  are  situated. 

14.  Name  in  order  tha  States  bordering  on  the  Atlantic, 
beginning  with  the  most  northerly, 

15.  Name  the  States  krdering  on  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

16.  What  State  and  Territory  border  the  Pacific? 

17.  'What  States  border  the  cast  bank  of  the  3Iissis»ippi " 
The  west  bank? 

18.  What  State  does  tie  3Iississippi  river  intersect? 

19.  Of  what  two  States  and  Territories  docs  the  Jlinsouri 
river  form  a  part  of  the  western  boundary? 

liO.  Of  what  three  Stot<;8  does  the  Oliio  river  form  the  south- 
ern boundary? 

21.  What  two  States  border  the  southern  bank  of  the  Ohio? 

22.  Name  the  five  States  and  Territory  bordering  the  great 
Lakes  of  the  North. 

23.  What  two  States  does  the  Connecticut  river  separate? 

24.  What  two  States  are  separated  by  Delaware  Bay? 

25.  "SVhat  State  is  intersected  by  Chesapeake  Bay? 

26.  Of  what  State  does  the  Sabine  river  form  the  western 
boundary  ? 

2".  What  State  is  separated  from  3Iexico  by  the  Rio  Grande? 

28.  What  two  States  ire  separated  by  Lake  Michigan? 

29.  What  Territory  has  the  Colorado  river  for  a  part  of  its 
western  boundary? 

30.  What  Island  on  the  coast  of  Maine? 

31.  What  two  south  of  Massachusetts? 
3 


26 


GEOGRAPHICAL  QUESTIONS, 


32.  What  south  of  Rhode  Island? 
'6S.  What  south  of  Connecticut? 

34.  What  groups  south-west  of  Florida? 

35.  What  large  Island  north-west  of  Oregon? 

36.  What  Peninsula  east  of  Massachusetts?     0.  Cd. 

37.  What  Peninsula  in  the  south-eastern  part  of  the  United 
States?     Fa. 

38.  What  Capes  on  the  Atlantic  coast  of  the  United  States? 
Cd.,  Mr.,  Cs.,  Ily.,  Hs.,  Lt.,  Fr.,  CI.,  Fa. 

39.  What  Cape  at  the  southern  extremity  of  Florida? 

40.  What  Capes   project  into  the  Gulf  of  Jlexico?     St. 
Ba.,  lis. 

41.  What  Capes  on  the  Pacific  coast?     Mo.,  Fr.,  Lt.,  Fy. 

42.  What  Volcano  in  Oregon,  north  of  the  Columbia  river? 
St.  Hs. 

In  1842,  cinders  and  ashes  from  this  volcano  fell  at  Fort  Vuncou- 
rer,  slightly  covering  the  country  in  its  vicinity. 

43.  What  Mountains  form  a  part  of  the  boundary  line  be- 
tween Utah  and  California? 

44.  What  range  cf  Mountains  in  the  western  part  of  Ore- 
gon? Ce. 

45.  What  range  forms  its  eastern  boundary  line? 

46.  What  Mountains  in  Oregon  west  of  Lewis  river?     Be. 

47.  What  Mountains  near  the  Pacific  coast,  in  California? 

48.  What  Mountains  east  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  in  Utah? 

49.  What  south  of  the  Great  Salt  Lake?     Wh. 

50.  What  three  ranges  of  Mountains  extend  through  the 
eastern  part  of  the  United  States?    Ay.,  B.  Re.,  Cd. 

51.  What  Mountains  extend  through  New  Mexico?     S.  Mo. 

52.  By  what  name  is  this  range  known  farther  north? 

53.  What  Straits  separate  Vancouver's  Island  from  Oregon? 

54.  What  four  Bays  on  the  coast  of  California?    Ht.,  S.  Fo., 
My.,  S.  Do. 


lu^ 


K5fetiiiM>n(iuj'mM^ajjiiW«teit»T«ifa.^ 


;on : 

ts?     0.  Cd. 

•art  of  the  United 

lie  United  States? 

y  of  Florida? 
of  Jlexico?     St. 

).,  Fr.,  Lt.,  Fy. 
e  Columbia  river  ? 

'ell  at  Fort  Vancou- 

boundary  line  be- 

itcrn  part  of  Ore- 

r  line? 

ewis  river?     Be. 
t,  in  California? 
jvada,  in  Utah? 

Wh. 
tend  through  the 
Re.,  Cd. 

Mexico?     S.  Me. 
ther  north  ? 
md  from  Oregon? 
nia?    Ht.,S.  Fo., 


OKOGRAPHICAI,   QTJ£.ST]O.N.s>.  27 

55.  What  three  Bays  on  the  west  coast  of  Florida  ?     "\'r 
Ta.,  Cm. 

50.  What  Sound  west  of  Vancouver's  Island?    Na. 

57.  What  five  Lakes  in  the  northern  part  of  the  United 
States? 

58.  What  Lake  north-cast  of  Lake  Huron  ? 
50.  What  two  Lakes  in  Maine? 

GO.  What  Lake  west  of  Vermont? 

61.  What  two  Lakes  in  Florida? 

62.  What  Lake  in  Louisiana? 

63.  What  two  Lakes  form  a  part  of  the  northern  boundary 
of  Minnesota? 

64.  What  Lake  in  the  Mississippi,  east  of  Jlii.nesota? 

65.  What  Lake  in  Minnesota  is  the  source  of  the  Mississippi 
liver?     la. 

66.  What  Lake  in  Minnesota  flows  into  the  Red  river?   Ts. 

67.  What  Lake  near  the  head  waters  of  the  Minnesota  river"'' 
B.  Se. 

The  country  between  Lake  Travcra  and  Big  Stone  Lake  is  some- 
times overflown,  so  that  boats  may  pass  from  one  to  the  other ;  thus 
connecting  the  Red  river,  the  waters  of  which  reach  the  ocean  through 
Hudson's  Bay,  with  the  Minnesota,  wliich  flows  into  the  Mississippi, 
and  thence  into  tlie  Gulf  of  Jlexico. 

68.  What  other  Lakes  in  31iiinosota? 

69.  What  great  Lake  in  Utah? 

The  water  of  this  lake  contains  a  much  greater  proportion  of  salt 
than  that  of  the  ocean. 

70.  What  Lakes  in  the  western  part  of  Utah? 

71.  What  three  Lakes  near  the  centre  of  that  Territory? 
The  various  lakes  of  Fremont  Basin,  in  Utah,  are,  with  one  e.\cei>- 

tion,  (Utah  Lake,  the  waters  of  which  flow  into  the  Great  Salt  Lake,") 
salt,  and  without  any  visible  outlet. 

72.  What  three  Lakes  in  California? 


■rtt 


^t^- 


2S 


OKOORAPHICAL  QUESTIONS. 


73.  What  rivers  in  the  United  States  flow  into  the  Atlantic 
Ocean  ? 

74.  What  into  the  Gulf  of  IMoxico? 

7ii.  What  arc  the  principal  eastern  branches  of  the  Missis- 
.•■ippi  river? 

70.  What  the  western? 

77.  Name  the  three  rivers  of  Minnesota  that  flow  into  the 
Mississippi.     Ma.,  Km.,  St.  Cx. 

78.  What  river  in  that  Territory  has  a  northern  course?  Rd. 

79.  What  river  flows  into  Lake  Superior?     St.  Ls. 

80.  How  long  is  the  lied  river? 

81.  In  what  Territory  is  the  Yellowstoae  river? 

82.  Into  what  does  it  flow  ?    What  is  its  length  ? 

8.^.  AVhat  three  rivers  named  in  honor  of  distinguished  indi- 
viduals form  the  Missouri? 

84.  Into  what  does  the  Running  Water  river  flow  ? 

85.  What  river  separates  Missouri  and  Indian  Territories? 
This  river  i:  also  called  Nebraska.     It  wa?  proposed  in  Congress, 

in  1845,  that  a  section  of  country  north  and  sooth  of  it  should  be 
organized  into  a  new  Territory,  to  be  called  Nebraska.  A  bill  was 
reported  for  that  purpose,  but  failed  to  become  a  law.  The  proposed 
northern  and  southern  boundary  lines  may  be  seen  on  the  map.  This 
i^ection  is  often  erroneously  called  Nebraska. 

86.  Jlention  the  principal  branches  of  the  Missouri  in  Indian 
Territory. 

87.  Howlongis  the  Kanzas?     The  Platte? 

^8.  What  great  river  flows  through  Indian  Territory  and 
Arkansas  into  the  Mississippi  ?    Its  length  ? 

89.  What  are  its  principal  branches? 

90.  What  river  between  Indian  Territory  and  Texas  ? 

91.  What  between  Louisiana  and  Texas? 

92.  What  between  Texas  and  Slexico?     New  Mexico  and 
California?     Mexico  and  New  Mexico? 


iji- 


-«-^ 


OEOORAPniOAL   QUESTIONS. 


29 


vv  into  tho  Atlantic 


ches  of  tbo  Missis- 


tbat  flow  into  tbc     • 

■ 

•them  course  ?  Rd. 
St.  Ls. 

river? 
length  J" 
distinguished  indi-     | 

Iver  flow  ? 

dian  Territories? 

roposed  in  Congress, 
nth  of  it  should  be 
braska.    A  bill  wns 
law.     The  proposed   1 
in  on  the  map.    This    ^ 

Missouri  in  Indian 
lian  Territory  and 


and  Texas'::' 
New  Mexico  and 


93.  What  two  rivers  in  Utah  form  tho  Colorado'/ 

94.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  the  Buy  of  San  Francisco'/ 
05.  What  river  flows  into  Monterey  IJay'/ 

90.  What  river  in  the  northern  part  of  California  flows  into 
tiie  Pacific  'i 

97.  What  are  the  principal  branches  of  the  Sacramento'/ 
(See  Map  No.  VI.) 

98.  AVhatare  the  principal  branches  of  the  Sau  Joaquin? 
(See  Map  No.  VI.) 

99.  What  river  in  Oregon  flows  into  tho  Pacific? 

100.  What  river  in  Oregon,  west  of  tho  Cascade  range,  flows 
into  tho  Columbia?     We. 

The  valley  of  the  Willamette  is  the  most  fertile  portion  of  Oregon, 
and  that  in  which  the  chief  part  of  the  population  is  found. 

101.  What  are  the  two  principal  branches  of  the  Columbia? 

102.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  the  Great  Salt  Lake? 

103.  What  river  flows  into  Nicollet  Lake  ?    Humboldt  Lake  ? 

104.  What  States  and  Territories  does  the  46th  parallel  of 
latitude  pass  through  ?     The  40th  ?     What  States  the  30th  ? 

105.  Through  how  many  degrees  of  latitude  does  the  Mis- 
sissippi flow  ? 

106.  Between  what  mountains  is  tho  gold  region  of  Cali- 
fornia ? 


107. 
108. 
109. 
110. 
111. 
112. 
113. 
114. 


STATISTICAL  —  SEE   TADLES. 

Which  is  the  largest  of  the  United  States  ? 

Which  next  in  size? 

Which  is  the  sciallefit? 

Which  is  the  largest  Territory  ? 

Which  the  smallest? 

How  many  square  miles  in  the  District  of  Columbia? 

Which  State  has  the  greatest  population  ? 
W^hich  has  the  least? 
3* 


80 


flKOnUAlMIlCAL  QIESTIONS, 


11").  Whicli  State  is  niost  thickly  settled? 
ll(i.  Whi(.li  State  has  the  greatest  amount  of  imports?     Of 
exports '( 

117.  Which  State  is  most  in  dcht? 

lis.  Which  hiis  tho  greatest  amount  of  State  property? 

11!K   Which  State  was  first  settled?     Hy  whoa'? 

120.  Which  State  first  adopted  the  Constitution  ? 

121.  Which  furnished  the  most  troops  during  the  Revolu- 
tionary war? 

12*2.  What  was  the  date  of  the  California  gold  discoveries? 

123.  When  was  Utah  first  settled?     By  whom? 

124.  When  Oregon?     Where?     ]{y  whom? 

125.  When  Minnesota?     Where?     By  whom? 

12(5.  Name  the  first  five  cities  of  the  United  States  in  ti  e 
order  of  their  population. 

127.  Name  the  next  three. 

128.  How  many  cities  of  the  United  States  contain  a  popu- 
lation of  between  40  and  50,000  ? 

129.  IIow  many  between  20  and  40,000  ? 

130.  How  many  between  10  and  20,000? 

QUESTIONS    ON    THE    LEAKNKll's    OWN    STATE. 

1.  In  what  city  or  town  do  you  reside  ? 

2.  In  what  county?     Bound  the  county. 

3.  In  what  State?     Bound  the  State. 

4.  Is  it  an  Eastern,  Middle,  Si  ithern,  or  Western  State? 

5.  Is  it  a  maritime  or  an  'nland  State? 

A  maritime  State  is  one  borilcriug  tlie  sea. 

0.  Does  it  contain  any  Bays,  Sounds,  Islands,  or  Capes?  If 
so,  describe  them. 

7.  Name  and  describe  all  the  rivers  in  your  State?  IIow 
long  is  each  ? 


»-A, 


a3SaiSS!«»«'i»»aMhB»w<M«(CIBiBMtM:aaiar&rt. 


( 


I 


m 


of  imports?     Of 


tc  property 'r" 

Loir '( 

ition  '1 

ring  the  Kevolu- 

old  discoveries  ? 

loiu '! 

V 
Ulll  'i 

fd  Suites  ill  ti  e 


nnooriAPincAr-  questions. 


81 


8.  What  liakes  hns  it?    Tell  where  they  are. 
Measure  by  the  ncolc,  nnil  gire  the  length  of  these  lakes. 

9.  Which  is  farthest  north  —  the  place  in  which  you  reside, 
or  Pekin,  China?  J'ari.s?  Vienna?  Constantinople?  Athens? 
Gibraltar? 

10.  In  what  latitude  is  it  situated? 

11.  What  is  Latitude? 

12.  In  what  longitude  is  your  town  situated? 

13.  Reckoning  from  Washington,  is  it  East  or  West  Lon- 
gitude ? 

14.  What  is  the  Capital?     Where  situated ? 

15.  If  your  State  be  an  inland  one,  tell  by  what  course  its 
waters  reach  the  sea. 


s  cDUtiiin  a  popu- 


I   STATE. 


Western  State? 


s 

I 


Is,  or  Capes?    If 
ur  State?     IIovv 


HISTORICAL   AND   STATISTICAt  —  «ER   TABLES. 

16.  When   was    the   State  in   which  you  reside  settled? 
Where?     By  whom? 

17.  Was  it  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States? 

18.  If  so,  when  ('.d  it  adopt  the  Constitution? 

19.  What  Sta'-es  adopted  it  in  advance  of  yours? 

20.  How  many  troops  did  it  furnish  during  the  Revolution- 
ary war? 

21.  If  not  one  of  the  original  thirteen,  when  was  it  admitted 
into  the  Union? 

22.  Mention  some  noted  event  in  its  history. 

23.  What  is  its  total  population  ?    What  was  it  in  1840? 
In  1800? 

24.  How  many  States  in  the  Union  contain  a  greater  popu- 
lation?    How  many  less? 

2.'i.  How  many  Representatives  in  Congress  is  it  entitled  to? 
26.  How  many  counties  has  it  ? 


% 


n 


OKoriRAl'llirAl.  QrKHTiONa. 


27.  How  iniiny  containing  a  population  of  more  than  50,000? 
Of  Wlwmi 'JO  find  50,000  y 

28.  How  many  ninie  tlian  the  one  in  wliich  you  reside':' 

29.  What  in  tho  population  of  your  own  county  ?     Of  your 
own  city  or  town? 

*]0.  In  wliat  direction  aro  you  from  tho  capital  of  the  State? 
Tell  by  the  Hcalc  of  niilen  Imw  fur. 

81.  Which  is  tho  most  populous  city  in  tho  State? 

82.  Which  next  in  numbers? 

iV^.  Name  all  tho  cities  and  towns  containing  nioro  than 
10,000  inhabitants.    Give  their  population  and  situation. 

84.  Wliat  are  tho  principal  agricultural  productions  of  your 
State? 

35.  What  States  exceed  it  in  amount  of  Indian  corn  raised 
in  1850?     Wheat?     Maple  sugar?     Cotton?    Tobacco? 

85.  Name  the  principal  railroads,  and  tell  their  lengths,  aud 
the  places  connected  by  them. 

30.  Name  tho  prii^cipal  canal. 

QENERAI.  QUESTIONS. 

1.  What  Ocean  lies  between  tho  United  States  and  England? 

2.  What  Ocean  between  the  United  States  and  China? 

3.  Which  is  nearest  China — San  Francisco  or  New  York? 

4.  Where  are  tho  Sandwich  Islands  ? 

5.  Through  what  waters  would  a  vessel  sail,  in  going  from 
Boston  to  tho  Sandwich  Islands  ? 

G.  Through  what,  from  New  Orleans  to  San  Francisco? 

7.  Where  is  Mount  Erebus? 

8.  Of  what  State  is  Columbus  tho  capital  ? 

9.  In  what  State  is  the  capital  situated  on  Pearl  river? 

10.  On  what  river  is  the  capital  of  Utah? 


1 


or^ 


KiO^ 


■  ->^*j%r/iv»ws^-  - 


loro  than  50,000? 

1  you  resicJoy 
louuty '{    Of  your 

italof  the  State 'i* 

)  Htjitol' 

liuing  more  than 
id  Bituation. 
)(luction3  of  your 

ndian  corn  rained 

Tobacco  'I 
their  lengths,  and 


I 


tcs  and  England '( 
and  China'/ 
or  New  York? 

ill,  in  going  from 

1  Francisco? 

Pearl  river? 


nEOlllUIMIICAr.   QIKHTIONH. 


33 


1'). 

17. 

18. 


11.  What  is  the  laij^'ost  lake  ciitiiely  within  the  limitA  of  the 
United  States '! 

\'2.  What  i.^  the  I»ij,'08t  lake  in  North  Ameriea? 

13.  Wliich  is  tlie  hirgcst  ishmd,  Ncwfouiidlund  or  Cuba? 

14.  Which  of  the  two  \\m  the  greatest  jn)puIatiou? 
Which  is  farthest  nnrtli,  Nunnivack  Island  or  Iceland? 
Whore  are  the  Aleutian  Island.s? 
On  what  island  iH  North  Cape? 
What  is  the  distance  from  the  United  States  to  Kgypt? 

19.  What  group  of  Islnnds  west  of  the  Florida  Hoefs? 

20.  Which  of  the  United  States  have  more  than  one  capital? 
lil.  What  is  the  capital  of  a  country? 

2*2.  What  is  tlie  capital  of  IJritish  America? 

23.  What  natives  inhabit  the  coast  of  Labrador? 

24.  What  settlement  on  the  northern  border  of  Minnesota? 

25.  What  part  of  the  Indian  Territory  is  occui)ied  by  the 
Cherokees? 

2(3.  What  is  the  principal  town  of  the  Ciierokeo  Nation?  Th. 

27.  What  two  rivers  unite  in  Western  I'ennsylvania,  and 
form  the  Oiiio? 

28.  To  what  European  power  docs  Greenland  belong? 

29.  Which  is  the  highest  mountain  in  North  America? 

30.  AVhieh  the  longest  river? 

31.  Which  city  has  the  greatest  population? 

81.  What  Stream  on  the  Atlantic  coast  of  North  America? 

This  is  a  rcmarkablo  stream  in  the  Atliintic  Ocean,  flowing  in  its 
narrowest  parts  at  the  rate  of  live  miles  iin  hour,  but  lessening  in  its 
rupiilify  as  it  advances  to  the  north.  The  water  of  this  Stream  is 
warmer,  anj  differs  in  color  from  tlmt  of  the  adjacent  parts  of  the 
ocean. 

33,  Tell  what  States,  Countries,  or  Islands,  the  follo\riDg 
places  are  in: 

34.  Washington.  30.  Fillmore  City. 

35.  Mexico.  87.  La  Pueblo. 


84                    oE()onAMii>  V 

.   QCKMTIONS.                                           ' 

as.  Nain. 

50.  Ilcikmvik. 

'M.  Skulholt. 

57.   Montreal. 

40.  New  York. 

5H.  Detroit. 

41.  Toronto. 

50.  Mobile. 

42.  (Quebec. 

no,  St.  Johns. 

43.   llavanii. 

(11.  New  Orlean-s. 

44.  lVirt-au-1'rinfc. 

02.  Kinj^Hton. 

tf).  Han  Salvador. 

Oa.  Huffalo. 

40.   (lulvestoii. 

<54.  St.  I'aul. 

47.  SucruFiicTito  City. 

05.  Hebron. 

48,  Key  West. 

00,  llopu(iulo. 

,                    4!).  IJoHtou. 

67.  Cincinnati. 

r)0.  Hitkn. 

()8.  St.  Louis. 

iJl.  Liebtcufek 

09.  Austin. 

k                   r.'2.  Leou. 

70.  Chicago.                             | 

■Oi].  Charleston. 

71.  Santa  Fe.                         A 

54.  San  Francisco. 

Tl.  Halifax.                             1 

55,  Oregon  City. 

7a.  Milwaukee.                       ■ 

i                74.  Wlmt   European   nations 

liavo    possessions  in   North 

'            America  ? 

f                75.  In  what  Territories  arc 

tbo  Flathead  Indians  found?       ' 

^"^■ 


Waekfect?      Utabsy 


Apaches?      Navajoes?      Comancbe.s? 
Creeks?     Sioux?     Chippewa^? 

70.  Where  are  the  Esquimaux  found? 

77.  What  Pass  is  found  in  the  south-eastern  part  of  Oregon 
Territory  ? 

All  overland  emigration  to  Utiili,  Ciilifoi-iiii,  mid  Oregon,  is  con- 
ducted through  this  Posb. 

7S.  What  is  tbo  western  part  of  Utah  called? 

79.  Where  are  the  North  Georgian  Islands  ? 

80.  Which   is    the   longer  river,  Mackenzie's  or   the   St. 
Lawrence  ? 

81.  Where  is  the  Isthmus  of  Darien? 


■^^o^^^*«^'eim'imaamm»iMeitmB^tsti0asxms^mtmisa^mH)^»twKi,^- 


luvik. 

real. 

>it. 

lo. 

olins. 

( )ilcaii«. 

HtOII. 

lo. 
aul. 

liulo. 
inati. 
3ui8. 
n. 
150. 
Fe. 

IX. 

lukco. 

isions  in   North 

Indiana  found? 
ifect?      Utahs? 


part  of  Oregon 
I  Oregon,  is  con- 
1? 
ie's  or  the  St. 


ai:uuu.\i>iiicAt.  yuKMTioNt. 


MAI'S  NO.S.  V.  AND  VH. 


85 


CANAPA,  NEW  BRUNSWICK,  ETC. 

1.  Wliat  rivur  and  lakcH  soutii  of  Canada  Went? 

2.  What  river  butwtrn  Canada  Kiwt  and  Canada  Wt'st? 

3.  What  Country  and  I'rovincr  Houtli  of  Canada  Kuat? 

4.  What  <iulf  on  thi!  oast'/ 

5.  What  i.s  tiic  cajiital  of  Canada?     Qc. 

6.  What  is  tho  hirgcst  city?     Ml. 

7.  On  what  river  uro  thcHO  cities  situated? 

H.  What  three  cities  on  Lake  Ontario?     lln.,  To.,  Kn. 
•J.   M'hat  four  lakes  in  Canada  West?     Ng.,  Mo.,  Co.,  Se. 

10.  What  four  lakes  in  (^anad.  Kn>il?     Tg  ,  H.  Jn.,  S.  Vr., 
and  Ta. 

11.  What  lake  partly  in  New  Hampshire? 

12.  What  river  flows  from  Lake  St.  Jolin. 


Mg. 


LJ.  How  long  is  tho  St.  Lawrence  river? 


Ai. 


14.  IJound  New  Urunswiek.     Nova  Scotia. 

15.  What  island  north-cast  of  New  Urunswick? 
IG.  What  north-cast  of  Nova  Scotia?     C.  lln. 

17.  What  north  of  Nova  Scotia?     P.  Ks. 

18.  What  group  between  New  Brunswick  and  Newfound- 
land? Mn. 

19.  What  bay  north  of  New  Brunswick?     East? 

20.  What  three   south?     What   Strait  separates   "t  from 
I'rinco  Edward's  Island? 

21.  What  separates   I'rinco   Edward's   Island   from   Nova 
Scotia?     G.  of  Co. 

22.  What  Banks  near  Nova  Scotia  and  Newfoundland? 

These  blink",  especially  tlie  Grand  Unnic  cast  of  Newfoundland, 
are  noted  for  tlie  vast  quantities  of  codfish  caught  there. 

23.  Name  tho  bays  on  the  coast  of  Newfoundland. 


m 


Uv.^  „. 


36 


GEOGRAPHICAL   QUESTIONS. 


24.  What  cape  on  the  north?     On  the  south? 

25.  What  two  islands  south  of  Newfoundland? 

26.  To  what  European  power  do  they  belong? 

27.  What  cape  south  of  Nova  Scotia? 

28.  Tell  in  what  Province,  and  on  what  waters,  the  following 
cities  f.nd  towns  are  situated : 


29.  Halifax. 

37. 

Louisburg. 

30.  St.  John. 

38. 

Sydney. 

31.  Harbour  Grace. 

39. 

Quebec. 

32.  Montreal. 

40. 

Hamilton. 

33.  Toronto. 

41. 

London. 

34.  Pictou. 

42. 

Three  Rivers. 

35.  Fredcrickton. 

43. 

Kingston. 

36.  St.  John's. 

44. 

Maiden. 

i 


45.  What  mines  near  Sydney  and  Pictoa? 

46.  What  two  canals  in  Canada?     What  do  they  connect? 

47.  What  river  rises  in  Maine,  and  flows   through   New 
Brunswick  ? 

48.  For  what  is  the  Bay  of  Fundy  noted? 
A.  For  its  high  tides. 

STATISTICAL. 

49.  Which  is  the  larger,  Canada  East  or  Canada  West  ? 

50.  Which  has  the  greatest  population? 

51.  In  which  Province  is  the  capital  of  Canada? 

52.  Which  has  the  greater  population.  Nova  Scotia  or  New 
Brunswick  ?     Halifax  or  St.  John  ? 


MAP   NO.  VIII.,   EASTERN    STATES. 

1.  How  many,  and  what,  are  the  Eastern  States? 

2.  By  what  other  name  are  they  also  known? 

3.  What  Province  on  the  north  of  them  ? 


M'W»«i*sy««e4«-8«4-'-»5,.-.«^'*A'&v*»j*sS4&.es^^a^ 


n. 


GEOORAPniCAL  QUESTIONS. 


37 


kh? 
,nd? 

'S? 


tcrs,  the  following 


sburg. 

ley. 

lec. 

ilton. 

on. 

Q  Rivers. 

;8ton. 

en. 


0  they  connect? 
rs   through   New 


anada  West  ? 


nada? 

iva  Scotia  or  New 


ES. 


Itatoa? 
n? 


4.  What  Ocean  and  Sound  en  the  south? 

5.  What  Province  and  Ocean  on  the  east? 

6.  What  States  and  Province  on  the  west? 

7.  Which  is  the  largest  of  the  Eastern  States? 

8.  Which  is  the  smallest? 

9.  Which  of  them  extends  farthest  north  and  east? 

10.  Which  farthe^it  south  and  west  ? 

11.  Tell  where  the  following  islands  are  situated,  and  to  what 
State  they  respectively  belong : 


12.  Fisher's!, 

13.  Block!. 

14.  Nantucket- 

15.  Martha'h  Vinoj'ard. 
IG.  Elizabeth  Isles. 
17.  Isle  of  Shoals. 


18.  Fox  Isles. 

19.  Mount  Desert. 

20.  Deer  I. 

21.  Scale's  I. 

22.  North  Hero. 

23.  South  Hero. 


24.  What  three  Capes  on  the  coast  of  Maine? 

25.  What  three  on  the  coast  of  IMassachusetts  ? 
20.  What  Point  south  of  Rhode  Island  ? 

27.  What  mountain  in  Maine?     How  high  is  it? 

28.  What  mountains  in  New  Hampshire? 

29.  What  and  how  high  is  the  highest  peak? 
80.  What  mountains  in  Vermont? 

31.  What  two  peaks  in  the  western  part  of  Massachusetts? 
B.  Pk.,  Se. 

32.  Where  is  Mount  Tom?  Meant  Ilolyoke?  Wachusctt 
Mountain?     Mansfield  Mop'^..ain? 

33.  In  what  State,  and  on  what  river  or  body  of  water,  are 
the  following  cities  or  towns? 

[Teachers  who  desire  more  minute  answers,  may  call  for  the  popu- 
lation of  the  different  places,  and  the  direction  and  distance  by  thi" 
scale  of  miles  from  that  in  which  the  recitation  is  going  on,  or  from  any 
given  place ;  as,  supposing  the  recitation  to  be  heard  in  Boston,  the 

4 


38 


GEOGRAPHICAL   QUESTIONS. 


i. 


teacher  nsk.i,   "  Wlmt  is  the  population  of  Providencf? 
liri.'ction,  ami  how  far,  is  it  from  Boston?"] 


Id  what 


34. 

Boston. 

48. 

Belfast. 

35. 

Providence. 

49. 

Nantucket. 

36. 
37. 

Bangor. 
Portsmouth. 

50. 
51. 

Burlington. 
Saco. 

38. 

New  Bedford. 

52. 

Gloucester. 

39. 

Portland. 

53. 

Thomas  ton. 

40. 

New  London. 

54. 

Salem. 

41. 
42. 
43. 
44. 

Newburyport. 
Eastport. 
Newport. 
Fall  River. 

55. 
56. 
57. 

58. 

Plymouth. 
Ipswich. 
Bristol. 
New  Haven 

45. 
40. 

Stonington. 
Marblchead. 

59. 
60. 

Edgartown. 
Bath. 

47. 

Hartford. 

61. 

Barnstable. 

The  above  are  the  principal  places  in  New  England  engaged  in 
'■ouimerce  and  the  fisheries. 

62.  Tell  in  what  State,  and  ov  or  near  what  river,  the  fol- 
lowing cities  and  towns  are  situated: 


H 


G3. 

Augusta. 

75. 

Norwich. 

64. 

Concord. 

76. 

Smithfield. 

65. 

Montpelier. 

77. 

Cambridge. 

66. 

Amherst. 

78. 

Rutland. 

07. 

Waterville. 

79. 

Brunswick. 

08. 

Andovcr. 

80. 

Hallowell. 

09. 

Pittsfield. 

81. 

Charlestown. 

70. 

Manchester. 

82. 

Dover. 

71. 

Taunton. 

83. 

Brattloboro'. 

72. 

Nashua. 

84. 

Lawrence. 

73. 

Green  Seld. 

85. 

Worcester. 

74, 

Lowell. 

86. 

Lynn. 

1C8. 


t-aiiisasMtaiitMawataaBaMateaif^t 


^Pte 


ridencf?     In  what 

ist. 

tucket. 

ington. 

icester. 
naston. 
n. 

lOUtll. 

ich. 
iol. 

Haven, 
rtown. 

stable. 

ngland  engaged  in 

lat  river,  the  fol- 


r.EOORAI'inCAL    QUESTIONS. 


39 


87.  Springfield.  !)1.  Gardiner. 

88.  Dartmouth.  92.  lloxbury. 

89.  Middlebury.  93.  Exeter. 

90.  Norwich.  94.  Jliddletown. 

The  obovo  are  the  principal  inland  and  manufacturing  cities  and 
towns  of  New  England. 

[It  is  suggested  to  teachers  that  the  general  information  of  their 
pupils  may  bo  tested  by  asliing  them  with  reference  to  the  places 
above  named,  as  al-i  to  otliers  which  shall  appear  herc:ifter,  sucii 
questions  as  the  following:  Which  of  those  places  are  mostly  engaged 
in  foreign  commerce?  Which  in  internal  commerce?  Which  are 
noted  manufacturing  towns  ?  Which  contain  colleges  or  universitios  ? 
Which  are  particularly  noted  in  history,  and  for  what  ?  These,  and 
iiuestions  of  a  similar  character,  are  left  to  the  discretion  of  the 
teacher.] 

95.  What  Peninsula  on  the  eastern  coast  of  Massachusetts? 

96.  What  river  flows  from  Maine  through  New  Brunswick? 

97.  What  rivers  form  a  part  of  the  boundary  line  between 
Maine  and  New  Brunswick  ? 

98.  What  are  the  principal  rivers  of  Maine?    Pt     Kc 
An.,  So. 

99.  Into  what  bay  does  the  St.  Croix  river  flow  ?  The  Pe- 
nobscot?     Saco? 

100.  On  what  bay  is  Portland? 

101.  What  two  bays  east  of  Massachusetts? 

102.  What  one  south? 

103.  What  river  between  Vermont  and  New  Hampshire? 

104.  Through  what  States,  and  into  what  body  of  water, 
Joes  it  flow? 

105.  What  river  of  Massachusetts  flows  into  the  Atlantic 
Ocean  ? 

lOG.  Of  what  lake  does  it  form  the  outlet? 

107.  What  three  rivers  flow  into  Long  Island  Sound? 

1C8.  What  river  flows  from  Massachusetts  into  the  Hudson? 


ml 


m 


jr'i 


40 


GEOaUAl'UICAL  QUESTIONS. 


109.  What  rivers  flow  into  Lake  Chaniplain? 

110.  Where  is  Lake  Chaniplain? 

111.  Through  what  rivers  do  its  waters  reach  the  sea? 

112.  What  is  the  largest  lake  in  Maine? 

113.  What  lake  is  partly  in  Vermont  and  partly  in  Canada? 

114.  How  many  railroads  centro  in  Worcester  ?  Springfield ? 
Pittsfiold?     Groton  Junction  ?     Andover?     Kcene? 

Tliese  places  ore  noted  railroad  centres. 

115.  How  many  railroads  diverge  from  Boston?  Portland? 
New  Haven? 

110.  Through  what  principal  places  would  you  pass,  pro- 
ceeding by  railroad  from  Boston  to  Albany?  Boston  to  New 
York? 

117.  Through  what,  procceJing  from  Boston  to  Burlington, 
Vt.  ?     Name  the  places  by  two  different  routes. 

118.  Through  what,  from  Boston  to  Watcrville,  Me.  ?  Bos- 
ton to  Stouington,  Ct.  ? 

STATISTICAL. 

119.  Which  of  the  New  England  States  has  the  greatest 
amount  of  population? 

120.  Name  the  States  in  the  order  of  their  population. 

121.  Which  is  the  most  thickly  settled? 

122.  Which  is  the  least  thickly  settled? 

123.  How  many  cities  in  New  England  contain  a  population 
of  more  than  10,000? 

124.  How  many  in  Massachusetts?  Maine?  Connecticut? 
New  Hampshire?     llhode  Island? 

MM'   NO.  IT. —  MIDDXiE   STATES. 

1.  What  are  the  :Middle  States?     (See  p.  24,  q.  5.) 

2.  What  Provinces  on  the  north  ? 

3.  What  section  and  ocean  on  the  east? 


i 


0 


OEOnRAPnirAf,  QUESTIONS. 


41 


in; 

aoh  tho  sea? 

partly  in  Canada  ? 
tcr  1  Springfield  ? 
Keene  'i 

iston?    Portland'/ 

Id  you  pass,  pro- 
Boston  to  New 

ton  to  Burlington, 

DS.  I 

■;i 

rvillc,  Me.  ?     Bos-     j 


Las  the  greatest 

r  population. 

') 
J 

utain  a  population 
le?     Connecticut? 

ES. 

24,  q.  5.) 


4.  What  .section  on  the  south? 

5.  What  sections  on  the  west? 

G.  Which  of  the  Midtlle  States  is  the  largest?     N.  Yk. 
T.   U'hich  is  least  in  size? 

8.  Which  extcnJs  farthest  north  and  east? 

9.  Which  extends  farthest  south? 

10.  Which  farthest  west  ? 

11.  What  two  islands  eouth-eas*  of  New  York? 

12.  What  one  between  Lakes  Erie  and  Ontario? 

13.  To  what  State  do  these  islands  belong?    N.  Yk. 

14.  What  two  capes  ut  the  entrance  of  Delaware  Bay? 

15.  What  cape  east  of  Staten  Island?    S.  Ilk. 

10.  What  mountains  in  the  northern  part  of  New  York  ? 

17.  What  is  the  highest  peak?     What  is  its  height? 

18.  AVhat  mountains  west  of  the  Hudson  river? 

19.  How  high  arc  they? 

20.  What  mountains  in  the  south-eastern  part  of  the  State 
of  New  York? 

21.  What  four  ranges  in  Pennsylvania? 

22.  In  what  direction  do  they  extend? 

23.  Which  of  them  is  %thest  cast? 

24.  Which  farthest  west? 

25.  In  what  State,  and  where,  are  the  following  cities  and 
towns  situated?     (See  p.  37,  q.  33.) 


2G.  New  York. 

27.  Philadelphia. 

28.  Brooklyn. 

29.  Wilmington. 

30.  Newark. 

31.  Buffalo. 

32.  Erie. 

33.  llocbcster. 

34.  Pittsburg. 
4* 


35.  Oswego. 

36.  New  Brunswick. 

37.  Newcastle. 

38.  Jersey  City. 
89.  Ogdensburg. 

40.  Whitehall. 

41.  Camden. 

42.  Dunkirk. 

43.  Albany. 


mm* 


42 


nEouRArmcAL  questions 


J 


^^-  'fi-oy.  40.  Hudson. 

45.  riattsburg.  47.  I'oughkeepsie. 

The  above  l=st  comprises  moat  of  the  commercial  cities  and  towns 
of  the  Middle  8tntcs. 

40.  Describe  the  following  cities  nnd  towns: 

47.  Ilarrisburg. 

48.  Trenton. 

49.  Dover. 

50.  Lancaster. 


6S.  Heading. 
Sjracu.se. 


51.  ii^chcncctady. 

5.'  Allegbcny  City. 

■  '•".  I'aterson. 

54.  EIniira. 

55.  Pottsvillc. 
50.  Newburg. 
57.  York. 


59. 

00.  IJurlington. 

01.  Utica. 

02.  Saratoga. 

03.  Princeton. 

04.  Lockport. 

05.  Easton. 
GO.  King.ston. 

07.  Wc-'  ?oint. 

08.  Elizabethtown. 


09.  What  noted  watering-place  in  the  southern  part  of  New 
Jersey  ? 

A.  The  city  of  Cupe  Island,  commonly  known  as  Cape  May. 

70.  What  noted  Springs  in  New  York? 

A.  Saratogft,  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State,  north  of  the  Mohawk 
river. 

These  Springs  are  annually  visited  by  thousands  in  search  of  he  iltb, 
or  travelling  for  pleasure. 

71.  What  great  natural  curiosity  in  "Western  New  York? 
A.  The  Falls  of  Niagara. 

These  Falls,  though  surpassed  in  height  by  ,?ome  others,  are  un- 
cqualkMl  in  the  amount  of  water  which  passes  over  them,  and  in  the 
grandeur  and  sublimity  of  the  scenery  surrounding  them.  They  are 
considered  the  greatest  natural  curiosity  on  the  globe. 

72.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  boundary  between  New 
Jersey  and  New  York  !* 

73.  IIow  far  is  this  river  navigable?     How  long  is  it? 


tc.>s.<;*aji<*a*: 


i 


'j|| 


on. 

ikeepsie. 

I  citiea  and  towua 


use. 
igtoii. 

ga. 

iton. 

ort. 

1. 

ton. 

"x'oint. 

icthf.own. 

;rn  part  of  New 

Cape  May. 

th  of  the  Mohawk 

search  of  he  iltb, 

New  York? 

i  others,  are  un- 
hem,  mid  in  the 
tliera.  They  are 
c. 

J  between  New 


sng  is  it? 


OKOORAl'HICAI-  QUESTIONS. 


IP 


43 


74.  What  is  its  p-incipal  branch? 

75.  What  river  separates  New  York  and  Canada? 

70.  What  three  rivers  of  New  York  flow  into  Lake  Ontario? 

77.  AVhat  two  into  Lake  Chauii)Iaiu  ? 

78.  What  river  connects  Lakes  Erie  and  Ontario? 

79.  Wliat  river  separates  New  Jersey  and  I'enn.-^ylvauia? 

80.  What  river  flows  into  Chesapeake  ]}ay? 

81.  What  are  the  principal  branches  of  the  Susriuehanua '^ 
N.  IJh.,  AV.  I}h.,  Ja. 

82.  What  two  rivers  of  Pennsylvania  flow  into  the  Dela- 
ware?    Lh.,  SI. 

83.  What  are  the   two  principal   rivers  of  New  Jersey''' 
Kn.,  Pc.  ■ 

84.  What  great  river  heads  in  Western  Pennsylvania?     Oo. 

85.  What  two  rivers  unite  at  Pittsburg  and  constitute  the 
Ohio? 

86.  Where  does  the  Alleghany  rise?     The  Monongahela? 

87.  What  river  in  the  western  part  of  Pennsylvania  flows 
into  the  Ohio? 

88.  What  body  of  water  north  of  Long  Island? 

89.  What  two  harbors  on  the  coast  of  New  Jersey? 

90.  What  bay  east  of  Delaware? 

91.  What  bay  between  Delaware  and  New  Jersey? 

92.  What  lake  north  of  Pennsylvania? 

93.  What  two  lakes  north  of  New  York  ? 

94.  What  lake  separates  New  York  from  Vermont? 

95.  Where  is  Lake  George  ?     Describe  it. 

96.  What  lakes  in  Western  New  York? 

97.  Through  what  principal  places  would  you  pass,  proceed- 
ing by  railroad  from  New  York  to  Dunkirk?  New  York  to 
Albany?     New  York  to  Philadelphia? 

98.  Through  what,  from  Albany  to  Buffalo? 

99.  Through  what  places,  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburg? 


■:m 


44 


OEOdRAPHlCAIi  QUESTIONS, 


■.   i 


il 


W, 


1 


-J. 
•■■A*. 


100.  What  groat  eaiml  in  Nov/  York,  and  wliat,  points  arc 
connected  by  it? 

A.  The  Krie  ("uniil,  counoct'mg  Albany  and  Uuft'alo. 

101.  AN'iiat  river  and  lake  arc  connected  by  this  canal i* 

102.  What  two  rivers  and  places  arc  connected  by  the  31  orris 
Canal? 

103.  How  is  nienhandi.so  usually  transported  from  rhiludcl- 
pbia  to  Pittsburg? 

A.  Ily  railronil  from  I'liiliulcliihia  to  Cdhinibiu;  tlicnoo  l)y  cfinnl  to 
IloUidaysburjr,  at  the  fdnt  of  the  Alk'(r,huny  Mountains;  thence  by 
ri 'Iroad  (intliniMl  }iIiiiion)  over  tlie  niountaitis,  and  by  canal  to 
I'ittsburg. 

104.  Descending  the  Hudson  river,  what  towns  would  you 
pass  on  the  right  bank?     Wnat  on  the  lei't? 

105.  What,  descending  the  Delaware  ? 

STATISTICAL. 

lOG.  Which  of  the  Middle  States  in  the  largest? 

107.  Which  next  in  size? 

108.  Which  is  least  in  size? 

109.  Which  has  the  greatest  population? 

110.  AVhieh  next  in  amount? 

111.  Which  is  most  densely  settled? 

112.  Which  has  increased  most  in  population  duriug  iue 
last  30  years?     20  years?     10  years? 

113.  Which  is  the  most  populous  city? 

114.  Which  next  in  size? 

115.  How  many  contain  a  population  of  more  than  40,000? 

116.  How  many  in  New  York  contain  a  population  of  more 
than  10,000?  How  many  in  Pennsylvania?  New  Jersey? 
Delaware  ? 

117.  Name  these  cities  in  each  of  the  above  States. 


.!*»*««».■. 


1. 

Ho 

24,  q 

.  7.^ 

2. 

Wii 

M.  S 

1, 

3. 

Wh 

4. 

Wl 

•"). 

Wi 

tj. 

\Vh 

7. 

Wh 

8. 

^\'h 

0. 

Wh 

10 

w 

11 

w 

The  firs 

on  this  is 

Jaraestowr 

12, 

w 

13. 

w 

and  Ts. 

14. 

w 

15. 

w 

16. 

w 

17 

w 

18. 

w 

Map 

No. 

19. 

Of 

a  Peninsi 

20. 

w 

21. 

w 

1- 


what,  points  arc 

this  canal '! 

;ed  by  the  IMovris 

id  from  rhiladcl- 

thoircfi  Jiy  cdiml  to 
ntiiiiis ;  tliouce  by 
anil    by    c'liiial   to 

towns  would  you 


gcst  ? 


ation  duriug  iue 


ore  than  40,000? 
)pulation  of  more 
?     New  Jersey? 

e  States. 


I 


aEonn.\nncAT,  questions. 


MAl'.S  N(IS.  XI.,  XII.,  XIII.,  AND  XIV. 


46 


tj. 
7. 
s. 
<). 


wd  tiii:r.\  htate.s. 

1.  How  many  and  what  are  the  Southern  States!*  (See  p. 
21,  q.  7.) 

2.  What  ioctions  of  the  Union  on  the  north?  W.  Ss., 
M.  Sa. 

3.  What  gulf  on  the  .south? 

4.  What  ocean  on  the  east  ? 
What  section  and  country  on  the  west? 
Which  of  them  extends  farthest  north?     Va. 
Which  farthest  cast?     Md. 
Which  farthest  south?     Fa. 
Which  farthest  west?     Ts. 

10.  What  island  in  Chesapeake  IJay  east  of  Annapolis? 

11.  What  is'  lud  cast  of  North  Carolina? 

Tlic  first  attempt  to  fouml  nn  Knglish  colony  in  America  was  niaJe 
ou  this  isliind,  in  l.")85,  twenty-two  ycnr*  before  tlio  sfttlenient  of 
Jamestown.     It  was,  however,  abaniloned  tlio  following  your. 

12.  W^hat  i.sland  cast  of  Georgia?     Cd. 

13.  W'hat  two  groups  south-west  of  Florida?  F.  Rs., 
and  Ts. 

14.  What  two  islands  south?     Dg.,  St.  Gs. 

15.  What  islands  east  of  Louisiana  ?     Cr. 

16.  What  two  south?    L.  Cx.,  Sp. 

17.  What  islands  on  the  coast  of  Texas? 

18.  Which  of  the  Southern  States  is  a  Peninsula?  (See 
.Map  No.  V.) 

19.  Of  which  State  do  two  of  the  eastern  counties  constitute 
a  Peninsula? 

20.  W^hat  two  capes  at  the  mouth  of  Chesapeake  Bay? 
•21.  What  three  caat  of  North  Carolina? 


w 


i 


46 


(IKOIIIlAI-incAr.   gUEHTIUNS. 


22.  WImt  dill'  I'liMt  of  Smith  Carolinn? 

2.'{.  AN'liat  two  fiwt  of  Floridui' 

24.  Into  what  waters  do  thcso  cupos  extend? 

25.  AVliat  caiie  at  tlio  Houthcm  extremity  of  Florida? 
20.  What  two  extend  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico y 

27.  What  range  of  niountaius  forma  a  part  of  tho  western 
boundary  of  Virginia? 

2>'.  What   range   forms    tho   wodtern   boundary  of  North 
Carolina? 

20.  Through  what  Southern  StatcB  docs  tho  lilue  llidgc 
extend  ? 

80.  What  mountains  extend  into  Alabama? 
ni.  In  what  State  is  Ulack  Mountain ? 
32.  Of  what  ridge  is  it  one  of  tho  peaks? 
S3.  IIow  high  is  it? 

34.  What  swamp   is   partly  in   TNIaryland,  and   partly  in 
Delaware  ? 

35.  What  partly  in  Virginia,  and  partly  in  North  Carolina? 

36.  What  swamp  in  tho  southern  part  of  Georgia? 

87.  In  what  State,  and  on  what  river  or  body  of  water,  arc 
tho  following  cities  and  towns? 

38.  Baltimore. 

30.  New  Orleans. 

40.  Washington. 

41.  Charlestm. 


I 


42.  Richmond. 

43.  Mobile. 

44.  Savannah. 

45.  Norfolk. 

46.  I'etorsburg. 

47.  Wheeling, 


48.  Annapolis. 
40.  Raleigh. 
50.  Columbia. 
61.  Milledgcville. 

52.  Tallahassee. 

53.  Montgomery. 

54.  Jackson. 

55.  Baton  Rougo. 

56.  Austin. 

57.  St.  Augustine. 


'p 


()E0(JH.M'II1C.\L  yUESTIONS.                             4f 

5>*.  In  what  part  of  iho 

State  to  which  they  belong,  and  ou 

I: 

"V  nuar  what  river  or  body 

of  water,  are  tho  following  towns? 

f  Florida? 

Maryland. 

(Icorgia. 

xico'/ 

GO.  l!uinbtrland. 

80.  Augusta. 

rt  of  tho  western 

GO.   Frederick. 

81.  Columbus. 

undary  of  North 

1           01.   IIager»town. 

82.  Macon. 

i't'2.  Cambridge. 

8;j.  Atlanta. 

(iJi.  KuHton. 
■                     Virginia, 

84.  Athens. 

tho  Blue  llidgo 

Florida. 

f 

04.  Alexandria. 

85.   Apniiiehieolu. 

()5.  Fredericksburg. 

80.   Key  West. 

00.  I'ortHUiouth. 

87.  I'ensacola. 

*          07.  Lynchbmg. 

88.  Jacksonville. 

08.  Harper's  Ferry. 

,  and   partly   iu    ' 

09.  Winchester. 

Jilabama. 

,          70.  Yorktown. 

89.  Gainesville. 

North  Carolina? 

1             •     y 

'          71.  Charlottesvillo. 

90.  Selma. 

91.  Tuscaloosa. 

jicorgiaf 

JVorth  Carolina. 

92.  Tuscumbia. 

jody  of  water,  arc 

72.  Wilmington. 

93.  Decatur. 

73.  Edenton. 

94.  Florence. 

apolis. 

74.  Newborn. 

95.  Iluutsville. 

igh. 

75.  Fayettcvillc. 

nibia. 

jdgcville.                 1 

70.  Chapel  Hill. 

Mississippi, 

90.  Natchez. 

thassee. 

South  Carolina, 

97.  Vicksburg. 

tgoniery. 

77.  Greenville. 

98.  Columbus. 

son. 

78.  Georgetown. 

99.  Aberdeen. 

n  Rougo. 

79.  Camden. 

100.  Holly  8pring.s. 

iu. 

101.  Grand  Gulf. 

Lugustine, 


■1  .^ 


48 


O.'^IRAPIIlrAr.   QlirMTfONS. 


I  ' 


Louiiiana. 
lO'i,  Slircvcprt. 

103.  Uiiyou  yurn. 

104.  Donuhlsimville. 

Texas. 

105.  Galveston. 
100.  Houston. 


107.   Hrowncvillo. 
lOM,  Sun  Antonio. 


100. 
110. 
111. 
llli. 
li:i. 


Miitagonla. 
I'ort  Lavucca. 
In<lianoln. 
Victoria. 
MarHLull. 


114.  Nucogdochcs. 
Sco  Note  iinilep  (|ucRtion  Itl,  page  39. 

lir).  What  District  in  included  in  the  Southern  States? 
11(5.  Between  wliat  two  States  is  it  situated? 
117.  AVhat  two  cities  docs  it  contain? 
llH.   Tpon  what  river  arc  they  situdted? 

119.  What  Spring,s  in  Virginia?     II.  Ss.,  W,  S.s.,  W.  S,  Ss. 
The  Viri;inia  Springs  arc  much  visitej  hy  invalids,  nnd  tlio  water 

is  found  very  bcnoflcial  in  many  diseases. 

1'20.   What  great  natural  curiosity  near  tiie  \'irL'inia  SpriiiL's'' 
N.  lie.  -lb 

121.  What  State  is  intersected  by  Clicsapeakc  Bay? 

122.  Where  arc  Hampton  Roads? 

12.'J.  What  two  Sounds  cast  of  North  Carolina? 

124.  What  one  ca.Ht  of  South  Carolina? 

125.  What  bay  cast  of  South  Carolina? 

120.  Name  the  Biiy.s  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexinr 

127.  What  lakis  in  Florida? 

128.  What  two  in  the  eastern  part  of  Lcmmum^ 

129.  What  two  in  the  north-west? 

130.  What  three  in  the  south-west? 

131.  What  river  separates  Maryland  «Dd  Virginia? 

132.  Into  what  does  it  flow? 

133.  W' hat  three  other  principal  nrers  flow  into  Chesapeake 
Bay? 


m,' 


wnxvillo. 
Antonio, 

iigonlii. 
t  Lavucca. 
anola. 
oria. 
hLuII. 
I'gdochcs. 
3'j. 

thorn  States? 


^y.  ss.,  w.  s.  Sm. 

iliils,  and  the  water 
Virginia  Sjirings? 
;akc  Iky'/ 
olina? 


OKOnRAI'lMfAr-   QlfiHTrO.VS. 


41) 


/^ifgiuia  ? 

7  into  Chesapeake 


1:54.  Wimt  two  river«  unito  and  form  tho  Uappulmniidck';' 
l.'!.''>.   What  twii  unite  nnii  fortn  fho  York? 
One  of  tliOMo  rivcru  in  roriiifil  from  tlio  .Mat,  Ta,  To,  aixl  Ny— 
Miittapony, 

l:iO.  What  two  rivtr.H  flow  into  Albi-niarlo  Hound ? 

l.'fT.   What  two  into  I'junlim  Sound? 

1.'{H.  Into  what  docH  the  Cujio  Fear  onipt}  ? 

VW    What  rivers  of  South  Carolina  flow  into  the  Atlantic? 

140.  At  the  inton^ection  of  what  two  rivorH  iit  Charleston 
Hituatcd? 

I  U    What  river  BOparates  South  Carolina  and  Georgia? 

I  12.  What  throe  rivers  of  Georgia  flow  into  the  Atiantie' 

14!}.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  boundary  botwocH 
Georgia  and  Florida? 

144.  What  two  rivers  unito  and  form  tho  Alutamalm? 

145.  AVliat  river  of  Florida  flows  into  tho  Atlantic? 

14t).  What  arc  tho  most  important  flowing  into  the  Gnlt  of 
Mexico?     Se.,  Aa. 

147.  What  two  rivers  unite  to  form  the  Apalachieola .' 

148.  What  river  separates  Georgia  and  Alabama? 

149.  What  river  separates  Alabama  and  Florida? 

150.  What  river  flows  into  Mobile  Bay? 

151.  W^hat  two  rivers  constitute  the  Mobile  river? 

152.  In  what  State  does  the  Tombigby  river  take  its  rise  ? 

153.  What  is  its  principal  branch  ?     I{.  Wr. 

154.  What  two  rivers  unite  and  form  tho  Alabama? 

155.  What  river  in  the  northern  part  of  Alabama? 

156.  What  two  rivers  flow  from  Jlississippi  into  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico  ? 

157.  What  great  river  flows  through  Louisiana? 
The  entire  length  of  tho  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries  is  estimated 

fit  51,000  milesL     Its  uuvigable  waters  arc  computed  to  exceed  20,000 
uiilett  iu  length. 

5 


v^O:. 


50 


OEOORAPHICAI.  QUESTIONS. 


1 58.  What  arc  the  principal  tributaries  of  the  Mississippi  in 
Louisiana?     In  Mississippi? 

159.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  in  the 
State  of  Mississippi? 

IGO.  What  two  in  Louisiana? 
Ifil.  Wiiat  river  separates  liouisiana  and  Texas? 
]<t .'.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  Clalveston  Bay? 
in:;.  What  one  into  Matap;otxla  Bay? 

164.  What  two  into  Espiiitu  Santo  Bay? 

165.  What  one  into  Corpus  Oliristi  Bay? 

166.  What  river  separates  Texas  from  Mexico? 

167.  What  is  the  principal  tributary  of  the  Rio  Grande? 

168.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  northern  boundary  of 
texas? 

169.  Most  of  the  rivers  of  the  Southern  States  flow  in  the 
same  general  direction.     W^hat  is  that  direction? 

A.  South,  or  south-east. 

With  the  exception  of  the  St.  John's  in  Florida,  the  Tennessee  in 
Alabama,  and  the  rivers  of  Western  Virginia,  there  is  scarcely  a 
departure  from  this  general  course. 

170.  What  river  forms  the  north-western  boundary  of  Vir- 


gmia 


?     Oo. 


171.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  boundary  between  Vir- 
ginia and  Kentucky? 

172.  What  two  river.?  of  Western  Virginia  flow  into  the 
Ohio?     Ka.,  Ge. 

173.  W^hich  of  the  Southern  States  have  made  most  progress 
in  internal  improvements?     Md.,  Va.,  N.  C,  S.  C,  Ga. 

174.  Through  what  cities  or  towns  would  you  pass,  proceed- 
ing from  Baltimore  to  Cumberland  by  railroad?  In  what 
direction  would  you  travel  ? 

175.  What  are  the  two  great  travelled  routes  from  Balti- 
more to  Charleston,  S.  C.  ? 


I 


I 


I 


185.  \ 

186.  \ 

187.  \ 

188.  \ 

189.  T 

190.  T 


ill 


■miiUj^j: 


mk 


I 


he  Missisisippi  in 
of  Mexico  in  the 

'exas? 
[3ay? 


ico? 

!  Rio  Grande  ? 

lern  boundary  of 

tates  flow  in  the 
tion? 

,  the  Tennessee  in 
here  is  scarcely  a 

boundary  of  Vir- 

lary  between  Vir- 

iia,  flow  into  the 

ade  most  progress 
S.  C,  Oa. 
'ou  pass,  procced- 
road?     In  what 


utes  from  Balti- 


GEOORAPHICAI,   QUESTIONS. 


'.l 


A.  1.  From  Baltimore  to  Washington  by  railroad  ;  thence  to  a  poii.t 
on  the  Potomac  river,  by  steamboat;  thence  to  Wilmington,  N.  C,  I)y 
railroad  ;  and  to  Charleston  by  steamboat. 

A.  2.  I5y  steamboat  to  Portsmouth,  Va. ;  thence  by  railroad  t.. 
Wilmington ;  and  to  Charleston  by  steamboat. 

176.  V^hat  is  the  principal  travelled  route  from  Charleston 
to  New  Orleans  ? 

A  By  railroad  to  Montgomery,  Ala. ;  thence  by  steamboat  to  a 
point  on  Lake  Pontchartrain  ;  thence  by  railroad  to  New  Orleans. 

177.  Tell  through  what  States,  what  bodies  of  water,  acro.?s 
what  rivers,  and  through  or  near  what  cities  and  towns,  you 
would  pass  by  these  routes. 

178.  Through  what  places  would  you  pass,  proceeding  from 
Savannah,  Ga.,  to  Charleston,  Tenn. 

179.  What  is  the  principal  railroad  in  Mississippi? 

180.  What  places  are  connected  by  it? 

181.  What  large  town  in  Virginia  is  connected  with  Rich- 
mond by  canal? 

182.  To  what  place  in  Maryland  does  the  canal  from  George- 
town, D.  C,  extend? 

183.  What  sound  in  North  Carolina,  and  bay  in  Virginia, 
lire  connected  by  canal  ? 

184.  Through  what  does  this  canal  extend?     D.  Sp. 

STATISTICAL. 

185.  Which  is  the  largest  of  the  Southern  States? 

186.  Which  next  in  size?     Which  next? 

187.  Which  is  the  smallest  of  the  Southern  States? 

188.  Which  has  the  greatest  population? 

189.  Which  next?     Next?    Which  has  least? 

190.  Which  is  most  densely  settled? 

191.  Which  next?    Which  least? 


m 


r^w^' 


% 


52 


GEOORAPIIICAL  QUESTIO.VS. 


192.  Which  has  the  greatest  number  of  slavey'     Whitli 
least  ? 

193.  Which  produces  the  gi'catest  amount  of  cotton? 

194.  Which  produces  the  greatest  amount  of  sugar? 

195.  Which  the  greatest  amount  of  tobacco?     Indian  corn? 
190.  Which  is  the  largest  city?     Next  in  size?     Next? 
197.  How  many  have  a  population  of  more  than  10,000? 
19^^.  Name  them,  give  their  population,  and  tell  what  State 

they  are  in. 

MAPS  NOS.  v.,  XII.,  XIV.  AND  XV. 
WESTERN   STATES. 

1.  How  many,  and  what,  are  f^n  Western  States?    See  p 
•24,  q.  10. 

2.  What  province  on  the  no)ti<;' 

3.  What  section  on  the  south  ? 

4.  What  sections  on  the  cast? 

5.  What  ocean  on  the  west? 

6.  Which  of  them  extends  farthest  north? 

7.  Which  farthest  south? 

8.  Which  farthest  east?     West? 

9.  Which  of  them  borders  on  tho  Pacific  Ocean? 

10.  Which  of  them  have  no  sea  or  lake  coast? 

11.  Which  of  them  has  the  greatest  extent  of  lake  coast? 

12.  What  are  the  other  States  bordering  on  the  lakes? 

13.  Name  the  five  islands  on  the  coast  of  California. 

14.  What  island  in  Lake  Erie,  east  of  Michigan  ?    (See  Map 
No.  XV.) 

15.  What  islands  at  the  entrance  of  Saginaw  Bay? 

16.  What  two  north  of  Michigan? 


I 


33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 


n  ^jSf?^-'"^"''"'" 


B 


slavey?     Whicli 

if  cotton? 
•f  sugar? 
)?     ludian  corn? 
ize?     Next? 
than  10,000? 
1  tell  what  State 


'iV. 


States?    See  p. 


Ocean  ? 

Jt? 

of  lake  coast? 

the  lakes? 

ilifornia. 

;an?    (See  Map 

r  Bay? 


I 


(JEOaUAPIIICAL   QUESTIONS.  53 

17.  What  throe  groups  in  Lake  Michigan? 

IS.  What  island  in  Lake  Superior,  nortli  of  Miehii'an  ? 

19.  What  in  Lake  Superior,  north  of  Wisconsin? 

20.  What  two  islands  cast  of  the  upper  peninsula  of  Michi- 
gan?    r>d.,  Sr 

11.  What  island  at  the  entrance  to  Green  Bay? 

22.  Wliich  of  the  W  estern  States  consista  of  two  peninsulas  ? 

23.  What    range    of   mountains    between    Kentucky  and 
Virjf;,inia? 

24.  Through  w'jat  Western  State  does  this  range  extend? 

25.  In  what  direction? 

26.  What  rarge  of  mountains  cast  of  Tennessee  ? 

27.  What  ftvo  peaks  in  Missouri? 

28.  Whet  range  of  mountains  on  the  eastern  border  of  Cali- 
t.n-ain?     S.  Na. 

29.  What  range  near  the  coast? 

:-'0.  In  what  direction  do  these  ranges  extend? 
ol.  What  Capo  and  Point  on  the  coast  of  California? 
32.  In  what  State^  and  on  what  river  or  body  of  water,  are 
the  following  cities  and  towns? 


33.  Cincinnati. 

34.  St.  Louis. 

35.  Louisville. 

36.  Chicago. 

37.  San  Francisco. 

38.  Detroit. 

39.  Milwaukee. 

40.  Columbus. 

41.  Cleveland. 

42.  Dayton. 
5* 


43.  Nashville. 

44.  Little  Rock. 

45.  Frankfort. 

46.  Indianapoli.s. 

47.  Springfield, 

48.  Lansing. 

49.  Madison. 

50.  Iowa  City, 

51.  Jefferson  City. 

52.  San  Jose. 


M 


P 


■'  I'**?! 


51 


riEoaRAriiiCAL  questions. 


•)'-^.  Ill  what  part  of  tho 
IT  near  what  river  or  body 

Ohio. 

54.  Zanesvillo. 

55.  Steubenville. 
50.  Springfield. 

57.  Xcnia. 

58.  Sandusky  Ci'.y 

59.  Toledo. 
CO.  Chillicothe. 
61.  Circleville. 

02.  Marietta. 

03.  Portsmouth. 

Indiana. 
04    Madison. 
05.  New  Albany. 
66.  Evansville. 
07.  Vincennos. 

68.  Terrc  Haute. 

69.  Lafayette. 

70.  Logansport. 

71.  Fort  Wayne. 

72.  Jlichigan  City. 

73.  Laporte. 


Kentuch-y. 
Lexington. 
Covington. 
Newport. 
Maysville. 
Po'lucah. 
79.  Georgetown. 


74. 

75. 

70. 
77. 

78. 


State  to  which  they  belong,  and  on 
of  water,  are  the  following  towns? 

80.  Maysville. 

81.  Bardstown. 

82.  Bowling  Green. 

Tennessee. 

83.  Memphis. 

84.  Knoxville. 

85.  Bolivar. 

86.  Jackson. 

87.  Columbia. 

88.  Murfreesboro'. 

89.  Lebanon. 

90.  Clarksville. 

Illinois. 

91.  Peoria. 

92.  Galena. 

93.  Alton. 

94.  Belleville. 

95.  Kaskaskia. 
9(i.  Jacksonville. 
97.  Quiney. 

08.  Cairo. 
99.  Waukegan. 

Michigan. 

100.  Ann  Arbor 

101.  Jackson. 
lOL.  Marshall. 

103.  Kalamazoo. 

104.  Niles. 


105, 
106. 
107. 
108. 
109. 
110. 


111. 
112. 
113. 
114. 
115. 
116. 
117. 
118. 


119. 
120. 

137.  ^ 
A.  The 

138.  I 
This  is 

been  expk 
and  found 

139.  \ 
A.  The 
These  S 

to  by  inva 

140.  L 

141.  V 
This  re{ 


GEOGRAPHICAL   QUESTIONS. 


56 


r  belong,  and  on 

105. 

Monroe. 

121.  Dubuque. 

lowing  towns? 

106. 

Adrian. 

122.  Keokuk. 

ille. 

107. 

Pontiac. 

123.  Musoatine. 

town. 

108. 

Grand  Kapida. 

ig  Green. 

109. 

Mackinaw. 

Missouri. 

110. 

Saut  Ste.  Marie. 

124.  Lexington. 

essee. 

125.  BooneviJle. 

(his. 

Wisconsin. 

126.  Independence. 

nlle. 

111. 

Racine. 

127.  St.  Joseph. 

r. 

112. 

Kenosba. 

128.  Hannibal. 

)n. 

113. 

Ozaukee. 

129.  Columbia. 

bia. 

114. 

Janesville. 

130.  St.  Charles. 

cesboro'. 

115. 

Mineral  Point. 

131.  Cape  Girardeau. 

on. 

110. 

Sheboygan. 

132.  Louisiana. 

ville. 

117. 

Fond  du  Lac. 

118. 

Waukesha. 

California. 

nois. 

133.  Sacramento  City. 

Iowa. 

134.  Stockton. 

1. 

119. 

Burlington. 

135.  San  Diego. 

120. 

Davenport. 

136.  Monterey. 

■ille. 

iskia. 

mville. 

y- 

egan. 

lignn. 

\.rbor 

m. 

lall. 

lazoo. 


137.  What  great  natural  curiosity  is  in  Kentucky? 
A.  The  Mammoth  Cave. 

138.  In  what  county,  and  near  what  rivei,  is  it? 

This  is  one  of  the  must  rcmnrkable  caves  in  the  world.  It  has 
been  explored  for  a  distance  of  ten  or  twelve  miles  from  its  mouth, 
and  found  to  contain  numerous  spacious  apartments. 

139.  What  great  natural  curiosity  in  Arkansas? 
A.  The  Hot  Springs. 

These  Springs  are  about  eighty  in  number,  and  are  much  resorted 
to  by  invalids. 

140.  In  what  part  of  the  State  arc  they  found? 

141.  Where  is  the  mineral  region  of  Michigan? 
This  region  is  particulorl^  lioh  in  copper  and  iron. 


n 


66 


OKOfiRAl'IllCAL   QUESTIONS. 


14l2.  What  niiucs  arc  fdiiml  in  Missouri? 

143.  What  mines  in  Wisconsin? 

144.  In  what  part  of  Missouri  arc  the  Iron  Mountain  and 
Tilot  Knob? 

These  mountains  consist  of  great  masses  of  iron  ore,  nearly  pure. 

145.  What  lake  north  of  Ohio? 

146.  How  long  i."?  this  Lake? 

147.  What  two  lakes  east  of  Michigan? 

148.  What  lake  between  Lakes  Erie  and  Huron  ? 

149.  What  lake  separates  IMichigan  and  AVisconsin? 

150.  What  lake  north  of  Michigan? 

151.  What  arc  the  two  principal  bays  of  Lake  Huron? 

152.  What  is  the  principal  bay  of  Lake  Michigan? 

153.  What  two  lakes  flow  into  this  bay? 

154.  What  two  bays  on  the  southern  boundary  of  the  upper 
peninsula  of  Michigan? 

155.  What  bay  on  the  north  of  the  same  peninsula  ? 

156.  What  bay  on  the  north-east  of  this  peninsula? 

157.  Name  the  bays  on  the  coast  of  California. 

I    J.  What  are  the  two  rivers  flowing  into  the  Bay  of  San 
Francisco? 

159.  Into  what  does  the  Feather  river  flow?  Yuba?  Bear? 
Klamath?    Mohave? 

160.  Through  what  two  great  rivers  does  most  of  the  water 
of  the  Western  States  reach  the  sea? 

161.  What  name  is  given  to  the  tract  of  country  lying  be- 
tween the  Alleghany  and  Rocky  Mountains? 

A.  The  Valley  of  the  Mississippi. 

162.  Can  you  assign  any  reason  for  its  being  so  called?  If 
so,  give  it  in  your  own  language. 

163.  What  is  the  length  of  the  Mississippi  river? 

A.  Reckoning  from  the  source  of  the  Missouri,  its  longest  brnneli, 
it  extends  throughout  the  distance  of  4100  miles.  The  length  of  the 
Mississippi  proper  is  2800  miles. 


I 


The  arc 

its  trihuta 

164.   V 

included  i 

105.  A 

UiO.  \ 

Arkan.'a.s 

107.  ^ 

108.  \ 
i\rkansas 

109.  \ 
100.  A 

171.  \ 

172.  \ 
in  the  eas 

173.  A 

174.  \ 

175.  \ 
170.  A 

177.  ^ 
tucky  anc 

178.  ? 
into  the  ( 

179.  I 
flow? 

180.  J 

181.  \ 

182.  \ 

183.  \ 

184.  \ 

185.  \ 


Michigan 


•  "-^Aiisisaefisssi*-- 


i 


n  Mountain  and 
a  ore,  nearly  pure. 


uron  ? 

sconsiu? 

ikc  Huron? 
chigan  ? 

iry  of  the  upper 

ninsulu? 

ainsula? 

lia. 

the  Bay  of  San 

Yuba?    Bear? 

ost  of  the  water 

•uutry  lying  be- 

;  so  called?     If 

iver  ? 

s  longest  brnncli, 
rbc  length  of  the 


OEOmiAMllCAL  QUK8TI0NS. 


67 


The  areu  of  the  tract  of  country  watered  by  the  MissiHsippi  and 
its  trilmtn  les  is  eslimutod  iit  1,100,000  si|\mro  luik's. 

164.   Which  of  the  Southern  Atlantic  States  arc  jiartially 
iiidudi'd  in  the  Mississippi  Valley? 
105.  Which  of  the  Middle  States? 

\(\{\.  What  great  river  flows  through  nearly  the  centre  of 
Arkau.'a.s? 

1G7.  What  three  rivers  in  Arlcansus  flow  into  the  Missi.'ssippi  ? 
1G8.  What  river  fluws   across   the   south-western   part  of 
Arkansas? 
1G9.  What  river  of  Arkansas  flows  into  Louisiana? 
IGO.  What     n  rivers  unite  and  form  the  White  river? 

171.  What  1,  ,.'  flows  twice  across  the  State  of  Tennessee? 

172.  What  are  the  four  principal  branches  of  the  Tennessee 
in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State? 

173.  What  one  in  the  western  part  of  the  State? 

174.  What  river  of  Tennessee  flows  into  the  Mississippi? 

175.  What  river  on  the  northern  boundary  of  Kentucky? 
17G.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  the  Ohio  near  its  mouth? 

177.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  boundary  between  Ken- 
tucky and  Virginia  ? 

178.  Name  the  remaining  rivers  of  Kentucky  which  flow 
into  the  Ohio. 

179.  In  what  general  directi' u  do  the  rivers  of  Kentucky 
flow? 

180.  Name  the  principal  rivers  of  Ohio. 

181.  Which  of  them  flow  into  the  Ohio? 

182.  Which  into  Lake  Erie? 

183.  What  river  between  Indiana  and  Illinois? 

184.  What  are  the  principal  branches  of  the  W^abash  ? 

185.  W'hat  river  from  Indiana  flows  through  the  State  of 
Michigan  into  the  lake  of  that  name? 


Is! 


ii 


im" 


,.]■ 


lis 

'si-.; 


am.. 


58 


OEOflKAl'IIICAI,   QIIKSTIONS. 


\ 


m 


186.  What  river  bounds  Illiiioifi  oh  the  west!*     What  on 
the  south? 

187.  What  three  riverH  of  Illinois  flow  into  the  Mississippi? 
18H.  Into  what  river  docs  the  Siingiimon  flow? 

18!>.  In  what  State  docs  the  Kunkiil<ee  river  rise? 

100.  Wliat  river  of  Michigmi  flows  into  Saginaw  Bay? 

101.  A\liat  river  connects  Lakes  Huron  and  St.  Clair? 

102.  What,  Lakes  St.  Clair  and  Kric? 

103.  What  five  rivers  flow  into  Lake  Michigan? 

104.  What  two  rivei-s  form  the  boundary  line  between  Mich- 
igan and  Wisconsin  ? 

105.  Which  of  the  two  flows  into  Lake  Superior? 
10(5.  AVhich  into  Green  Hay? 

107.  What  river  forms  for  a  short  distance  the  northern 
boundary  of  Wisconsin? 

108.  What  river  between  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota  Ter- 
ritory ? 

109.  Name  the  three  principal  rivers  of  Wisconsin  flowing 
into  the  Mississippi. 

200.  Between  what  two  great  rivers  is  Iowa  situated  ? 

201.  What  river  flows  through  the  central  part  of  the  State 
into  the  Mississippi? 

202.  Of  what  two  States  does  it  form,  for  a  short  distance,  the 
boundary  line? 

20.3.  Name   two  other  rivers  of    Iowa    flowing    into   the 
31issi8sippi. 

204.  Through  what  State  does  the  Missouri  river  flow? 

205.  W'hat  is  the  lengtu  of  this  river? 

206.  What   are    its    two   principal   southern   branches  in 
^lissouri? 

207.  What  is  its  principal  northern  branch? 

208.  Name  the  rivers,  the  mouths  of  which  you  would  pass 
iu  descending  the  Ohio  from  Pittsburg  to  Cairo. 


200.  Nam 
from  its  June 

210.  Nam 
from  its  June 

211.  Thn 
railroad  from 

212.  Thn 
way  of  Dayt 

213.  Thn 

214.  IIov 
troiu  Lake  1 

215.  Nan 

216.  Wh 
Southern  M 

an.  Nar 
would  pass  1 

218.  Wh 
railroad  frot 

210.  Fro 
•!stcnd  west 

220.  Nai 
railroad  <'rc 
Frankfort. 

221.  Wl 

222.  Wl 

223.  Wl 

224.  Nai 
cunals. 

225.  Bel 
oommunical 


26.  M] 


ims^mM.^ 


■AiiJiii^Sr'" 


ii 


est!'     What  on 


the  Mississippi? 

V? 

rise? 

inaw  Bay? 
St.  Clair? 


an? 

3  between  Mich- 

crior  ? 

le  the  northern 

Minnesota  Ter- 

isconsin  flowing 

situated  ? 

irt  of  the  State 

ort  distance,  the 
iwing    into   the 
river  flow  ? 
rn   branches  in 


you  would  pass 


OEOOnAl'IIICAI-   QUESTIONS. 


50 


•209.  Name  those  you  would  pass,  descending  the  Missouri 
IVoui  its  junction  with  the  (J rcat  Sioux. 

210.  Name  those  you  would  pa.ss,  descending  the  Missi.s,«iiiin 
from  its  junction  with  the  St.  Croix. 

'211.  Through  what  places  would  you  pa.ss,  proceeding  by 
railroad  from  Cleveland  to  (Cincinnati? 

•21*2.  Through  what,  from  Cincinnati  to  Sandusky  ('ity,  by 
way  of  Dayton  ? 

•213.  Through  what,  from  Cleveland  to  Pittsburg,  Pa.? 

•214.  How  many  railroads  extend  across  the  Siatc  of  Ohio, 
from  Lake  Eric  to  the  Ohio  river? 

•215.  Name  the  places  oimncctcd  by  these  roads. 

'210.  What  two  lakes   are  connected   by  railroad  through 
••Southern  Michigan  and  Northern  Indiana? 

'217.  Name  the  places  connected,  and  tell  what  towns  you 
would  pass  through,  going  from  one  to  the  other. 

218.  What  places  would  you  pass  through,  proceeding  by 
railroad  from  Detroit,  Mich.,  to  Chicago,  111.? 

219.  From  what  two  cities  on  Lake  Michigan  do  railroads 
■!stend  westwardly  ? 

220.  Name  the  towns  you  would  pass  through,  going  by 
railroad  <"rom  Indianapolis  to  Madison.  From  Louisville  to 
Frankfort. 

221.  What  canal  in  Illinois? 

222.  What  in  Indiana? 

223.  What  arc  the  two  principal  canals  in  Ohio? 

224.  Name  the  places,  rivers,  and  lakes,  connected  by  these 

cunals. 

225.  Between  the  valleys  of  what  two  great  rivers  is  a  water 

communication  efl'ectcd  by  these  canals? 

STATISTICAL. 

226.  A.'hich  is  the  largest  of  the  Western  States? 


I ; 


60 


(lEOUUArillCAl.  yUKBTlONS. 


*2'i7.  Which  next  in  size? 

2-8.  Which  in  U'lLst  in  extent? 

2*29.  Which  contuinu  the  greatest  iiopulution? 

•j:}0.  Which  next?     Which  has  U^uMt? 

231.  Which  k  the  nuwt  thickly  (settled? 

232.  \Vhieh  is  the  leuxt  thickly  settled? 
'I'.VS.  Which  was  first  Hcttlcd? 

234.  Which  is  the  hirgcst  city? 

2:}r).  Name  tlio  first  five  cities  iu  the  order  of  their  popu- 
lation. 

2;t0.  Name  the  next  five. 

2U7.  Name  the  city  next  in  order,  and  give  its  population. 

23H.  How  many  cities  of  the  AVesteru  States  contain  a  popu- 
lation of  more  than  40,000? 

230.  How  many,  of  more  than  20,000? 

240.  How  many,  of  more  than  10,000? 

MAI'   NO.  V. 
TKR11IT0KIE8  OF   THE   UNITED   STATES. 

1.  What  are  the  Territories  of  the  United  States? 

2.  IIow  many  are  organized?     (See  p.  25,  q.  12.) 

3.  IIow  many  unorganized? 

4.  What  is  the  difference  between  an  organized  and  unorgan- 
ized Territory? 

5.  Which  of  these  Territories  borders  on  the  Pacific  Ocean? 

6.  Which  arc  entirely  inland? 

7.  Which  extends  farthest  cast?     Which  farthest  west? 

8.  Which  two  have  the  Rocky  Mountains  for  a  western 
boundary  ? 

9.  Which  one  has  the  Sierra  Nevada? 

10.  In  what  valley  is  the  principal  part  of  the  population  of 
Oregon?     (See  p.  29,  q.  100.) 


n.  Nea 
of  New  M 

12.  Nea 
population 

Til"'  viilli 
to  rcsemblt 
fresh  water 
Lake;  ho  n 
a  river,  the 
of  both  th( 
Burroundiii; 

13.  No 
of  the  poj 

14.  Wl 
A.  Iii'lii 

15.  Na 
By  the  I 

north  of  tl 
Bpccial  boi 
■were  iissip 
many  yeoi 

16.  W 

17.  W 

18.  W 

19.  W 

20.  In 

21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 

29.  Ii 
Fort  Toi 

30.  ^ 
( 


mi 


isS^^ 


■"!#■ 


ir 


;r  of  their  popu- 


its  population. 
8  coutain  a  popu- 


AXES. 

States? 
q.  12.) 

Izod  uud  unorgan- 

lio  Pacific  Ocean? 

irthest  west? 
18  for  a  western 

the  population  of 


(lEodllAI'UICAr.   QIJEHTIONS. 


61 


11.  Near  wliat  river  is  the  principal  part  of  the  population 
of  New  Mexico?     11.  (Ic. 

12.  Near  what  lake  in  I'lah  in  tho  principal  part  of  the 
jK.puh.tion  of  that  Territory?     <J.  St. 

Th.'  viilU-y  Ineluilli.g;  this  liik(>  is  ihoMnl.t  by  tiie  ii.lmbitnnts  inudi 
tn  resemble  I'alcHtinr-,  .,.•  tbr  lUly  I-»'..l.  Utiili  Uko  Ih  a  body  of 
fr,.,h  wiitiT,  HowiiiK  tl.n.uKl.  a  river,  tl.e  .Innliin,  into  tl.e  Oroat  Sail 
Luke-  HO  also  Lake  Tiberias,  a  bo.ly  of  fresh  water,  Mown  llinMich 
a  nvc'r  tho  Jordan,  into  ll»<>  Head  Hoa  (xee  .Map  No.  27).  Tl.e  water 
of  both  tho  Dead  Sea  and  Great  Salt  Lake  ia  Halt,. and  the  valleyn 
gurroundiiig  both  lakes  arc  enclosed  by  high  mountains. 

13.  Near  what  great  river  in  Minnesota  is  tho  principal  part 
of  the  population  of  that  Territory? 

14,  Who  inhabit  principally  Missouri  and  Indian  Territories? 
A.   Indians. 

15,  Name  some  of  tho  principal  tribes. 

By  tho  treaty  of  Fort  Laramie,  in  IHr.l.  all  the  wanderinj?  tribes 
north  of  the  Arkansas  river,  and  cast  of  tho  Rocky  Mountains,  had 
special  bounda  assigned  to  them  for  their  occupation.  Such  bounds 
wore  assiRned  the  Cl.erokees,  CreokH,  Choctaws,  and  other  tribes, 
many  years  since. 

16.  Where  is  Fort  Laramie? 

17.  Where  Council  Bluffs? 

18.  Which  of  tho  Territories  is  largest?     Which  smallest? 

19,  Which  contains  the  greatest  population? 

20,  In  what  Territory  are  the  following  places? 

21.  St.  Paul.  25,  Fillmore  City, 

22    Salem.  2G.  Santa  m. 

2.'5.  Oregon  City.  27.  Salt  Lake  City. 

24.  Albuquerque,  28.  Astoria. 

29.  In  what  Tr.ritory,  and  how  situated,  is  Fort  Gibson? 
FortTowson?    Fort  Leavenworth? 

30.  Near  what  States  are  these  forts? 

G 


f 


W" 


i^-i» 
m 


I 


02 


nKOnRArmOAl,   QirEHTIONR. 


!M.  In  what  Tfrritory  ix  Fuit  Siu'llinji?     F<irt  Ki|,l.'>  ? 

:'>'2.  In  wlml  Tirritiiiy  iirw  tlm  CJicut  Fulls  of  the  Mifnouri? 
Tiiu  FulU  (if  St.  Anthony  y 

;):J.  Nnnio  the  Statert  und  TcrritoriiH  throiigli  which  tho  Mis- 
Houri  trailers  pass,  procccJiiig  to  Santa  Vv  from  inili'|»cii(U'nLT. 

JU.  What  rivtTH  Jo  they  cro«H':' 

85.  Nome  tho  Territories  cnmsed  by  oniij,'rant»  pro(TCillii{: 
from  tho  waiip  point  to  Oregon. 

3f».  Tell  whaf  rivers  and  mountains  thoy  would  pa.ss. 

37.  What,  in  going  to  Utah?     California? 

ThoHo  routcn  lire  »liown  by  lines  upon  the  miips. 

OKNEHAI.   QUKSTIONS, 

To  be  nnstee,  fd  from  any  nf  the  United  States  Maps. 

It  i«  the  (Ipxipn  of  the  foUowins  qucstionH  to  make  a  prnctical 
application  of  tht-  study  of  Geography  to  the  course  of  trade  and 
ImsinoHH  in  the  United  States. 

Ditlcreiit  Hoctions  of  tho  Union  httve  natural  and  artificial  means 
of  cdinmunieaticn  with  each  other.  Natural  channels  of  communi- 
cation are  the  rivers  and  lakes  with  which  our  country  abounds,  and 
the  sounds,  "jays,  gulfs  and  oceans,  which  border  or  indent  Us  coosta. 
Artificial  channels  are  railroads,  canals,  and  common  roads. 

Merchandise  and  passengers  may  be  transported  most  cheaply  by 
natural  channels ;  second  in  point  of  cheopncss  of  carriage,  will  rank 
tho  canal ;  and,  lastly,  tho  railroad.  The  latter,  however,  may  be 
constructed  where  canals  are  impracticable ;  and  passage  by  them, 
likewise,  is  effected  at  all  seasons  with  much  greater  rapidity  and 
certainty.  Second  in  point  of  rapidity  of  transportation  are  vessels 
propelled  through  water  by  the  power  of  steam.  Tho  principal  rail- 
roads and  canals  will  be  found  laid  down  upon  the  maps,  and  the 
extent  of  navigation  of  tho  diffcnnt  rivers  will  be  found  designated 
by  appropriate  emblems. 

It  is  suggested  to  teachers  that  questions  similar  to  these,  minute  in 
detail  as  to  the  section  of  country  in  which  they  reside,  may  bo  asked 
with  much  profit  to  tho  pupil. 


wBV^\ 


|| 


irt  Ili|-lt> ? 
if  the  MisHouri? 

I  wliich  till!  Mis- 
Iiuli'ppiKU'nct'. 

runts  prix-pcdiiig 

uld  pass. 


States  Maps. 

make  a  practical 
urse  of  trade  ami 


1(1  artificial  means 
uncU  of  cominuni- 
intry  abounJs,  and 
r  indent  its  coasts, 
on  roads. 

!d  most  cheaply  by 
carriage,  will  rank 
however,  may  be 
paRsage  by  them, 
•eater  rapidity  ond 
irtntion  are  vessels 
Tlio  princiiial  rail- 
tho  maps,  nndthe 
;  found  designated 

to  these,  minute  in 
!8ide,  may  bo  asked 


OEOQUAI'llirAI.   m;K«TION.<'. 


68 


l.Ncw  V'ork  is  tho  gn'ttt  iniirt  for  tlie  forei>.'n  tratlo  of  tlio 
rountr)':  lu>w  may  silk  goods,  itn|iorttMl  into  Now  York,  bo 
trnnsportcd  by  wator  to  (Ihiongo,  llliiiolHi' 

A.  I'p  the  Hudson  rlvor  to  Albony,  thence  by  Frie  Ciuial  to  Uuf- 
liilo,  thence  by  l.iike  Krif,  the  Kctroit  rivi-r,  Liiku  St.  Clnlr,  the  river 
St.  Clair,  l.iikfi  Huron,  Htraits  of  Muckiniic,  and  Lake  Michigan,  to 
Cliicngo. 

Tho  above  (|U0Htion  Is  answered  to  Indicate  to  the  pupils  tiio  kind 
of  reply  expected  from  tliem.  In  dcHuribiiijt  routes  either  by  natural 
or  artificial  channeb.  of  cummunicatiun,  let  each  change,  however 
flight,  be  mentioned. 

'J.  Uy  what  route  may  a  cargo  of  ico  from  Hoston  bo  trnns- 
portod  by  wator  to  Montg.)iiicry,  .'Inbunin? 

3.  Through  what  v  iters  woi  '.  a  vos.scl  'is.",  fri  ightod  with 
lumber,  fnmi  Umigor  for  Hartford,  Ct.? 

4.  Name  tho  wufors  through  which  vv^uld  be  trun.sportod  a 
cargo  of  pork  from  riiiciniiat=  ♦"  Baltimore. 

fy.  How  may  tho  load  of  fl  ilcnu  ond  Dubuijue  bo  uan.sportcd 
to  tho  maimfuotorics  in  Now  j'ork  oity? 

6.  How  may  the  copper  and  iron  of  Lake  Superior  be  trans- 
ported to  tho  manufacturers  in  I'ittsburg? 

7.  Through  what  waters  would  a  steamboat  pa.«H,  transport- 
ing the  manufactures  of  Pittsburg  to  Tuscumbia,  Alabama? 

8.  Name  the  railroads  over  which  a  car,  built  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  would  be  taken,  in  order  to  roach  the  city  of  Washington. 
Through  what  States,  and  across  what  rivers,  would  it  pass!" 

9.  Mention  the  route  of  shipment  of  furs  from  the  head- 
waters of  the  Yellowstone  to  St.  Louis.     How  thence  to  New 

York? 

10.  Name  '.i„  'oute  by  which  you  would  ship  whale-oil  from 
New  Bedford      Savannah  ? 

11.  Through  what  waters  would  a  vessel  pass,  loatled  with 
wheat  from  the  Willamette  Valley  for  San  Francisco? 


^ 


'in 


1! 


64 


aEOGRAPIIICAIi  QUESTIONS. 


12.  IMuch  sugar  is  transported  from  New  Orleans  1o  tbo 
cities  upon  the  lakes :  name  the  waters  through  which  it  would 
be  taken  to  Milwaukee. 

13.  How  would  you  transport  tobacco  from  Richmond,  Va., 
to  Portland,  Me.  ? 

14.  How  would  you  transport  the  tar  of  Wilmington,  N.  C, 
to  Portsmouth  (N.  H.)  Navy-Yard? 

1 5.  Name  the  waters  through  which  a  vessel  would  pass, 
transporting  granite  from  Hallowell,  Me.,  to  Galveston,  Texas? 

10.  How  would  you  transport  woollen  goods  from  Boston  to 
Detroit,  Mich.  ? 

The  routes  may  be  given  as  the  pupil  pleases ;  by  railroad,  canal, 
or  natural  water  channel  of  communication,  or  a  part  of  each. 

17.  Name  the  routes  of  transportation  of  rice  from  Savannah 
to  Buffalo,  N.Y.? 

18.  How  would  you  convey  a  cargo  of  coal  from  Philadelphia 
to  Lowell,  Mass.  ? 

19.  How  would  you  return,  by  a  different  course,  manufac- 
tured cottons  to  Philadelphia? 

20.  Name  a  course,  partly  by  water  and  partly  by  land,  for 
emigrants  from  New  York  city  to  Burlington,  Iowa. 

21.  How  would  you  forward  cotton  from  Charleston,  S.  C, 
to  Lawrence,  Mass.  ?     How  to  York,  Me.  ?     Manchester,  N.  H. 

22.  Dcf.cribe  the  route  of  a  travelling  excursion  from  St. 
Augustine,  Florida,  to  Cape  May,  Newport,  the  White  Moun- 
tains, Saratoga,  Niagara  Falls,  and  thence  to  ]\Tontreal  and 
Quebec. 

23.  Describe  the  return  trip,  during  which  the  Mammoth 
Cave,  the  Hot  Springs  of  Arkansas,  and  New  Orleans,  are  visited. 

In  describing  the  aboTC  trip,  name  the  States  through  which  you 
would  pass,  the  direction  in  wliich  you  would  travel,  the  rivers  you 
would  cross,  and  the  lakes,  canals,  other  bodies  of  water,  and  rail- 
roads, on  the  route. 


24.  W 

25.  W 

26.  W 

27.  W 

28.  W 

29.  W 

30.  W 

31.  W 

32.  W 

33.  W 
schools? 

34.  W 
public  lil 

35.  W 
of  iron? 

36.  W 
of  cotton 

37.  W 

38.  W 

39.  W 
same  yea 

40.  M 
Union  ? 

41.  A\ 
more  tha 

42.  "« 

43.  "SA 
manufaci 

44.  \y 

45.  A1 
iug  impli 

46.  V 
schools? 

C 


;:^"*itiaSJ 


» 


Orleans  'to  tbo 
1  which  it  would 

Richmond,  Va., 

Imington,  N.  C, 

ssel  would  pass, 
alveston,  Texas? 

1  from  Boston  to 

by  railroad,  canal, 
art  of  each. 

e  from  Savannah 

rom  Philadelphia 

course,  manufac- 

artly  by  land,  for 
,  Iowa. 

Charleston,  S.  C, 
Hanchester,  N.  H. 
tcursion  from  St. 
;he  White  Moun- 
to  Montreal  and 

;h  the  Mammoth 
>rleans,  are  visited. 

through  which  you 
avel,  the  rivers  you 

of  water,  and  rail- 


GEOGBAPIIICAL   QUESTIONS. 


66 


-2i.  Which  was  the  earliest  settled  of  the  United  States? 

25.  Which  is  the  largest? 

26.  Which  is  the  most  populous? 

27.  Which  produces  the  most  Indian  corn? 

28.  Which  produces  the  most  cotton? 

29.  Which  the  most  sugar? 

30.  Which  grows  the  most  wool? 

31.  Which  produces  the  most  tobacco?     Ilcnip? 

32.  Which  State  has  the  largest  school  fund? 

33.  Which  appropriates  most  money  for  the  support  of  public: 
schools?     Which  has  most  pupils  in  her  schools? 

3-1.  Which  State  has  the  greatest  number  of  volumes  in  it.< 
public  libraries? 

35.  Which  State  has  the  greatest  amount  of  manufactures 
of  iron? 

36.  Which  State  has  the  greatest  amount  of  manufactures 
of  cotton? 

37.  Which  has  the  greatest  amount  of  manufactures  of  wool ' 

38.  Which  State  built  most  steamboats  in  1850? 

39.  Which  State  built  most  vessels  of  all  kinds  during  the 
same  year? 

40.  Which  State  contains  the  most  populous  city  in  the 
Union  ? 

41.  Which  State  has  most  cities  containing  a  population  of 
more  than  10,000? 

42.  Which  State  contains  the  greatest  number  of  counties? 

43.  Which  State  has  the  greatest  amount  of  home-made 
manufactures  ? 

44.  Which  State  has  the  greatest  value  of  live  stock? 

45.  AVhich  Statp  has  the  greatest  amount  in  value  of  farm- 
ing implements  and  machinery? 

46.  Which  State  has  most  students  in  her  colleges?     Law 
schools?    Theological  Seminaries? 

6* 


W 


If 


CG 


GEOORAI'HICAL   QUESTIONS. 


1 1* 


1 


MAP  NO.    XVI. 
MEXICO,  CENTRAL  AMERICA,  AND  TIIE  WEST  INDIES. 

1.  What  division  on  the  north  of  ]\Iexico? 

2.  What  gulf  on  the  east? 
o.  What  ocean  on  the  we&t'/ 

4.  What  peninsula  in  the  west? 

h.  What  capo  at  its  southern  extren)ity? 

().  What  islands  near  the  entrance  to  the  Gulf  of  California? 

7.  What  three  islands  in  this  gulf? 

8.  What  igland  cast  of  Mexico?     Ls. 

9.  What  mountains  extend  through  Mexico? 

10.  IJy  what  name  is  this  range  known  furtlier  north?    Ky. 

11.  What  volcano  in  the  southern  part  of  Mexico?     PI. 
The  word  Popocntiipctl  signifies  smoking  mountaiu.     l^,  is  an  active 

volcano,  ]7,7l!0  feet  in  height. 

12.  AVhat  cape  on  the  east  of  Mexico?     What  on  the  west? 

13.  What  gulf  separates  Lower  California  and  Mexico? 

14.  What  gulf  in  the  south-western  part  of  the  State  ? 

15.  What  bay  on  the  north  and  east? 

16.  What  rivers  flow  from  the  United  States  into  the  Gulf 
of  California? 

17.  What  four  rivers  of  Mexico  flow  into  the  Gulf  of 
California? 

18.  What  three  into  the  Pacific  Ocean? 

19.  What  one  into  the  Bay  of  Campeche? 

20.  What  three  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico? 

21.  What  two  rivers  separate  Mexico  from  the  United  States  ? 
R.  Ge.,  Ga. 

22.  What  lake  in  the  centre  of  the  State?     Ca. 

23.  What  in  the  northern  part?    Cn. 

6* 


35.  W 

(See  Map 

It  is  pi 
with  La  V 
the  (listan( 
18C  miles, 
large  size 


36.  0 

A.  Of 

vador,  an( 

37.  W 

38.  A\ 

39.  B< 
rica  situi 

40.  Ii 

4 

4 
4 
4 

4 

51.  T 

52.  \ 


■-"^iU,i:^:-  ' 


t^ 


» 


ST  INDIES. 


f  of  California  'I 


cr  north  i*    Ey. 
exjco?     PI. 
1.     it  is  an  active 

at  on  the  west  ? 
id  Mexico? 
the  State? 

a  into  the  Gulf 

0  the  Gulf  of 


3 United  States? 
Ca. 


OEOlUtAl'mCAL   QUESTIONS.  ffj 

24.  Tell  where  the  following  places  in  Mexico  are  situated, 
and,  if  you  can,  for  what  they  are  noted : 

25.  Jlexico.  30.  Guadalaxara. 

26.  San  Luis  Potosi.  31.  La  Puebla. 

27.  Vera  Cruz.  82.  Matamoras. 

28.  Bueua  Vista.  33.  Monterey. 

29.  Jalapa.  3-1.  Mazatlan. 

85.  What  river  flows  northerly  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico? 
(See  Map  No.  XVIII.) 

It  is  proposed  to  connect  Minatitlan,  on  this  river,  by  railroad, 
with  La  Ventoso,  on  the  Pacific.  The  route  has  been  surveyed,  and 
tlie  distance  found  to  be  170  miles,  or,  from  the  mouth  of  the  river, 
18G  miles.  This  river  is  reported  to  be  navigable  for  vessels  of  u 
large  size  to  Minatitlan  during  all  seasons  of  the  year. 

CENTB.\L   AMERICA. 

36.  Of  what  docs  Central  America  consist? 

A.  Of  five  States,  viz.,  Honduras,  Guatemala,  Nicaragua,  San  Sal- 
vador, and  Costa  Bica. 

37.  Which  of  these  States  extends  farthest  north  and  west? 

38.  Which  farthest  south? 

89.  Between  what  two  great  bodies  of  water  is  Central  Ame- 
rica situated? 

40.  lu  which  State  are  the  following  cities? 

41.  Old  Guatimala.  46.  Truxillo. 

42.  San  Salvador.  47.  San  Juan  del  Norte. 

43.  SinJosd.  48.  Leon. 

44.  New  Guatimala.  49.  San  Miguel. 

45.  Granada.  50.  Managua. 

51.  Tell  which  of  the  above  are  near  the  Pacific  coast. 

52.  What  range  of  mountains  extends  through  this  region? 


:-i 


t 


'IS 


OKOORAPniOAT.   QUESTIONS. 


(^ 


M- 


53.  Where  is  the  Mosquito  Shore? 

Mosquitin,  or  the  Mosquito  Shore,  is  inhabited  by  native  tribe?, 
ami  nominally  governed  by  a  native  king.  It  is  really  undei'  the  con- 
frul  of  Great  Britain. 

54.  Wliat  bay  on  the  east  of  Central  America? 

55.  "What  bay  on  the  north? 

56.  What  gulfs  on  the  Pacific  coast? 

57.  Name  the  volcanoes  of  Central  America. 
GeograjOiers  enumerate  38  volcanoes  in  Central  America.     Among 

tlie  most  remarkable  of  them  is  the  volcano  of  Isalco,  which  ha? 
arisen  within  the  last  eighty  years.  It  is  in  a  constant  state  of  erup- 
tion, discharging  ashes  and  cinders  at  regular  intervals  of  about  a 
((uarter  of  an  hour  each. 

58.  What  rivers  flow  into  the  Ciiribbcan  Sea? 

59.  What  is  the  principal  lake  of  Central  America? 
GO.  How  long  is  Lake  Nicaragua? 

Gl.  What  lake  north  of  it?     (See  Map  No.  XVII.) 

It  is  proposed  to  connect  Lake  Nicaragua  with  the  Pacific  Ocean 

by  a  ship  canal.     The  distance,  at  the  nearest  point  of  connection,  is 

only  17  miles. 

G2.  What  cape  on  the  cast  of  Central  America? 

63.  What  on  the  south?     North? 

64.  What  small  division  uortli  f     Ue. 

65.  To  what  European  nation  does  it  belong? 
A.  Great  Britain. 

66.  What  is  the  principal  town,  and  where  situated? 

67.  What  isthmus  north  of  the  Balize? 

68.  What  is  the  capital  of  Yucatan? 

69.  Between  what  sea  and  bay  is  Yucatan  situated? 

70.  What  island  on  the  east  of  it? 


71.  Of 
A.  A  col 

72.  Wli 

73.  Wli 


Ale 
Wl 
Wi 
Wl 


74. 

75. 
76. 
77. 

Kouth? 

78.  Wl 
The  Spa 

79.  Wl 
Britain? 

The  Cri 

80.  W 
govcrnmc 

A-  Hay 

81.  W 
When? 

82.  Oi 
Kingston 
Principe  i 

83.  0; 
Cruzf    < 

84.  la 

85.  y\ 


86.  V 

87.  V 

88.  Y 


^*'*"^  '    m^ 


p. 


by  native  trilic?, 
[y  undei'  the  con- 

a? 


.mcrica.  Among 
salco,  whicli  ha? 
int  state  of  erup- 
3rvals  of  about  n 

? 
mcrica? 

XVII.) 

the  Pacific  Ocean 
;  of  connection,  is 

■ica? 


situated  ? 


ituated? 


GEOORAPUICAL  QUESTIONS. 


WEST   INDIES. 


C9 


71.  Of  what  do  the  West  Tmlics  consist? 
A.  A  collection  of  islands. 

72.  "What  do  they  comprise?     (Sec  Remarks  on  Maps.) 
78.  Wliieli  arc  the  (Jreat  Antilles? 

74.  Along  what  grand  division  do  the  Little  Antilles  lie? 

75.  Where  do  the  Bahama  Islands  lie? 
70.  Where  the  Caribbcc  Islands? 

77.  What  are  those  called  north  of  latitude  IS"^?     What 
south? 

78.  Which  of  them  belong  to  Spain? 
The  Spanish  West  Indies  are  colored  yellow. 

79.  Which  are   the   principal   islands   belonging   to  Great 

Britain  ? 

The  British  islands  are  colored  pink. 

80.  Which  one  of  the  West  Indies  consists  of  two  distinct 

governments  ? 

A.  Hay ti— the  Empire  of  Hayti,  and  the  Republic  of  Domisiica. 

81.  Which  island  was  the  first  land  discovered  by  Columbus? 
When? 

82.  On  what  island  is  the  city  of  Havana?  Port-au-Prince  ? 
Kingston?  St.  John's?  Matan?as?  St.  Dcmingo?  Puerto 
Principe  ?     Bridgetown  ? 

83.  Of  what  group  is  Turk?  Islaud  one?  Martinico?  Santa 
Cruzf     Curafoa? 

84.  Is  Barbadoes  a  Windward  or  a  Leeward  Island? 

85.  What  is  Antigua,  a  Vv  indward  or  a  Leeward  Island? 

g  T  A  "  I  S  T  I  C  A 1 . 

86.  Which  is  the  largest  of  the  West  Indies? 

87.  Which  next  in  size?     Next?  ,. 

88.  Which  baa  most  population? 


p. 


/'H 


ll 


m 


•0 


OEOORAPHICAL    QUESTIONS. 


89.  WLi/ii  contains  thu  mcst  populous  city? 

90.  W' ut  [.'■  that  city?     What  is  its  population? 

01  What  'i'  ^  of  the  United  States  contains  about  the  same 
j/cpulation  !is  ivingston?     Havana?    St.  Johns?    Bridgetown? 

92.  Whicli  18  the  largest  city  of  Mexico? 

93.  AVbich.  of  Central  America? 

94.  What  cities  of  the  United  States  have  a  population 
gn.afi-i'  it.au  that  of  the  city  of  Mexico? 

95.  What  is  the  distance  of  New  York  from  San  Francisco 
l>\~  the  Pisnama  route? 

^'  J.  \\'\mi  by  the  Nicaragua  route  ? 

97 .  What  by  the  Tehuantepeo  route  ? 

98.  Describe  the  bodies  of  water  through  which  you  would 
pass,  and  the  land  divisions  you  would  cross,  by  each  of  these 
routes.  (See  Maps  Nos.  XVI.,  XVII.,  XVIII.,  XIX.,  and 
XX.,  and  notes  under  question  37,  page  67 ;  q.  61,  p.  68 ;  and 
q.  15,  p.  76.) 

MAP  NO.  XIX. 
SOUTH    AMERICA. 

1.  In  what  direction  from  here  is  South  America? 

2.  What  sea  on  the  north  of  it? 
8.  What  ocean  on  the  east? 

4.  What  ocean  on  the  west? 

5.  Of  what  does  South  America  consist?* 

A.  Of  nine  Republics,  the  Empire  of  Brazil,  the  English,  Dutch, 
and  French  colonies  of  Guiana,  and  Patagonia, 

6.  Name  the  nine  republics. 

A.  New  Orenada,  Venezuela,  Ecuador,  Peru,  Bolivia,  Chili,  Bue- 
nos Ayres,  Paraguay,  and  Uruguay. 

7.  Tell  which  of  the  above  divisions  border  on  the  Carib- 
bean Sea. 

8.  Which  border  oa  the  Atlantio  Ocean  ? 


?•; 


? 

tion  'I 

8  about  the  same 

s?    Bridgetown? 


ive  a  population 
n  Sao  Franciscn 


which  you  would 
by  each  of  these 
III.,  XIX.,  and 
I-  61,  p.  68;  and 


r.KOORAPlllCAI-   QUESTIONS. 


71 


0.  Which  bi)rder  on  the  I'acific? 

10.  Which  division  extends  from  ocean  to  ocean? 

11.  Which  division  borders  on  both  the  Caribbean  Sea  and 

I'acific? 

1'2.  Which  division  is  entirely  inland  ? 

13.  Which  division  extends  farthest  north? 

14.  Which  farthest  ca.st? 

l.'i.  Which  extends  farthest  west?     South? 
16.  Bound  each  of  the  following  divisions: 

23.  Brazil. 


17.  Patagonia. 


24.  Uruguay. 
2r>.  Chili. 
26.  Bolivia. 


lerica  f 


le  English,  DutcL, 

tolivia,  Chili,  Bue- 
jr  on  the  Carib- 


18.  New  Grenada. 

19.  Paraguay. 

20.  Ecuador. 

21.  Venezuela.  27.  Peru. 

22.  Guiana.  28.  Buenos  Ayres. 

29.  Which  division  of  Guiana  is  farthest  west? 

30.  Which  is  farthest  east? 

31.  Of  what  divisions  are  the  following  cities  and  towns  the 
capitals? 

32.  Caraceas.  37.  Lima. 

33.  Bogota.  38.  Chuquisaca, 

34.  Quito.  39.  Santiago. 

35.  Buenos  Ayres.  40.  Rio  Janeiro. 

36.  Assumption.  41.  Montevideo. 

42.  Tell  where  the  above  cities  are  situated? 

43.  Name  the  islands  on  the  coast  of  Venezuela. 

44.  To  what  group  do  these  islands  belong?     L.  As. 

45.  Which  one  of  them  belongs  to  Venezuela? 
A.  Margarita. 

46.  What  island  on  the  coast  of  Brazil,  just  south  of  the 
Kquator  ? 


^ 


•IT' 


I 


ft;. 

I 
I 


72 


aEOOKAl'HlCAL  QUESTIONS. 


47.  Name  the  remaining  islands  upon  the  coast  of  Brazil, 
la.,  As,,  Ca.,  St.  Ca.,  Ti. 

48.  What  group  of  islands  cast  of  Patagonia  ? 

49.  To  what  nation  do  tlicy  belong? 
A.  Great  Britaiu. 

50.  What  island  south  of  Tatagonia? 

51.  What  east  of  Terra  del  Fuego'i' 

52.  What  single  island  and  group  south? 

53.  What  three  archipelagoes  west  of  I'atagouia? 

54.  What  island  south  of  Chili? 

55.  Where  are  the  islands  of  St.  Felix  and  Juan  Fernandez? 

56.  By  what  names  are  the  separate  islands  of  -"'^uan  Fer- 
nandez known  ? 

57.  For  what  is  one  of  them  noted? 

A.  For  the  ttdventures  of  Alexander  Selkirk,  a  Scotch  sailor,  whose 
four  years'  solitary  residence  on  this  Island  is  supposed  to  have  formed 
the  basis  of  Defoe's  well-known  tale  of  llobinsou  Crusoe. 

58.  Which  ia  the  most  northern  cape  of  South  America? 

59.  Which  the  most  eastern? 

60.  ■^Vhich  the  most  southern? 

61.  On  what  island  is  this  cape?     lit. 

62.  Which  is  the  most  western  cape? 

63.  Thi  ro  is  another  cape  of  the  same  name  in  South  Amo- 
rica;  where  is  it  situated? 

04.  What  cape  in  the  north-cast  corner  of  Brazil? 

65.  Into  what  body  of  water  does  this  cape  project? 

66.  What  cape  on  the  coast  of  Brazil,  near  the  Tropic  of 
Capricorn  ? 

67.  What  two  capes  on  the  coast  of  Buenos  Ayres? 

68.  What  cape  forms  the  western  extremity  of  Terra  del 
Fuego? 

69.  Into  what  body  of  water  does  this  cape  project? 

70.  What  peninsti'a  on  the  east  of  Patagonia? 


71. 
72. 
of  J- 
73. 
74. 


-*as,'iV- 


'1^^ 


t 


ti 


riKonRAPniCAL  qukbtionb. 


78 


coast  of  Brazil. 


;ouia? 

ruan  Fernandez? 
[Is  of  -^uan  Fcr- 


Botch  sailor,  whose 
aed  to  have  formed 
rusoe. 

lutb  America? 


e  in  South  Amo- 

Brazil  ? 

project? 

&r  the  Tropic  of 

3  Ayres? 

lity  of  Terra  del 

project? 
lia? 


P^ 


71.  What  on  tlio  wcf<t? 

72.  What  rniigo  of  niountairig  cxtcnda  along  the  west  coast 
of  S  iith  America? 

73.  Which  18  the  highest  peak  of  this  rargo?     Aa. 

74.  lu  what  country  is  this  mountain? 

Aconcagua  is  not  only  the  highest  mountain  in  Americn,  but  the 
highest  volcano  on  the  globe. 

75.  What  18  the  height  of  Aconcagua? 
7(1.  What  three  pcakn  in  Ecuador? 
richiiicliii  and  Cotopaxi  are  volcanoes. 

77.  What  range  in  the  western  part  of  Brazil? 

78.  W'hat  in  the  ca.stern? 

79.  W'hat  mountains  near  Rio  Janeiro?     On. 

80.  What  range  separates  Guiana  from  Brazil? 

81.  Describe   the    following    cities    and    towns   of    South 
A  aicrica : 


JVew  Grenada. 

82.  Popayan. 

83.  Socorro. 

84.  Carthagcna. 

85.  Panama. 

Venezuela. 

86.  Valencia. 

87.  Maracaibo. 

88.  Laguayra. 

Equador. 

89.  Guayaqnil. 

90.  Cuenja. 

Brazil 

91.  Bahia,  or  St.  Salvador. 

7 


92.  Pernambuco. 

93.  Maranham. 

94.  Para. 

Guiana. 

95.  Georgetown. 
90.  Paramaribo. 

97.  Cayenne. 

Peru. 

98.  Cuzco. 

99.  Arequipa. 

100.  Guamanga. 

Bolivia. 

101.  Chuquisaca. 

102.  La  Paz. 


f 


w 


n 


V. 


I' 


74 


OEOORArillCAI.  QUKSTJONH. 


Buenof  Jtyret. 
lor*.  (!orJ<)Vu. 
1()»5.  Mcntlozii. 


Chill. 
111.!.    Valparaiso. 
104.  Coquimbo. 

107.  lu  wliiit  part  of  Soutli  America  nro  the  Llanos  found? 

108.  Ill  what,  the  Sortam? 
101).  lu  what,  the  Vampas? 

Thc»fl  arc  naraen  given  to  immense  plains,  on  wWch  range  vait 
numbers  of  cattle  ontl  horses. 

110.  What  isthmus  connects  North  and  South  Americay 

111.  What  waters  arc  separated  by  this  isthmus? 

112.  What  two  gulfs  on   the  north  of   South  America? 

Dn.,  Va. 

li;5.  What  three  bays  on  the  coast  of   Brazil?     A.  bs., 

Ma.,  Pa.  ,     ^„  , 

114.  What  four  l)etwccn  the  mouth  of  tho  La  1  lata  and 

Cape  Horn? 

llf).  What  gulf  west  of  Patagonia? 
110.  What  gulf  west  of  Bolivia? 

117.  What  two  bays  west  of  New  Granada? 

118.  What  large  lake  in  Venezuela? 

119.  What  lake  in  Peru  forms  tho  source  of  the  Amazon? 

120.  What  lake  partly  in  Bolivia  and  partly  in  Peru? 

This  is  QUO  of  the  most  romarkaVile  lakes  in  the  world.  It  i.-  situ- 
ated in  a  wide  valley  of  the  Andes,  12,7U5  feet  above  tho  level  of  the 
eea,  and  discharges  its  surplus  waters  through  the  river  Desaguadero, 
which  flows  into  a  smaller  lake.  150  miles  south,  having  no  visible 
outlet. 

121.  What  lake  near  tnc  centre  of  Bolivia? 

122.  What  on  the  borders  of  Bolivia  and  Brazil? 

123.  What  two  lakes  in  Buenos  Ayrcs?    Ps,,  la. 

124.  What  lake  in  Venezuela  forms  the  head-waters  of  the 
Orinoco?     la. 

125.  What  river  flows  into  the  Caribbean  Sea? 


Jtt/res. 

vu. 

ioza. 

Llanos  found? 


*hich  rojige  va»t 

til  America  y 

inus  ? 

?outh  America? 

Jrazil?     A.  Sa., 

0  La  Plata  and 


if  the  Amazon? 
y  in  I'oru? 

I  world.  It  is  situ- 
)ve  tho  level  ol'  the 
liver  DfcsaguaJero, 
,  having  no  visible 

? 

Brazil? 
Ps.,  la. 

loaJ-waters  of  the 

Sea? 


(IEOOKAI'HICAL  qtlKHTloNS. 


75 


120.  What  great  river  flows  thrmigh  Venezuela? 

I'll.  Name  its  three  jirineipal  tributaries. 

VIH.  Whui  river  flows  through  Hriti.sh  fluiana? 

P29.   What  through   Dutch  (jluiaiia? 

l;(0.  What  rivf-r  separates  Dutch  and  French  (iuiana? 

i:U.  Wli;it  river  separates  Frencli  (Iuiana  and  IJriizil .' 

IM.  What  great  river  flows  through  IJrazil  ? 

i;i;j."  Into  what  dois  it  discharge  its  waters? 

1;M.  Near  what  inuiginnry  line? 

Tho  .\iiia/,i>n  river  anil  its  trilmturieH  water  a  ronion  exceeding  in 
exU  lit  twj  million  snuare  miles.  The  Anmzun  receives,  in  its  cimrse 
towards  the  sea,  tho  woters  of  ut  least  twenty  noblo  rivor^  navigable 
nearly  to  their  sources,  besides  numerous  leas  important  streams. 
The  inliind  navigation  of  this  great  river  and  its  branches  is  i  limatcd 
to  exceed  50,000  miles. 

i;}.').  Name  the  th-co  most  important  northern  branches. 
No,,  Ca.,  Po. 

130.  Name  tho  six  most  important  southern  branches.  Xu., 
Ts.,  Ma.,  Ps.,  Ja.,  Jy. 

137.  Name  tho  two  rivers  forming  tho  Amazon.     Ne,,  Ta. 

138.  What  branch  of  the  Amazon  is  connected  with  the 

Orinoco? 

139.  By  what  river  is  this  connection  made?     Cc. 

This  is  a  most  remarkable  connerlion,  by  a  navigable  river,  of  two 
of  the  largest  rivers  in  the  world.  There  is  probably  uo  other  such 
connection  on  the  globe. 

140.  What  river  of  Brazil  flows  into  tho  Atlantic  near  the 
Amazon  ? 

141.  Name   two   other   rivers   of   Brazil   flowing   into   tho 

Atlantic. 

142.  What  river  forms  the  western  boundary  of  Truguay? 

143.  What  the  cai::'.'rn  and  southern  boundary  of  Paraguay? 

144.  What  the  westtni? 


ii 


Ttl 


OKOOBAPIIirAIi  QIJMTIONS. 


145.  What  two  rivcPH  of  Huenoji  Ayros  flow  iuto  tlio  Para- 

guny?     I'o  ,  Vo. 

lit;.  What  two  into  tho  Tanina?    So.,  To. 

M".  What  river  in  tlio  southurn  part  of  Huono,<)  AyrcH? 

141^.  What  for»!i«  a  part  of  tlio  boumlary  between  Huenos 
Ayresi  and  I'sitagonia'!* 

14!).  Tlicrc  are  two  other  rivcr«  in  South  America  of  the 
same  name  with  this;  where  are  they? 

l")!).  What  two  rivers  in  i'litagonia? 

151.  What  river  flows  north-westerly  into  the  Caribbean  Sea? 
(Sec  Map  No.  XX.) 

15'J.  What  town  at  the  mouth? 

153.  What  bay  caot? 

154.  What  town  on  an  iwlaml  in  this  bay? 

155.  To  what  place  docs  a  rail-oad  cxtcnil  from  this  town? 
15G.  What  bodies  of  water  aro  connected  by  this  road? 
15T.  What  rivers  are  crossed  by  it? 

158.  What  town  about  midway  of  the  isthmus,  on  the  line 
of  this  road? 

This  map  represents  the  route  of  the  Panama  Railroad,  now  nearly 
completed.  It  is  by  this  course  thiU  n  large  portion  of  the  travel  to 
and  from  the  Atlantic  States  and  Ciilifornia  goes  forward. 

STATISTIOAL. 

159.  Which  is  the  largest  division  of  South  America? 

160.  Which  next  in  size?     Which  next? 
101.  Which  is  the  smallest? 

162.  Which  is  most  populous? 

163.  Which  ranks  as  second  in  population? 

164.  Which  has  least? 

1G5.  Which  is  most  thickly  settled? 

166.  Wliich  least? 

107.  Which  is  the  larger,  North  or  South  America? 


p. 


nto  tlio  Para- 

ins  AjTOH? 

twcon  Hucnos 
incrica  of  thu 

Juribbean  Sc-a? 


in  this  town? 
this  road? 

uis,  on  tbc  line 

road,  now  nearly 
of  the  travel  to 
word. 


America? 


mcrica? 


nEoouAriiu'Ai.  ijikstidnh. 


77 


ir>S.  How  imich  lar>?.'r  is  tho  oiif  tlmn  tlin  otbcr? 
KiU.   WbicU  li  the  litigcr,  Hn  zil  or  Ilritish  AnuTira? 
17(>.  Name  the  ino^t  pKiiulou.s  city  of  South  Anierioa. 
171.  Name  the  next  three  in  order,  ami  Htato  where  they 
are  situaN-d. 

IT'J.  The  next  two.     The  next. 
1T3.  Give  the  population  of  the  last. 

GENERAL  QUESTIONS  —  AMERICA. 

1.  ITow  many  empires  arc  there  in  America? 

2.  Name  them. 

;}.  "What  European  nations  have  posHeHftious  in  America? 

4.  Which  of  these  have  the  greatest  amount  of  territory? 

5.  Through  how  many  zones  does  America  extend? 

(1.  In  which  zone  should  you  think  the  greater  part  of  tho 
continent  to  be? 

7.  Are  any  divisions  of  North  America  in  tbc  Torrid  Zone? 

S.  If  so,  name  them. 

!».  What  part  of  America  is  crossed  by  the  Equator? 

10.  Name  the  countries  through  which  this  line  pauses. 

11.  What  is  the  Equator? 

12.  Name  the  countries  cros.scd  by  tlie  Tropic  of  Capricorn. 

13.  What  divisions  are  crossed  by  the  Tropic  of  Cancer? 

14.  In  which  of  the  Frigid  Zones  is  any  part  of  America? 

15.  Which  is  farthest  east,  Quito  or  Washington?  IJostun 
or  Caraccas?     Cincinnati  or  Vanama? 

16.  Name  the  waters  through  which  a  vessel  would  pas^,. 
transporting  California  gold  to  the  Mint  at  Philadelphia. 

17.  What  would  bo  the  general  direction,  and  through  whnf. 
waters  would  a  vessel  sail,  loaded  with  coffee,  from  Rio  Janciia 
for  Baltimore  ? 

18.  Is  Cape  Horn  on  an  island  or  the  main  land? 


■  l.f 


jM. 


w 

'ift  ■ 


fe- 


i 


«. 


■  ^ 


=  !ri 


'<ti 


f 


t 


78 


OEOGBAPIIICAL   QUESTIONS. 


19.  Is  Terra  del  Fuego  an  island  or  a  peninsula? 

20.  What  is  the  difference  between  an  island  and  a  pe- 
ninsula ? 

21.  How  mn'  "  cities  of  North  America  exceed  or  equal  in 
population  the  largest  city  of  South  America? 

22.  Does  North  or  South  America  contain  the  longest  river? 

23.  Does  North  or  South  America  contain  the  highest  moun- 
tain?    The  largest  lake? 

24.  In  which  division  are  the  inhabitants  most  enlightened? 

25.  How  far  is  it  from  Guiana  to  Liberia? 

26.  How  far  is  it  from  Chili  to  New  Zealand? 

27.  Which  of  the  South  American  States  extends  into  North 
America? 

28.  What  isthmus  constitutes  a  part  of  this  State? 

2      Jn  which  division,  North  or  South  America,  do  most 
earthi^aakes  occur? 

30.  In  which  zone  are  most  volcanoes  found  ? 

31.  Are  there  any  volcanoes  in  the  United  States?     If  so, 
tell  what  and  where  they  are. 

32.  In  what  division  of  America  are  volcanoes  most  nu- 
merous? 

33.  Where  on  the  Western  Continent  are  the  most  celebrated 
hot  springs? 

34.  In  what  part  of  the  Western   Continent  do  icebergs 
originate  ? 

35.  Describe,  if  you  can,  some  great  earthquake  of  which 
you  have  read. 

36.  Describe  also  the  eruption  of  some  noted  volcano. 

37.  Write  a  composition  on  each  of  these  subjects. 


la? 

ind  and  a  pe- 

led  or  equal  in 

!  longest  river  ? 
highest  moun- 

!t  enlightened  ? 


mds  into  North 

itate? 

lerica,  do  most 


States?     If  so, 

inoes  most  nu- 

most  celebrated 

int  do  icebergs 

[uake  of  which 

[  volcano, 
bjects. 


OEOaUAPinCAL  QUESTIONS.  73 

MAP   NO.    XXI. 
EUROPE. 

1.  In  what  direction  from  the  United  States  is  Europe? 

2.  What  ocean  lies  between? 

3.  What  ocean  on  the  north  of  Europe? 

4.  What  great  division  on  the  east? 

5.  What  great  sea  on  the  south? 
6    Of  what  does  Europe  consist  ? 

a'  Of  50  independent  States,  comprising  3  EmpireB,  15  Kingdom.. 
7  Grand  Duchies,  1  Electorate,  11  Duchies.  1  L.r.igro.y.<^^  S  Pnn- 
cipaUties,  1  Ecclesiastical  State,  5  Republics,  and  4  Free  CU:es. 

7.  Which  of  these  divisions  is  largest? 
A.  Russia. 

8.  Which  division  adjoins  Asia? 

9.  Which  approaches  nearest  Africa? 

10.  Which  nearest  America? 

11.  Which  divisions  border  on  the  Atlantic  Oceav.? 

12.  Which  the  North  Sea? 

13.  Which  the  Baltic  Sea?  I 

14.  Which  the  Mediterranean' 

15.  Which  divisions  border  the  Bay  of  Biscay? 

16.  Which  border  the  Adriatic  Sea? 

17.  Which  the  Black  Sea? 

18.  What  division  near  the  centre  contains  numerous  small 

States  ? 

19.  What  peninsula  in  the  south-western  part  of  Europe? 

20.  What  in  the  south? 

21.  What  peninsula  east  of  the  North  Sea? 

22.  What  south  of  Russia? 

23.  What  two  divisions  between  the  Baltic  Sea  and  Atlantic 
constitute  a  great  peninsula? 


r: 


Ad 


80  GEOaRAPinCAL  QUESTIONS. 

24.  What  peninsula  south  of  Turkey? 

25.  What  important  group  of  islands  west  of  Europe? 

26.  What  group  west  of  Norway  belonging  to  Denmark  ? 

27.  What  island  north-west  of  the  Faroe  Isles? 

28.  What  islands  on  the  coast  of  Norway,  south  of  the 
Arctic  Circle? 

29.  Where  are  the  Loffoden  Isles?    Where  Langoe?     Sen- 
gen?  Soroe?    Mageroe? 

30.  In  what  zone  are  the  above  isknds? 

31.  What  three  islands  cast  of  Denmark?     Fn.,  Zd.,  Ku. 

32.  Name  the  five  other  islands  of  the  Baltic  Sea. 

33.  What  group  of  islands  east  of  Spain? 

34.  What  two  large  islands  west  of  Italy? 

35.  What  are  south-west? 

36.  Where  are  the  Ionian  Isles? 

37.  What  large  island  south-east  of  Greece?     Ca. 

38.  What  two  ranges  of  mountains  separate  Europe  from 
Asia? 

39.  In  what  direction  does  each  of  these  ranges  extend? 

40.  What  range  of  mountains  separates  Sweden  and  Nor- 
way ?     Sn. 

This  range  of  mountains,  known  by  vailous  names,  as  Dovreiield, 
Dofrafield,  &c.,  covers  more  than  half  tlie  surface  of  Norway. 

41.  What  two  ranges  of  mountains  in  France? 

42.  What  range  separates  France  and  Spain? 

43.  What  range  in  the  northern  part  of  Spain? 

44.  What  two  other  ranges  in  Spain? 

45.  What  range  separates  Italy  from  Franco  and  Swit- 
zerland ? 

46.  What  range  extends  through  the  peninsula  of  Ifcily  ? 

47.  What  range  in  Turkey? 

48.  What  range  in  Austria? 


f  Europe? 
to  Denmark'/ 

es? 

r,  south  of  the 

Langoe  ?     Sen- 


Fn.,  Zd.,  Ku. 
c  Sea. 


Ca. 
te  Europe  from 

ges  extend? 
veden  and  Nor- 

63,  as  Dovrefleld, 
f  Norway. 

e? 
? 

in? 

ince  and  Swit- 
ala  of  Ifeily  ? 


GEOORAPinCAL   QUESTIONS. 


81 


49.  What  volcano  in  Iceland? 

There  are  in  Iceland  eight  volcanoes  known  ts  have  been  active 
within  a  century.  The  last  great  destructive  eraption  of  Mt.  Hecla 
continued  from  the  2d  of  September,  1H4.5,  to  the  6th  of  April,  1846. 
During  this  eruption,  the  ashes  reached  tho  Orkney  Islands,  a  dis- 
tance of  nearly  700  miles. 

50.  Which  i.s  the  most  northern  cape  of  Europe? 

51.  Is  it  upon  an  island  or  the  main  land? 

North  Cape,  on  the  island  of  Mageioe,  i3  an  enormous  mass  of 
bare  rock,  rising  boldly  from  the  Arctic  Ocean  to  tlie  height  of  1150 
feet. 

52.  What  is  the  most  northern  cape  of  Russia? 

53.  What  is  the  most  southern  cape  of  Europe?     Mn. 

54.  What  the  south-western?     St.  Vt. 

55.  The  most  southern  cape  of  Sicily? 

56.  What  the  most  western  of  Spain  ? 

57.  What  cape  at  the  southern  extremity  of  Norway?     Nc. 

58.  Russia  is  bordered  by  five  different  seas :  name  them, 
and  tell  where  they  are. 

59.  Turkey  borders  on  five  different  seas:  name  them,  and 
tell  where  they  are. 

60.  Italy  borders  on  two :  what  are  they  ? 

61.  What  are  the  two  on  which  England  borders? 

62.  What  sea  between  Sweden  and  Russia? 

63.  Whatscw  lie  between  Europe  and  Asia? 

64.  What  ouo  Liatween  Europe  and  Africa? 

65.  What  between  It^ly  and  Austria? 

66.  What  between  England  and  Denmark?  England  and 
Ireland  ? 

67.  Wiiich  of  these  seas  has  no  outlet?     Cn. 
The  Caspian  Sea  is  remarkable  for  being  the  largest  body  of  water 

in  the  world  having  no  known  communication  with  the  ocean.     It  is 
estimated  to  contain  an  area  of  about  145,000  square  miles.     Its  sur- 


i 


if 


i 


\f 


T 


ii 


I  I 


82 


GEOGRAl'IlICAL  QUESTIONS. 


face  is  about  eighty-four  feet  below  tliat  of  the  Mediterranean,  ami 
its  waters  are  salt,  though  less  so  than  those  of  the  ocean. 

68.  What  two  gulfs  north  of  Russia? 

69.  What  three  west? 

70.  What  one  north  of  Prussia? 

71.  Where  is  the  Bay  of  Biscay? 

72.  Where  is  the  Gulf  of  Genoa? 

73.  What  gulf  south  of  France? 

74.  What  south  of  Italy? 

75.  Where  is  Drontheim  Fiord?     Bukke  Fiord? 
Fiord  means  an  inlet  of  the  sea,  or  bay. 

76.  What  two  channels  connect  the  waters  of  the  Baltic  and 

North  Seas? 

77.  What  channel  between  Ireland  and  Scotland? 

78.  ^^'hat  waters  arc  connected  by  this  channel? 

79.  What  strait  separates  England  and  France? 

80.  What  channel  flows  between  the  same  countries? 

81.  What  is  the  difference  between  a  strait  and  a  channel? 

82.  What  channel  leads  from  the  Atlantic  northerly  into  the 

Irish  Sea? 

83.  What  strait  leads  from  the  Atlantic  into  the  Mediterra- 
nean Sea? 

84.  What  grand  divisions  are  separated  by  these  straits? 

85.  How  wide  are  they? 

86.  What  strait  connects  the  Black  Sea  and  Sea  of  Azov? 

87.  What  channel,  the  Black  Sea  and  Sea  of  Marmora? 

88.  What  strait,  the  Sea  of  Marmora  and  the  Archipelago? 

89.  What  strait,  the  Adriatic  Sea  and  the  Mediterranean? 

90.  What  strait  between  Italy  and  Sicily? 

91.  Wb'vt  between  Corsica  and  Sardinia? 

92.  AVhat  three  lakes  in  Sweden? 

93.  In  what  country  is  the  Lake  of  Geneva? 

94.  In  what  part  of  llussia  is  Lake  Enare? 


Wl 
Wl 
Wl 
Wl 

Na 


D5.  What 

96.  TL-^rc 
St.  Petersbu 

97.  Whic 

98.  Whai 

99.  ^Vha 
and  Asia? 

100.  Int( 

101.  Wh 

102.  Wh 

103.  Wb 
104. 
105. 
106. 
107. 
108 

of  Bothria 

109.  Int 

110.  In 
rise  ? 

111.  W 

112.  W 
flows  into  t 

113.  Tt 
Sea:  what 

114.  Nf 

115.  W 
116. 
117. 
118. 
119. 
120.  la 

121.  y\ 


In 
W 
la 


editerraneaii,  and 
ocean. 


iord? 

of  the  Baltic  and 

tland? 

inel? 

nee? 

countries  ? 

and  a  channel? 

aortherly  into  the 

to  the  Mediterra- 

thesc  straits? 

d  Sea  of  Azov  ? 
of  Marmora? 
the  Archipelago? 
Mediterranean? 


'a? 
? 


GEOORAPniCAL   QUESTIONS.  83 

05.  What  other  lake  in  Ivussia,  north  of  the  Arctic  Circle? 
96.  Tii'ire  are  four  largo  'akes  in  Russia,  not  far  distant  from 
St.  Petersburg :  name  tbepi. 
5)7.  Which  of  the  four  \->  longest? 

98.  Whai,  two  lakes  north  of  the  Gulf  of  Finland? 

99.  ^Vhat  river  forms  part  of  the  boundary  between  Europe 

and  Asia? 

100.  Into  what  does  it  flow? 

101.  What  large  river  of  Russia  flows  into  the  same  sea? 

102.  What  river  of  Russia  flows  into  the  Arctic  Ocean? 

103.  What  two  into  the  White  Sea? 

104.  What  one  into  the  Gulf  of  Onega? 

105.  What  into  the  Gulf  of  Riga? 

106.  What  two  through  Prussia  into  the  Gulf  of  Dantzic? 

107.  What  river  separates  Sweden  and  Russia? 

108.  Name  the  six  rivers  of  Sweden  flowing  into  the  Gulf 
of  Bothria. 

109.  Into  what  lake  does  the  Clara  flow  ? 

110.  In  what  range  of  mountains  do  these  rivers  take  their 

vise? 

111.  What  river  of  Prussia  flows  northerly  into  the  Baltic? 

112.  What  river  of  Germany,  noted  for  its  beautiful  scenery, 

flows  into  the  North  Sea?     Re,  .     vr     v 

113.  Three  other  rivers  from  Germany  flow  into  the  North 

Sea:  what  are  they? 

114.  Name  the  four  principal  rivers  of  France. 

115.  Which  of  them  has  a  northerly  course? 

116.  Into  wUt  does  i*-  flow? 

117.  Which  has  a  southerly  course? 

118.  Into  wilt  does  it  flow? 

119.  What  is  the  general  course  of  the  remaining  two? 

120.  lato  what  do  they  flow  ? 

121.  What  river  of  Spain  flows  into  the  Mediterranean? 


f 


; 


'I::- 


■  lii.' 


i? 


84 


GEOOHArmCAI-  QUESTIONS. 


122.  What  two  rivers  flow  from  Spain  through  Portugal? 
12.3.  luto  what  do  they  empty? 

124.  What  river  in  the  north  of  Italy? 

125.  What  river  flows  through  Turkey? 
120.  From  what  empire  docs  it  enter  Turkey? 

127.  Into  what  sea  docs  it  flow? 

128.  What  are  its  principal  branches? 

129.  What  three  rivers  from  Russia  flow  into  the  Black  Sea? 

130.  Which  is  the  most  important?     Its  length? 

131.  Bound  Russia.     Name  its  capital. 

132.  What  is  the  north-western  part  of  Russia  called? 

133.  What  the  western,  adjoining  Prussia? 

Poland  wan  formerly  an  iudependent  kingdom,  larger  than  France ; 
but  at  various  times  portions  of  its  territory  were  seized  upou  nn.l 
appropriated  by  llussia,  Prussia,  and  Austria.  That  vihU-h  .  cmoineJ 
of  it  was,  in  1832,  made  an  iutcgi-l  part  of  the  Ru    .an  Empire. 

134.  What  region  between  the  Flack  and  Caspian  Seas?  Cs. 

135.  What  people  on  the  Don,  in  tho  south-eastern  part  of 
Russia? 

The  CoBsacka  of  this  region,  though  subject  to  llussia,  are  governed 
by  their  own  lows,  and  have  peculiar  usages.  They  are  estimated  tu 
number  about  500,000. 

137.  What  jMssessions  has  Russia,  out  of  Europe? 

A.  Sibciwi,  Georgia,  and  some  smaller  possessions  in  Asia;  and 
Russian  America,  upon  the  western  continent;  the  entire  empire 
embracing  about  one-seventh  of  the  land  surface  of  the  globe. 

138.  In  what  part  of  Russia,  and  on  what  river  or  other 
body  of  water,  are  the  following  towns? 

139.  St.  Petersburg.  143.  Riga. 

140.  Moscow.  144.  Kazan. 

141.  Warsaw.  145.  Cronstadt. 

142.  Odessa.  140.  Kiev. 


)Ugb  Portugal? 


cyf 

ito  the  Black  Sea? 
ength  ? 

ussia  called? 

? 

larger  than  France ; 

re  seized  upou  nnil 

'hat  whicii  'x'tnoineJ 

Ru     .an  Empire. 

Caspian  Seas?  Cs. 
th-eastern  part  of 

llussia,  are  governed 
hey  are  estimated  to 

Europe? 

dsions  in  Asia ;  an<i 
;   the  entire  empire 

of  the  globe. 

hat  river  or  other 


iga. 
azaii. 
ronstaJt. 
iev. 


GEOORAl'UICAT.-  OL'KSTIONS. 


85 


117.  Saratov. 

148.  Astrachan. 

149.  Tula. 


150.  Wilna. 

151.  Orel. 

152.  Sevastopol. 

153.  Bound  Sweden,  and  name  its  capital.     Bound  Norway. 

154.  What  foreign  pos-session  has  Sweden? 

A.  The  island  of  St.  Bartholomew,  in  the  West  Indies. 

155.  Describe  the  following  places  in  Sweden  and  Norway : 

156.  Stockholm.  159,  Bergen. 

157.  Oottenburg.  160.  Carlscrona. 

158.  Christiania.  Id-  Ilammcrfest. 
Ilammerfest,  on  Qualoe  (Whale)  Island,  is  the  most  northern  town 

in  Europe.  Though  north  of  70°,  the  heat  in  summer  is  sometimes 
ojipressivo,  and  in  winter  the  climate  is  mild  enough  to  carry  on  the 
fishery. 

IG'2.  What  noted  whirlpool  on  the  coast  of  Norway? 

A.  The  ^Maelstrom. 

This  whirlpool  is  caused  by  the  n^eeting  of  tides  and  currents  in 
the  ocean.  In  a  storm  it  is  said  to  roar  with  a  tremendous  noise,  and 
to  extend  its  influence  for  ten  or  twelve  miles,  vessels  being  some- 
times drawn  in  and  dashed  to  pieces. 

163,  Bound  Denmark.     Name  the  capital. 

164.  Of  what  does  Denmark  consist? 

A.  The  peninsula  of  Jutland,  the  Duchy  of  Sleswick,  several  isl- 
ands at  the  entrance  of  the  Baltic  Soa,  and  the  Duchies  of  Holstein 
and  Lanenburg  iu  Qerraany.  Its  foreign  possessions  are  the  Faroe 
Isles,  Iceland  and  Greenland  in  North  Americo,  and  several  small 
•.^l"'-  ' .  in  the  West  Indies. 

lo  what  part  of  Denmark  ia — 

165.  Copenhagen?  168.  Sleswick? 

166.  Elsineur?  169.  Flensburg? 

167.  Altona?  ITO.  Lanenburg? 
Elsineur  is  noted  as  tne  place  where  all  merchant  vessels  except 

Swedish  and  Danish  pay  a  toll  on  passing  in  and  out  from  the  Baltic. 
In  1846,  18,765  vcw^els  passed  this  point. 
8 


^^ 


t3 


f 


:      A 

,i 

1    , 


t  r 

i'  ■  ; 


5U'?. 


80 


OEOllRAI'inCAL   QUKSTIONS. 


171.  IJiiuiul  llDlland.     Name  the  capital. 

172.  Wliat  foreign  possessions  has  Holland? 

A.  Jnvii,  the  Spice  I.slands,  and  some  sottlemcnts  in  Occftiiicn 
I'.lmitm,  nil  the  const  of  Oiiinen,  in  Africa;  Siiriiinm,  in  (luinna,  Sciith 
America ;  iiinl  tliD  iblanJH  of  C^urav'^a  ami  St.  Eustiitiii,  iu  the  AVc! 
Indies. 

173.  AVIiat  possessions  in  Europe  has  Holland? 

A.  I'ortion?  of  the  Grand  "  ichy  of  Luxtinlmrg  and  of  tlio  Ihieliv 
of  Limburg,  in  Ocrm.iny. 

174.  Describe  the  position  of  the  following  places: 
175.  Amsterdam.  177.  llottcrdani. 
170.  The  Hague.  178.  Groningen. 

179.  Bound  Belgium.     Name  the  capital. 

180.  What  possessions  in  Europe  has  Belgium? 

A.  A  i)art  of  Luxemburg  and  Limburg.  Belgium  has  uo  foreign 
possessions. 

181.  AVlicre,  and  how  situated,  are  the  following  cities  and 
towns  ? 

182.  Brussels.  184.  Antwerp. 

183.  Ghent.  185.  Liege. 

186.  Of  what  does  Prussia  consist? 

A.  Of  two  detached  sections — Rlienish  Trussia,  or  Trussia  on  the 
Rhine,  ami  Prussia  east  of  the  river  Weser ;  also,  several  small  dis- 
tricts in  Germany. 

187.  What  is  the  capital  of  Prussia?    Bn. 

188.  Bound  Rhenish  Prussia.     (See  Map  No.  XXIII.) 

189.  Bound  Prussia  east  of  the  Weser. 

190.  What  part  of  Prussia  is  in  Germany? 

A.  All  of  llhc  aish,  and  a  great  part  of  Eastern  Prussia. 

191.  Bound  i*!  ustria.     Name  the  capital. 

192.  W^hat  part  of  Germany  is  included  in  the  Empire  of 
Austria? 

A.  About  one-third. 


» 


Jii 


[iicnts  in  OccftJiicfi 
ra,  in  (luiiina,  Scmh 
ustiitiii,  ill  the  Wr.i 

land? 

g  uiid  of  the  Ducliy 

»  places : 
-ttcrdani. 
oningen. 

gium  ? 

;ium  has  uo  foreign 

jUowing  cities  am] 

itwerp. 
ego. 

ia,  or  Trussia  on  thu 
a,  several  small  (lis- 


.  No.  XXIII.) 

■? 

'n  Prussia. 


in  the  Empire  of 


flEOORAI'IlICAIi  QUK8TI0NS. 


87 


193.  What  part  of  Italy? 

A.  Tho  Kingdom  of  Lombar.ly  niul  Venice,  comprising  about  one- 
seventh  of  nil  Italy. 

194.  What  arc  the  reinaining  divi»ions   of    tho   Au.strian 

Kinpire? 

A.  Hungary  in  tlic  ea.«t,  (iallicia  in  the  north-east,  and  Dalmatin, 
borderinij;  on  the  Adriatic  Rea,  on  the  south. 

With  Hungary  is  imludoa  TranHylvania,  Croatia,  Sclavonia,  nnil 
the  Military  Frontier.  I  iider  the  .luestions  for  Map  No.  XXiU.  will 
be  found  a  full  explanation  of  tho  Austrian  and  Prussian  possessions 
in  Germany. 

195.  IJound  Turkey.     Name  the  capital. 
190.  In  what  part  of  Turkey  is  Moldavia? 

197.  In  what  part  is  Servia?     Wallachia? 

These  provinces,  known  as  tho  "  Danubiun  Province."),"  though 
considered  n  part  of  Turlfcy,  are  in  all  res<pects  independent,  except 
that  they  pay  an  annual  fixed  tribute  to  the  Porte. 

198.  Describe  the  situation  of  the  foUowintr  cities  and  towns: 

199.  Constantinople,  '204.  Adrianople. 

200.  Salonica.  205.  Bucharest. 

201.  Sophia.  206.  Seragivo. 

202.  Belgrade.  207.  Seres*. 

203.  Widin.  208.  Jassy. 

MAP  NO.  XXIII. 

GERMANY,  SWITZKULAND,  AND  NOUTHEBN  ITALY. 

1.  What  does  Germany  comprise  ? 

A.  A  part  of  the  Empire  of  Austria  aud  Kingdom  of  Prussia,  tlic 
•wlole  of  Bavaria,  Hanover,  Saxony  and  Wirtemburg,  2!)  smaller 
.Stages,  and  4  Free  Cities. 

Taese  States  form  the  union  kn'^vrn  as  the  "  Germanic  Confedera- 
tion." They  are  united  for  mutual  safety  and  defence.  Each 
State  is  independent,  but  for  general  purposes  the  whole  are  go- 
verned by  the  Diet,  a  body  composed  of  delegates  from  the  different 
States. 


51 


88  OEOflRAPniCAIi  QUEHTI0N8. 

2.  In  what  jiart  of  Eii''  ipo  is  Gornmny  Hitvuitcd? 

8.  Name  tlic  divisions  of  (rcrniany  borderiug  on  tho  Baltic 

Sea.  To.,  Mg.,  Lg.,  Hn. 

4.  Nuinc  the  diviBions  bordering  on  tho  North  Sea.     Iln., 

Ilr.Og. 

5.  What  gr-'at  division  borders  on  tho  Adriatic  Sea,  or  Gulf 
of  Venice?     Aa. 

(5.  Througii  what  livininn  docH  the  river  Oder  flow? 

7.  Into  wliat  sea? 

8.  Ill  what  division  doos  the  Elbe  rise? 

9.  Through  what  division  flow?    What  separate ? 

10.  What  division  lies  principally  between  tho  'V/'escr  ami 
the  Elbe? 

11.  What  on  both  sides  of  the  Rhino  1 

19.  In  what  division  does  the  Danube  risci" 

13.  Through  what  dors  it  flow? 

14.  In  what  part  of  Gcrniiiny  are  each   of  the  following 
divisions  ? 


15.  Austria. 

16.  Prussia. 

17.  Bavaria. 

18.  Wirtenibcrg. 

19.  Hanover. 
9.0.  Saxony. 

21.  Baden. 

22.  Hesse-Cassel. 

23.  Hesse-Darmstadt- 

24.  Hesse-Uomburg- 

25.  Luxemburg. 


26.  Holstein. 

27.  Brunswick. 

28.  Mecklenburg-Strelitz. 
20.  IMecklenb'g-Schwerin. 

30.  Oldenburg. 

31.  Nassau. 

32.  Waldeck. 

83.  Frankfort. 

84.  Bremen. 

35.  Hamburg. 

36.  Lubec. 


Frankfort,  Bremen,  Hamburg,  and  Lubec,  are  free  cities. 


50. 


VM  ^ 


tod? 

ig  on  tiio  Baltic 

rth  Soa.     Hn.. 

lie  Soa,  or  Gulf 

;r  flow? 


irate? 
tho  'Veacr  and 


af  the  following 

Lein. 

swick. 

lenburg-Strelitz. 

;lcnb'g-Scbwerin. 

nburg. 

lU. 

leek. 

kfort. 

len. 

burg. 

c. 

rree  cities. 


ClEOdllAl'IlKAl.   QL'ESTIONH. 


m 


;J7.  Oernmn  .Vustria  cou.priae.  the  following  divisions:  in 
whut  purt  of  the  empire  in  each  bituated? 

3M.  Hohemia.  42.  Austrian  Silesia. 

:jU.  IMoravia.  43.  Ulyria. 

40.  Upper  Austria.  44.  Lower  Austria. 

41.  Styria.  4r).  Cariuthia. 

40.  Tyrol. 
T'  sf  ^    «tria  not  in  Germany  are  (see  Map  No.  XXI.)  tb 

Hungary,  Dalraatin,  Lombnrdy  and  Venloo,  bn'( 
tin,  irangyWania. 

4  .nountains  is  IJohenii-i  surrounded  ■/ 

48.  Where  are  tho  Norio  Alpa?     Julian  Alps?     Carnie 
Alps?     Styriau  Alps?     llhetian  Alps? 

49.  Tho  following  provinces  of  Prustfia  are  in  Germany:  tell 
how  they  aro  situated. 

50.  Silesia.  53.  Saxony. 

51.  Pomerania.  64.  Westphalia. 

52.  Brandenburg.  55.  llhino  Province, 

The  provinces  of  Prussia,  not  in  Oemiany,  are  Bust  TruHsia,  Wen 
Prussia,  and  Posen. 

50.  Where  in  Geruinuy  aro  tho  Hartz  Mountains?     Where 
the  Black  Forest? 


Wl 


57. 


Of  what  Gorman  States  are  the  following  cities  capital^:' 


Tell  also  how  they  are  situated. 

58.  Vienna. 

59.  Berlin. 
GO.  Munich. 

61.  Stuttgard. 

62.  Hauover. 
G3.  Dresden. 

64.  Carlsruhe 

65.  Cassel. 


8* 


66.  Darmstadt. 

67.  Homburg. 

68.  Kiel. 

69.  Luxemburg. 

70.  Brur   ,,i.vk. 

71.  Schwerin. 

72.  New  Strelitz. 

73.  Oldenburg. 
74.  Wiesbaden. 


r 


90 


or.odRAiMinAi.  qi;kstions. 


1 1 . 

79. 
HO. 
81. 
82. 

8:j. 

84. 


75.  Ilorabiirg,  TricHto,  Hn;ia«n,  iiiul  LuIhc,  iiro  tlio  piimi- 
l.al  cominerciiil  towns  of  Gerniiiny:  tell  where  cuch  is  situuttil. 
70,   Desciilfu  tlio   situatiim  of  thu   following  citicB.     (Sec 
MapH  No9.  XXI.  and  XXIII. 

Jiislria.  Pruxsia. 

PcHth.  85.  HrcHluu. 

lluda.  80.  Cologne. 

Proguci.  87.  Konigsborg. 

Tioniborg.  88.  Dantzio. 

Debrotzin.  81).  Magdeburg. 

Oniti.  90.  Aix-ln-Cbapollo. 

IJrunn.  91.   I'o.sen. 

Cracow.  92.  Stettin. 

03.  You  can  travel  by  railroad  from  Ilnmburg,  on  the  river 
Kibe,  to  Trieste,  upon  the  Adriatic  Sea.  Tell  what  States  you 
would  cross,  and  what  cities  pass  through,  in  so  doing. 

94.  What  noted  battle-fields  are  on  or  near  the  route? 

95.  Name  the  cities  through  which  you  wouM  pass,  proceed- 
ing by  railroad  from  Bremen  to  the  Lake  of  Constance? 

90.  What  States  would  you  cross? 

97.  Name  the  cities  through  which  you  would  pass,  proceed- 
ing from  Dusscldorf,  on  the  Rhine,  to  Hasle,  in  Switzerland. 

98.  What  mountains  on  the  west  of  Switzerland? 

99.  What  on  the  south? 

100.  What  lake  on  the  northern  boundary  of  Switzerland? 

101.  Into  what  river  does  this  lake  flow? 

102.  What  lake  of  Switzerland  flows  into  the  Rhone? 

103.  Name  the  five  interior  lakes  of  Switzerland. 

104.  On  what  river  or  lake  are  the  following  towns  of  Swit- 
zcrland  situated? 

105.  Berne.  108.  Lucerne. 

106.  Basle.  109.  Constance. 

107.  Geneva.  HO.  Zurich. 


r 


u. 

in. 

)urg,  on  thu  river 

what  States  you 
)o  doing. 

tlie  rnuto? 
uM  pnss,  prooceil- 
Constance  'i 

luld  pass,  procccJ- 
in  Switzerlaml. 
erland? 

of  Switzerland  ? 

tho  Rhone? 

erland. 

ng  towns  of  Swit- 

cerno. 

Dstance. 

rich. 


%J 


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Sciences 

Corooration 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  873-4503 


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GEOGRAI'HICAL  QUESTIONS, 


91 


MAP   NO.    XXIV. 

niANCE,  SPAIN,  PORTUGAL,  AND   ITALY. 

1.  What  does  Italy  comprise? 

A.  Three  Kingdoms  (Lombardy  and  Venioe,  Sardinia,  end  Naples), 
the  States  of  the  Church  (a  Popedom),  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Tuscany, 
the  Duchies  of  Parma  and  Modena,  the  Republic  of  San  Marino,  and 
the  Principality  of  Monaco;  in  all,  nine  divisions, 

2.  AVhat  island  forms  a  part  of  Tuscany? 
A,  Elba, 

3.  What,  a  part  of  the  Kingdom  of  Sardinia? 
A,  Sardinia. 

4.  What  islands  form  a  part  of  the  Kingdom  of  Naples? 
A.  Sicily,  and  the  Lipari  Islands. 

5.  What  range  of  mountains  extends  through  Italy? 
G.  What  mountains  on  the  north  1 

7.  What  celebrated  mountain  in  Sardinia! 

8.  How  high  is  Mont  Blanc? 

The  limit  of  the  snow-line  of  tliis  mountain  is  8000  feet  above  the 
sea.     It  was  first  ascended  by  Paccard,  August  8,  178(5. 

9.  What  celebrated  volcano  near  Naples? 

Since  the  year  79,  when  the  cities  of  Herculaneum  and  Pompeii 
were  destroyed  by  this  volcano,  up  to  1850,  forty-nine  eruptions  are 
recorded. 

10.  What  noted  volcano  in  Sicily? 

11.  What  in  the  Lipari  Islands? 

12.  Between  what  two  seas  is  Italy  situated? 

13.  What  gulf  south  of  Sardinia? 

14.  W^hat  two  east  of  Naples? 

15.  What  strait  separates  Sicily  and  Naples? 

16.  What,  Corsica  and  Sardinia? 

17.  What  gulf  south  of  the  island  of  Sardinia? 

18.  What  lake  between  Sardinia  and  Switzerland? 


I  1 


92 


GEOGRAl'HICAL  QUESTIONS. 


19.  What  two  in  Lombardy  and  Venice? 

20.  Into  what  river  does  the  water  of  these  lakes  flow  ? 

21.  What  divisions  of  Italy  are  separated  by  the  To? 

22.  What  river  in  the  States  of  the  Churcli? 

23.  Which  of  the  Italian  States  extends  furthest  north? 

24.  Which  farthest  south?     East?    West? 

25.  In  what  part  of  Italy  is  San  Marino? 

26.  What  division  is  entirely  in  the  interior?    Pa. 

27.  In  what  State,  and  how  situated,  are  the  following  cities 
of  Italy? 

28.  Rome.  37.  Parma. 

29.  Naples,  '58.  Modena. 

30.  Venice.  39.  Cagliari. 

31.  Milan.  40.  Syracuse. 

32.  Turin.  41.  Leghorn. 

33.  Genoa.  42.  Pisa. 

34.  Florence.  43.  Padua. 

35.  Messina.  44.  Mantua. 

36.  Bologna.  45.  Ferrara. 

46.  Through  what  cities  and  towns,  and  across  what  rivers, 
would  you  pass  in  proceeding  from  Genoa,  by  railroad,  to 
Venice  ? 

47.  How  is  France  boundc'^'' 

48.  What  is  its  capital? 

49.  Bound  Spain.     Name  ti.    ^..pital. 

50.  Bound  Portugal     Name  the  capital. 

51.  What  islanJ  in  tue  Mediterranean  Sea  is  attached  to 
France?     Ca. 

52.  What  gror.p  to  Spain?    Be. 

53.  Name  the  islaads  constituting  the  Balearic  group. 

54.  What  division  of  France  forms  upon  its  western  coast  a 
peninsula?     By. 


% 


lakes  flow  ? 

jr  the  To? 

? 

thest  north '! 

1    Pa. 

e  following  cities 

a. 

>na. 

ari. 

3use. 

orn. 

a. 

bua. 

ira. 

cross  what  rivers, 

I,  by  railroad,  to 

lea  is  attached  to 


janc  group. 

its  western  coast  a 


OKOflRAinilCAri   QUESTIONS. 


98 


55.  Into  what  bpdy  of  water  docs  this  peninsula  extend? 

56.  What  mount^iins  between  Franco  and  Italy? 

57.  What  between  France  and  Switzerland? 

58.  Between  Franco  and  Spain? 

59.  What  two  ranges  west  of  the  Rhone? 

(10.  What  range  in  the  northern  part  of  Spain? 
(51.  Where  in  Spain  are  the  mountains  of  Castile? 
G2.  By  what  name  is  this  range  known  in  Portugal? 

63.  What  two  ranges  extend  across  the  southern  part  of 
Spain? 

64.  What  two  rivers  of  Spain  flow  into  the  Mediterranean? 

65.  What  one  of  France?     Re. 

66.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  eastern  boundary  of 
Portugal  ?  . 

67.  Into  what  does  it  flow? 

68.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  the  northern  boundary? 

69.  In  what  direction  and  into  what  does  it  flow? 

70.  What  two  rivers  of  Spain  flow  through  Portugal  into 

the  Atlantic? 

71.  What  two  rivers  of  France  flow  into  the  Bay  of  Biscay? 

72.  What  one  into  the  Englisn  Channel? 

73.  What  capo  near  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar? 

74.  What  cape  at  the  south-western  extremity  of  Portugal? 

75.  What  two  capes  on  the  west  coast? 

76.  What  one  on  the  west  coast  of  Spain? 

77.  What  on  the  north? 

78.  What  is  the  most  eastern  cape  of  Spain? 

79.  What  two  other  capes  on. the  eastern  coast? 

80.  Describe  the  following  cities  and  towns,  and  tell  where 
they  are  situated : 

France.  83.  Marseilles. 

81.  Paris.  84.  Bordeaux. 

82.  Lyons.  85-  Ro»en- 


m 


% 


liSfci 


4% 


94 


GKOORAHIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


86.  Nantes. 

87.  Toulouse. 

88.  Lille. 

89.  Straaburg. 

90.  Metz. 

91.  Rhcims. 

92.  Toulon. 

93.  Orleans. 

94.  Bastia. 

95.  Ajaccio. 

Portugal. 

96.  Lisbon. 

97.  Oporto. 

98.  St.  Ubcs. 

99.  Coimbra. 


Spain. 

100.  Madrid. 

101.  Barcelona. 

102.  Seville. 

103.  Valencia. 

104.  Granada. 

105.  Malaga. 

106.  Cadiz. 

107.  Murcia. 

108.  Cordova. 

109.  Saragossa. 

110.  Carthagena. 

111.  Corunna. 

112.  Alicant. 

113.  Port  Mahon. 

114.  Palma. 


115.  Through  what  cities  and  towns  would  you  pass,  pro- 
ceeding by  railroad  from  Calais  to  Marseilles? 

116.  Through  what,  from  Havre  to  Bordeaux? 

117.  Through  what,  from  Paris  to  Ghent?    Paris  to  Basle, 
Switzerland  ? 

118.  What  small  republic  in  the  north  of  Spain? 
A.  Andorri-. 

The  independence  of  this  little  republic,  containing  five  or  six 
thousand  inhabitants,  dates  from  the  time  of  Charlemagne,  700. 

119.  What  are  the  principal  foreign  possessions  of  SpJa? 
A.  The  islands  of  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico,  in  the  West  Indies;  Ceuta 

and  a  few  other  places  on  the  Barbary  Coast ;  and  a  portion  of  the 
Philippine  and  Ladrone  Islands,  in  Ooeanica. 

120.  What  are  the  principal  foreign  possessions  of  Portugnl  ? 

A.  The  Azores,  Madeira,  and  Cape  Verd  Islands,  in  the  Atlantic : 

a  few  settlements  in  Southern  Africa ;  Goa,  in  the  East  Indies ;  and 
Macao,  in  China. 


tpatn. 

drid. 

rcelona. 

rille. 

lencia. 

inada. 

laga. 

liz. 

ircia. 

•dova. 

'agossa. 

rthagena. 

runna. 

cant. 

rt  Mahon. 

[ma. 

lid  you  pass,  pro- 
I 

lUX? 

Paris  to  Basic, 

Spain? 

itaining  five  or  six 
•lemagne,  790. 

sions  of  Sp  Ja  ? 
West  Indies;  Ceuta 
ad  a  portion  of  the 

sions  of  Portugnl  ? 
ds,  ia  the  Atlantic  : 
a  East  Indies;  and 


OKOOU.M'HICAIi  QUESTIONS. 


MAP   NO.   XXV. 


05 


OREECE   AND   THE   IONIAN   ISLAND.S. 
1.  Bound  Greece.     Name  the  capital. 


Ma. 


<>. 
4. 
5. 
(5. 
7. 


What  is  the  southern  part  of  Greece  called? 

What  the  uorthrru?     lis. 

What  isthmus  connects  the  two? 

Which  lUvision.is  a  peninsula? 

AVhat  celebrated  mountain  in  Hellas?     Ps. 

What  large  island  on  the  east  of  Greece?     Nt. 

8.  The  Grecian  islands  arc  colored  yellow:  name  some  of  tho 
I'vrgbT  of  them. 

9.  The  islands  of  the  Archipelago,  not  colored,  belong  to 
Turkey  :  name  the  principal  of  them. 

10.  In  what  sea  are  these  islands  situated? 

11.  What  two  gulfs  on  the  east  of  Greece? 

12.  What  two  on  the  south? 

13.  What  between  the  Morea  and  Hellas?     Lo. 

14.  What  gulf  between  the  island  of  Cephalonia  and  (ho 
peninsula  of  the  Morea? 

15.  What  gulf  on  the  north-west  of  Hellas? 

16.  What  noted  battle-field  north- aast  of  Athens? 

17.  What  celebrated  pass  in  the  northern  part  of  Grc.nx'.' 
A.  The  Pass  of  Thermopylie. 

It  is  situated  between  mountains  on  the  north,  and  wutur  on  tiit- 

,uth,  is  about  five  miles  in  length,  and  consists  principally  of  a  Jeep 

lorass,  through  which  is  carried  a  narrow  paved  causeway.     Here 

eotiidas  and  300  Spartans  fell  in  opposing  the  advance  of  an  immense 

Persian  army,  489  years  before  Christ. 

18.  Where  is  Athens?    Where  Syra?    On  what  gulf  is 
Corinth?    Napoli?     Missolonghi? 


m4 


4l^ 


•'  I 


^.itfev. 


96  GEOOBAVmCAIi  QUKSTI0N8. 

19.  What  group  of  islands  west  of  Greece? 

20.  Name  the  priticipal  islands  of  this  group. 

21.  Which  is  farthest  north?     Which  south? 

22.  Under  what  protection  are  these  islands? 
A.  That  of  Great  Britain. 

23.  On  what  island  is  Zante?     Corfu?     Kapseli? 

MAP  NO.  XIII. 
GKEAT   BRITAIN   AND   IRELAND. 

1.  What  docs  the  United  Kingdom  of  Groat  JJritain  and 
Ireland  comprise? 

A.  Tlie  Kingdoms  of  Englund,  Scotlond,  and  Ireland,  and  the 
Principality  of  Wales. 

2.  What  do  the  British  Islands  include? 

A.  Great  Britoin,  Ireland,  the  Isles  of  Wigiit,  Anglesea,  Man,  tho 
Soilly  Isles,  Bute,  Arran,  tlie  Hebrides,  and  tlie Orkney  and  Shetlanl 
Islands. 

3.  Where  is  the  Isle  of  Wight? 

4.  Where  is  Anglesea? 

5.  In  what  sea  is  the  Isle  of  Man? 

6.  Where  are  the  Sr'lly  Isles? 

7.  Near  what  division  is  Arran ?     Bute? 

8.  In  what  direction  from  Scotland  are  the  Hebrides? 

9.  By  what  other  name  are  they  also  known? 

10.  What  channel  separates  the  largest  of  the  Hebrides  from 
Scotland?    Mb. 

Minch  means  stormy  sea. 

11.  Name  the  five  larger  islands  of  the  Hebrides?  Ls.,  Sc, 
Ml,  N.  Ut.,  S.  Ut. 

12.  Where  are  the  Orkney  Islands? 

13.  Where  are  the  Shetland  Islands? 

14.  Which  of  them  is  farthest  north? 


■r" 


p- 

b? 

J? 

[apsclil 


D. 

rrcat  Jiritain  and 


I  Ireland,  and  the 


Anglesea,  Man,  tho 
rkney  and  Shetlan'l 


Hebrides? 


mi 


the  Hebrides  from 


brides?    Ls.,  Sc, 


CKOfinAPIUCAI.   QUESTIONS. 


9T 


15.  'NVbich  is  tlic  birgcst  of  the  Shetland  Isles? 
IG.  "Which  of  the  Orkney  Islamls? 

17.  What  sea  cast  of  Hcotluiid  and  England? 

18.  "What  channel  south  of  England? 
10.  "What  channel  Mouth  of  Wales? 

20.  What  sea  and  ocean  west  of  England? 

21.  What  ocean  north,  west,  and  south  of  Ireland? 

22.  What  north  and  west  of  Scotland? 

23.  What  are  tho  foreign  possessions  of  Great  Hritain? 

They  cousist  of  colonies  in  Asia,  Africa,  North  and  South  Ame- 
rica, and  Oceanica;  the  whole  nearly  equalling  in  extent  the  area  of 
the  Uussian  Empire,  and  comprisiMg,  with  the  exception  of  the  Chi- 
nese Empire,  the  greatest  number  of  people  on  the  globe  under  the 
control  of  one  sovereign. 

24.  Where  is  the  Island  of  Staffa  ? 

This  island  is  noted  for  its  extensive  caves ;  among  them,  Fingal's 
Cave,  celebrated  for  its  marvellous  beauty  and  grandeur. 

25.  In  what  part  of  Ireland  is  the  Giants'  Causewu}  ? 

This  is  a  platform,  400  feet  in  height,  projecting  into  tho  sea  about 
700  feet,  ai\d  much  resembling  a  pier.  It  contains  about  40,000  per- 
fectly formed  columns.  Popular  legend  ascribes  this  stupendous 
formation  to  the  labor  of  giants  seeking  to  construct  a  roud  across 
the  sea  to  Scotland. 

26.  What  is  the  most  northern  cape  of  Great  Britain? 

D.  Hd. 

27.  What  the  wost  sonthern?     L.  Pt. 

28.  What  is  the  south-western  extremity  of  Grea.  Britain 

called? 

29.  What  is  the  most  southern  cape  of  Ireland''    The  most 

western  ? 

30.  What  the  most  northern?    M.  Hd. 

•     31.  What  is  the  most  eastern  point  of  Scotland?    B.  Ns. 
32.  What  the  most  western?     A.  Pt. 

Capes  on  these  islands  are  known  by  the  names  of  Head,  Nesa, 
and  Point. 
9 


i 


I 


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j;  i'. 


M 


<1F.0C1RAI'HICAI<  QIIEMTI0N9. 


;{o.  Where  in  Sootlnnd  are  the  Orampian  Hills? 

;i4.   Where  Ikn  Nevis'/     Cuirngorm? 

.H5.  In  what  part  of  tho  kingiloiu  are  the  Choviot  Hills? 

!»).  Where  is  Ilelvcllyn?     Scii  Fell? 

;J7.  Where  is  Mount  Snowdon? 

38.  What  mountain  iu  Ireland? 

39.  VVhiit  arc   the   two   princijml   bays  west  of  Ireland? 

Oy.,  Dl. 

40.  Name  two  others,  and  tell  where  thoy  nro. 

41.  What  harbor  on  the  south  of  Ireland? 

42.  What  bays  on  the  east? 

43.  What  bay  south  of  Wales?     Cn. 

44.  What  one  west?     Cn. 

45.  Where  is  the  Sound  of  Jura? 
40.  Where  is  Pentland  Firth? 

47.  What  island  is  separated  from  Scotland  by  it? 

Firth,  or  Frith,  means  the  etroit  or  passage  of  water  connecting  a 
river  with  the  sea,  or  connecting  two  parts  of  the  sea. 

48.  Where  is  Dornoch  Firth?     Murray  Firth?    The  Firth 
ofTay?     Firth  of  Forth? 

49.  What  Firth  between  England  and  Scotland? 

50.  What  Firth  west  of  the  southern  part  of  Scotland? 

51.  In  what  part  of  Scotland  is  Loch  Shin? 

52.  Is  Loch  Lomond  in  Scotland  or  Ireland? 

53.  Where  is  Lough  Ncagh? 

54.  Ib  Lough  Swilly  in  Scotland  or  Ireland? 

Loch  or  Lougli,  in  Scotland  and  Ireland,  means  a  lake,  or  an  inlet 
of  the  sea. 

55.  What  river  flows  into  Murray  Firth? 

56.  What  two  into  the  North  Sea,  near  Aberdeen? 

57.  What  one  into  the  Firth  of  Tay? 

58.  What  into  the  Firth  of  Forth? 


K-,* 


T--^-   U 


9^g 


hoviot  Hills? 


rest  of  Ireland  2 


are. 


J  by  it? 

r  water  couuectiog  a 

I  sea. 

^irth?    The  Firth 

)tland? 

,  of  Scotland? 

n? 

nd? 

id? 

na  a  lake,  or  an  inlet 


Aberdeen  ? 


OEOOHAI'IlICAr,   QUKSTIONf. 


OD 


59.  What  river  foriiiH  a  part  of  tho  boundary  bftwofii  Kng- 
land  end  Scotland? 

00.  Wiiat  throe  rivcns  flow  into  the  North  Sea  between  the 
Tweed  and  Ilumbcr? 

61.  Into  what  does  the  Ilumber  flow? 

(12.  Name  the  rivers  flowing  into  the  Ilumbor. 

63.  Name  tho  rivers  flowing  into  tho  Wash. 

04.  What  important  river  in  the  south-east  of  England  ? 

65.  What  two  rivers  of  the  same  name  flow  into  t;  a  Severn  ? 

66.  There  is  still  another  river  of  the  same  name  in  Eng- 
land: where  is  it,  and  into  what  does  it  flow? 

67.  Where  is  tho  Severn? 
08.  Where  is  the  Mersey? 

69.  What  rivers  flow  into  tho  Firth  of  Forth? 

70.  What  into  the  Firth  of  Clyde? 

71.  What  river  of  Ireland  has  a  south-western  course  into 
tho  Atlantic? 

72.  What  river  flows  into  Wexford  Harbor  ? 

73.  What  into  Cork  Harbor? 

74.  What  three  into  Waterford  Harbor? 

75.  What  river  flows  into  Dublin  Bay? 

76.  In  what  part  of  Ireland  is  Lake  Killarney  ? 

77.  Where  in  England  is  Lake  Windermere? 

These  lakes  ore  much  visited  by  travellers,  and  admired  for  their 
beautiful  scenery. 

78.  In  what  part  of  the  British  Islands  are  the  following  citie.^i 
and  towns,  and  on  or  near  what  body  of  water  are  they  situated? 
Tell  also,  if  you  can,  for  what  each  of  these  places  is  noted. 

79.  London.  84.  Birmingham. 

80.  Liverpool.  i^-  Leeds. 

81.  Glasgow.  '  86.  Edinburg. 

82.  Manchester.  87.  Bristol. 

83.  Dublin.  88.  Sheffield. 
9 


100 


(lEOdRAI'HICAL   QUEHTI0N8. 


80. 

Plyiiinuth. 

1)0. 

IJcIfaat. 

01. 

Dundcu. 

02. 

Newcastle. 

03. 

Cork. 

04. 

AberJccii. 

05. 

I'ai.sley. 

00. 

Ounibridge 

07. 

Greenock. 

OH. 

Wtttciford. 

00. 

rcrtli. 

100. 

Drogheda. 

101. 

Ilolylioiid. 

102. 

PortHIIlDUtll. 

103. 

Norwich. 

104. 

Limerick. 

105. 

liciccstor. 

100. 

Nottiiigliuin. 

107. 

Oxford. 

108. 

Hull. 

100. 

Lei  til. 

110. 

Gttlwuy. 

111. 

Mortliyr  Tydvil. 

112. 

Holywoll 

113.  What  cities  would  you  pass  through,  proceeding  by 
railroad  from  Falmouth  to  InverncHS? 

114.  What,  proceeding  from  London  to  Liverpool?  Liver- 
pool to  Ayr? 

115.  What,  proceeding  from  London,  through  Birmingham, 
to  Holyhead? 

117.  What  strait  would  bo  crossed  by  this  last  route? 

This  strait  is  crossed  by  a  suspension  bridge,  nearly  a  thousand 
feet  in  length,  elevated  one  hnndrcd  feet  aboye  high  water,  and  con- 
structed at  an  expense  of  more  than  a  million  of  dollars.  A  tubular 
Buspension  bridge  has  also  recently  »>«cn  carried  across  this  strait. 

118.  Name  the  towns  you  would  pass  through,  going  from 
Dublin  to  Cork  by  the  railroad  inland  route. 

110.  What  towns  would  you  pass  through,  returning  from 
Cork,  near  the  line  of  the  coast? 

120.  What  towns  would  you  pass  through,  going  from  Dub- 
lin to  Galway  by  railroad? 

121.  In  what  direction  would  you  trayel? 

122.  In  what  direction  is  Belfast  from  Dublin  ? 

123.  What  cities  or  towns  on  the  line  of  the  railroad  are 
between? 


nil  V. 


imoutli. 
riuli. 
)riuk. 
I'stcr. 

.rd. 

I. 

h. 

ivuy. 

tliyr  Tydvil. 

ywell 

b,  proceeding  by 

vcrpool  ?     Liver- 

igU  Birniingbain, 

last  route  ? 
,  nearly  a  thousand 
gh  water,  and  con- 
iloUara.     A  tubular 
cross  this  strait. 

ough,  goiDg  from 

ti,  returning  from 
I  going  from  Dub- 


3lin? 

f  the  railroad  arc 


OEOCinAPlIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


101 


BTATISTICAr-   AND   (IKNKIIAI,  QUEHTI0N.1. 

1.  How  docs  Kumpo  coniiiim!  in  hI/.u  with  tbo  Iliiitod  States? 

2.  Wliut  two  divisions  of  Nortli  Amoricu  inu.st  bo  fuldod  to 
tbo  Ui'itcd  States,  to  corapuro  nearly  in  area  with  Kuropo? 
1).  Aa.  and  Yn. 

3.  Which  division  of  Europe  is  tho  largest? 

4.  Which  is  next  in  size  ?     Which  next? 

5.  Which  division  contains  tho  greatest  population? 
fi.  Which  next  in  amount?     WMiieh  next? 

7.  Which  is  most  densely  settled? 

8.  Which  is  most  sparsely  settled? 

y.  What  State  of  tbo  United  States  is  about  tho  size  of 
Turkey  ? 

10.  What  State  is  about  thrico  tbo  size  of  Great  Britain  and 

Ireland? 

11.  Two  of  tbo  United  States  arc  very  nearly  tbo  same  size 

as  England:  which  aro  they? 

12.  One  has  about  tbo  same  area  as  Wales:  which  is  it? 

13.  Which  of  the  two  has  tho  greater  population? 

14.  One  is  about  the  size  of  Scotland :  give  its  name. 

15.  One  of  tbo  United  States  is  about  a  thousand  miles 
larger  than  Ireland:  which  is  that? 

16.  Which  is  the  largest  city  of  Europe? 

17.  How  many  other  cities  of  Europe   contain  a  g\-eater 
population  than  New  York?     Nome  them, 

18.  Two  cities  of  Europe  have  about  the  bame  population  as 
Philadelphia:  what  are  they? 

19.  Europe  has  five  cities  containing  a  greater  population 
than  Philadelphia:  name  them. 

20.  Can  you  tell  the  number  of  cities  in  Europe  containing 
u  population  greater  than  100,000? 

9* 


V 


102 


OEOGRAPIIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


21.  IIow  many  are  there  in  the  United  States? 

22.  A  noted  city  of  Italy  has  about  the  same  population  ab 
Cincinnati :  name  the  city. 

23.  A  city  of  France  has  about  the  same  population  as  New 
Orleans :  mention  the  name. 

24.  Baltimore  has  a  little  less  population  than  a  celebrated 
city  of  Italy :  name  that  city. 

25.  What  city  of  England  has  about  the  same  population  as 
IJoston  ? 

26.  To  what  country  does  Hungary  belong? 

27.  Where  is  Lapland? 

28.  To  what  European  power  does  the  island  of  Candia 
belong? 

29.  Where  is  Gibraltnr? 
1    1                30.  To  whom  does  it  belong? 

Gibraltar  is  the  strongest  fortified  place  in  the  world.  It  was  taken 
by  the  British  in  1704,  and,  though  several  attempts  have  been  made 
by  the  Spanish  and  French  to  retake  it,  is  still  held  by  them. 

31.  Where  is  Malta?     To  whom  does  it  belong? 

32.  In  what  part  of  Austria  is  Croatia? 

33.  In  what  part  of  Russia  is  Finland? 
S4.  In  what  part  of  Italy  is  Sardinia? 

35.  Where  is  the  island  of  Candia? 

36.  Where  is  the  Spanish  fortress  of  Ceuta? 

37.  Is  Iceland  considered  an  American  or  European  island? 
A.  American. 
It  is  now  ranked  as  a  part  of  Danish  America,  being  much  nearer 

to  Greenland  than  to  any  part  of  Europe. 

38.  Wliich  of  the  European  States  has  the  largest  army? 

39.  Which  next?     Next? 

40.  Which  of  the  European  States  ranks  highest  as  a  naval 
power? 

41.  Which  next?    Next? 


'f^: 


<  > 


tcs? 

ime  population  as 

opulation  as  New 

:han  a  celebrated 

ime  population  as 

V 

island  of  Candia 


orld.  It  was  taken 
ats  have  beeu  made 
d  by  them. 

)long? 


European  island? 
being  much  nearer 
!  largest  army? 
bighest  as  a  naval 


OEOOBArillCAL  QUESTIONS. 


108 


42.  Wbich  has  the  greatest  amount  of  public  debt? 

43.  Wbieb  next?    Which  next? 

44.  How  much  greater  is  the  public  debt  of  Great  Britain 
than  that  of  the  Uni'od  States? 

45.  Which  is  the  largest  country  of  Italy? 

46.  Which  is  the  largest  division  of  Austria? 

47.  Which  is  the  larger,  Cuba  or  Scotland?  England  or 
Newfoundland? 

48.  What  noted  canal  in  the  south  of  France? 

49.  What  waters  are  connected  by  it? 

This  canal,  one  of  the  first  made  in  Europe,  was  constructed  dur- 
ing the  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  It  connects  the  waters  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean Sea  with  the  Atlantic. 

50.  Through  what  waters  would  a  vessel  sail,  freighted  with 
cotton  from  New  Orleans  for  Liverpool? 

51.  Through  what  bodies  of  water  does  a  steamer  sail,  con- 
veying the  mails  from  Liverpool  to  New  York? 

52.  Name  the  bodies  of  water  through  which  a  vessel  would 
pass,  conveying  hemp  from  Cronstadt  to  Philadelphia. 

53.  Describe  the  bodies  of  water  through  which  an  American 
frigate  would  pass,  proceeding  from  Philadelphia  to  London, 
Gibraltar,  Port  Mahon,  Leghorn,  Malta,  Constantinople. 

54.  Through  what  bodies  of  water  do  vessels  freighted  with 
wheat,  from  Odessa,  pass  to  reach  Bristol,  England? 

55.  Name  the  waters  through  which  would  be  transported 
drugs  from  Smyrna  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.  ? 

56.  Name  the  waters  through  which  wines  are  transported 
from  Marseilles  to  New  Orleans? 

57.  Through  what  waters  would  a  vessel,  freighted  with  cot- 
ton from  Mobile,  pass  to  reach  Havre? 

58.  What  mountains  would  you  cross,  going  in  a  straight  line 
from  Paris  to  Venice? 


104 


OEOORAPIIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


59.  What  bodies  of  water  would  you  cross,  proceeding  in  a 
straight  line  from  Londoa  to  Vienna? 

60.  Across  what  mountains  and  bodies  of  water,  proceeding 
from  Rome  to  St.  Petersburg? 

61.  Which  is  the  longest  river  in  Europe?    How  long  is  it? 

62.  Which  next?     Which  next? 

63.  In  what  country  is  the  Thames?     How  long  is  it? 

64.  In  what  country  is  the  Seine  ? 

65.  What  river  of  New  England  has  the  same  length? 

66.  Which  is  the  highest  mountain  in  Europe  ? 
I !  ii                 67.  Of  what  group  is  it  a  peak?     What  is  its  height? 

68.  What  mouD'oiu  of  North  America  is  of  about  the  same 
height? 

69.  Which  is  the  highest  peak  of  the  Alps?  Pyrenees? 
Apennines? 

70.  Name  the  two  principal  volcanoes  of  Europe. 

71.  Where  are  they? 

72.  Which  is  the  largest  lake  in  Europe? 

73.  In  what  country  is  it? 

74.  In  what  latitude  is  Europe  ? 

75.  In  what  zone  is  the  greater  part  of  Europe? 

76.  In  whrt  other  zone  is  any  part  of  Europe? 

77.  Which  is  farthest  north,  London  or  Quebec  ?  Paris  or 
New  York?  Naples  or  Boston?  Malta  or  the  Bermuda 
Islands? 

MW  78.  Where  do  you  find  the  highest  mountains,  in  Europe  or 

North  America  ? 

79.  Where  the  longest  rivers? 

80.  Which  division  has  the  largest  island  ? 

81.  Which  the  largest  lake? 


proceeding  in  a 
water,  proceeding 

How  long  is  it? 

J  long  is  it? 

imc  length? 

ope? 

its  height? 

f  about  the  same 

Jps?    Pyrenees? 
luropc. 


ropei 


)pe 


9 


uebec?    Paris  or 
sr  the  Bermuda 

ins,  in  Europe  or 


OEoauArincAL  questions. 


MAP  NO.   XXVI. 


106 


ASIA. 

1.'  In  what  direction  from  Europe  is  Asia? 

2.  What  ocean  is  on  the  north  of  it? 

3.  What  on  the  east?    What  south? 

4.  What  two  grand  divisions  on  the  west  ? 

5.  Which  division  of  Asia  extends  farthest  north  and  east? 

6.  Which  farthest  south?     West? 

7.  Name  the  divisions  bordering  on  the  Pacific,  beginning  at 
the  north. 

8.  Name  those  bordering  on  the  Indian  Ocean  ? 

9.  What  extends  from  the  Red  Sea  to  the  Persian  Gulf? 

10.  What  on  the  Mediterranean? 

11.  What  extends  from  the  Persian  Gulf  to  the  Caspian 
Sea? 

12.  What  on  the  Persian  Gulf?     Arabian  Sea?    . 

13.  What  extends  from  the  Caspian  to  the  Black  Sea? 

14.  Bound  Siberia. 

15.  To  what  European  government  is  it  subject? 
A.  The  KuBsian. 

16.  What  large  island  north-west  of  it? 

17.  What  three  islands  north? 

18.  What  islands  east  of  Kamtschatku? 

19.  Which  is  the  most  northern  cape  of  Asia? 

20.  Which  is  the  most  northern — this  cape,  or  North  Cape, 
in  Europe? 

21.  Which  is  the  most  eastern  cape  of  Asia? 

22.  What  cape  forms  the  southern  extremity  of  Kamt- 
Bchatka? 

23.  What  peninsula  on  the  east  of  Siberia? 


i 


106 


GEOGRAI'IUCAL  QUESTIONS. 


24.  What  mountains  on  the  south,  separatiog  Siberia  from 
the  Chinese  Empire  ? 

25.  What  on  the  west,  separating  it  from  Europe  ? 

26.  Where  in  Siberia  arc  the  Samoieds?    Tchuktchi?    Ya- 
koutes?     Tungouscs? 

These  are  among  the  native  tribes  of  Siberia,  some  of  trhich  live 
in  the  lowest  state  of  barbarism. 

27.  What  empire  south  of  Siberia? 

28.  What  island  east  of  the  northern  part  of  it? 

29.  What  islands  east  of  Saghalicn? 

30.  What  empire,  east  of  the  Chinese  Empire,  consists  of  a 
group  of  islands? 

31.  Which  is  the  largest  of  this  group? 

32.  Which  next  in  size? 
Name  the  remaining  islands  of  the  group. 
Which  is  farthest  north? 
Which  south?    East? 

What  group  and  island  east  of  China  Proper? 
What  archipelago  farther  east  ? 
What  island  south  of  China? 

What  island  at  the  mouth  of  the  Hoang-Kiang  river? 
To  what  European  power  does  this  island  belong? 
Bound  China.     Bound  the  Chinese  Empire. 

42.  What  peninsula  on  the  east? 

43.  What  two  ranges  of  mountains  on  the  north? 

44.  What  range  extends  across  the  northern  part  of  the 
empire?     What  two  ranges  in  China? 

45.  What  range  north  of  Thibet? 

46.  What  range  south  ? 

47.  What  north-east  of  Little  Thibet? 

48.  What  south-west? 

49.  What  mountains  between    Independent    Tartary  and 
Little  Bokhara? 


33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 
87. 
38. 
39. 
40. 
41. 


log  Siberia  from 

lurope  ? 
rchuktchi?    Ya- 

some  of  which  live 

of  it? 

)ire,  consisto  of  a 

up. 
'roper? 


g-Kiang  river? 
ad  belong? 
ipire. 

uortb? 

lem  part  of  the 


OEOOBAPHICAL   QUESTIONS. 


107 


nt    Tartary  and 


50.  Where  is  the  Great  Desert  of  Gobi? 

51.  In  what  part  of  the  empire  is  Mantchooria?  Mongolia? 
Thibet?    Little  Thibet?     Soongaria?     Little  Bokhara? 

The  aboTC-named  divisions,  with  China  Proper  and  the  Peninsuln 
of  Corco,  constitute  the  Chinese  Empire.  Thibet  iB  the  head-quarters 
of  Buddhism,  which  there  exists  in  its  greatest  purity.  Lassa,  "  Land 
of  the  divine  intelligence,"  the  capital  city,  is  the  residence  of  the 
Grand  Lama.  It  is  stated  that  84,000  lamas,  or  priests,  are  supported 
in  this  country  at  the  expense  of  government. 

52.  By  what  name  is  the  northern  part  of  the  Chinese  Em- 
pire known? 

A.  Chinese  Tartary. 

The  entire  central  part  of  Asia,  from  the  Caspian  Sea  to  the  Pacific 
Ocean,  is  known  as  Tartary.  The  western  portion  of  it,  Independent 
Tartary,  includes  several  sniall  Mohammedan  States,  governed  by 
sovereigns  called  Khans.  The  eastern  portion,  comprising  Mantchoo- 
ria,  3oongaria,  Mongolia,  and  Little  Bokhara,  is  under  the  govern- 
ment of  China. 

53.  What  country  west  of  the  Chinese  Empire? 

54.  What  does  Independent  Tartary  comprise? 

A.  The  Kirguis  country,  Turcomania,  and  the  States  of  Khokan, 
Khiya,  Bokhara,  and  Koondooz. 

55.  What  part  of  Independent  Tartary  constitutes  the  Kir- 
guis country? 

56.  What  Turcomania? 

57.  Where  is  Khiva?    Khokan?    Koondooz?    Bokhara? 

58.  Bound  Independent  Tartary. 

59.  What  mountains  on  the  south  of  it? 

60.  By  what  general  name  is  the  country  south  of  the  Chi- 
nese Empire  known  ? 

A.  India. 

61.  What  does  India  comprise? 

A.  The  two  peninsulas  which  form  the  southern  part  of  Asia. 

The  eastern  of  these  peninsulas,  being  further  from  Europe  than 
the  other,  is  called  Farther  India ;  the  western,  or  nearer  one,  Hither 
India. 


f^l 


108 


OEOORAPIIICAL  QUESTIONS, 


62.  What  are  the  principal  divisions  of  Farther  India? 

A.  The  Empires  of  Birmaii  and  Anam,  the  Kingdom  of  Siam,  and 
the  British  Territories. 

Anam  comprises  Tonquin,  Cochin  China,  Cambodia,  and  part  of 
Laos.  The  British  Possessions  comprise  Assam,  Arracan,  Malacca, 
and  some  smaller  divisions. 

63.  Bound  Farther  India. 

64.  Between  what  sea  and  lay  is  it  situated? 

65.  In  what  part  is  Birinah  ? 

66.  Which  division  constitutes  a  peninsula,  the  most  south- 
ern of  Asia? 

67.  What  two  divisions  lie  between  the  Gulf  of  Siam  and 
Gulf  of  Tonquin? 

68.  Where  is  Siam?    The  Laos  country? 

69.  What  islands  cast  of  Anam? 

70.  What  two  groups  in  the  Bay  of  Bengal  west  of  Farther 
India? 

71.  What  capo  at  the  southern  extremity  of  Malacca? 

72.  What  island  west  of  Malacca?     P.  P^. 

73.  The  name  usually  given  to  Hither  India  is  Hindoostan, 
Bound  it. 

74.  What  range  of  mountains  on  the  north-west? 

75.  What  extend  along  the  western  coast? 

76.  What  three  groups  of  islands  in  the  south-west?  What 
large  island  south-east? 

77.  What  cape  at  the  southern  extremity  of  Hindoostan? 

78.  What  head  at  the  southern  extremity  of  Ceylon  ? 

79.  To  what  Company  is  the  greater  part  of  Hindoostan 
subject  ? 

A.  The  British  East  India  Company. 

Nearly  the  whole  of  Hindoostan  is  subject  or  tributary  to  this 
Company.  The  cemainder  comprises  the  independent  territories  of 
Nepaul  end  Bootan,  and  the  small  colonies  of  France  and  rortugal. 


irther  India? 
Qgdotn  of  Siam,  and 

nbodia,  and  part  of 
,  Arracan,  Malacca, 


Dd? 

1,  the  most  soutb- 

Gulf  of  Siam  and 

jal  west  of  Farther 

of  Malacca? 

idia  is  Hindoostan. 

tU-west  ? 

? 

jouth-west?     What 

of  Hindoostan? 
r  of  Ceylon  ? 
)art  of  Hindoostan 


or  tributary  to  this 
lendent  territories  of 
ronce  and  Fortugal. 


aECMlRAPIIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


109 


80.  In  what  part  of  Hindoostan  are  Nepaul  and  Bootan? 

81.  On  what  coast  are  the  French  territories? 

82.  On  which  the  rorti-gucso? 

83.  What  name  is  given  to  the  south-cast  coast? 

84.  What  is  the  south-west  coast  called? 

85.  Whut  docs  British  India  cniiiprisc? 

A.  The  Vreaidoncics  of  Bengal,  Uou.bay,  and  Madras,  with  the 
Provinces  of  Sindo  and  the  Punjaub. 

The  Bengal  Presidency  includes  all  the  northern  part  of  India, 
with  Assam  and  Arracan,  cast  of  the  Brahmaputra  river.  The  Mad- 
ras Presidency  includes  the  country  on  the  cast  coast,  with  a  portion 
of  the  territory  at  the  southern  extremity  of  the  western  coast.  And 
the  Bombay  Presidency  includes  the  territory  stretching  along  the 
west  coast,  north  of  Qoa. 

86.  What  countries  west  of  Hindoostan? 
A    Afghanistan  and  Bcloochistan. 

These  countries  were  formfirly  a  part  of  the  Persian  Empire.  They 
now  comprise  the  governments  of  Cabul,  Herat,  and  Kclat;  each 
including  a  number  of  tribes,  often  at  war  with  each  otlier,  but  uniting 
as  policy  may  dictate. 

87.  What  mouutaius  north  of  Afghaiiistan  ? 

88.  Bound  Persia. 

89.  What  great  sea  on  the  north? 

90.  What  gulf  on  the  south? 

91.  What  range  of  mountains  extends  across  the  northern 

part? 

92.  What  desert  south  of  this  range? 

Much  the  greater  part  of  Persia  consists  of  extensive  salt  wastes 
and  immense  seas  of  sand,  than  which  few  parts  of  the  globe  can  be 
more  uiiinviting. 

93.  What  small  division  north  of  Persia? 

91.  To  what  European  power  does  this  division  belong? 

A.  Russia.  i     ,  m    i. 

The  region  south  of  the  Caucasus  Mountains,  and  north  of  Turkey 
and  Persia,  though  classed  on  the  map  under  the  general  name  of 

10 


HI 


no 


QEOGRAl'inCAL  QUESTIONS. 


(icorgift,  onmpiisca  the  provincoa  of  Georgia,  Abatiiu,  Mingi-vlin,  aiiil 
NiikHliiviui.  The  position  of  the  different  divisions  may  be  seen  un 
the  mnptif  Europe. 

05.  AVliieh  of  these  divisions  extends  furthest  west?  (Sci> 
Map  No.  XXI.) 

9(3.  Which  farthest  cast? 

07.  Wliich  two  divisions  border  on  the  Black  Sea? 

9H.  Winch  division  in  the  centre? 

99.  What  division  of  Asia  lies  between  the  Black  and  Medi- 
terranean Seas? 

100.  Bound  it. 

101.  What  mountain  in  the  north-cast? 

102.  What  range  of  mountains  extends  through  the  country 
oast  and  west? 

103.  What  two  seas  on  the  west?     Mp.,  Ao. 

104.  What  isla.id  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  Mediterranean 
Sea? 

105.  What  five  islands  west  of  Turkey? 

106.  In  what  part  of  Turkey  in  Asia  is  Syria? 

107.  In  what,  Anatolia?     Armenia?    (See  Map  No.  XXI.) 

Anatolia  includes  the  north-western  part  of  Turkey  in  Asia.  It  is 
the  modern  name  for  the  chief  portion  of  the  tountry  formerly  known 
as  Asia  Minor. 

108.  What  great  peninsula  in  the  south-western  part  of  Asia? 

109.  Bound  Arabia. 

110.  Of  what  divisions  does  it  consist? 

A.  Hcdjas  and  Yemen,  along  the  Red  Sea;  Iladrairaut,  skirting 
the  Indmn  Ocean ;  Oman,  in  the  south-east ;  Lahsa,  on  the  Persian 
Qulf ;  and  Nedsjed,  in  the  interior. 

111.  What  range  of  mountains  north  of  Nedsjcd? 

112.  W^hat  celebrated  mountain  north-east  of  the  Red  Sea? 

113.  W^hat  cape  at  the  south-eastern  pohit  tf  Oman? 

114.  W' hat  capo  south-east  of  Hadraraaut? 


I'U-i'L 


Jl 


I. 

laiiia,  Mingrclin,  ainl 
ions  luoy  be  seen  un 

tUcst  west?     (Sci' 


lack  Sen? 

c  Black  nnd  Medi- 

iroiigh  the  country 

Ao. 

the  Moditcrrancan 

yria? 

30  Map  No.  XXI.) 

urkey  in  Asia.     It  is 
iDtry  formerly  known 

istern  part  of  Asia'/ 


IladraiTAut,  skirting 
ihsa,  on  the  Persian 

Nedsjed? 

tof  the  Red  Seai' 

t  tf  Oinou? 

t? 


OEOanAI'HlCAL  QUESTIONS. 


Ill 


11.').  What  isthmus  north-west  of  Arabia? 

116.  What  grand  divisions  are  connected  by  this  isthivius? 

117.  What  waters  are  separated  by  it? 

118.  What  country  of  Africa  is  connected  with  Arabia  by 
this  isthmus?     Et. 

119.  What  island  ca.st  of  Lahsa? 

120.  In  what  body  of  water  is  it  situated  ? 

121.  What  sea  north-west  of  Siberia?     Ka. 

122.  What  island  is  separated  from  Siberia  by  it? 

123.  What  sea  east  of  Kamtschatka? 

124.  What  sea  between  Kamtschatka  and  the  country  of  the 
Tungouscs? 

125.  What  sea  between  Saghalien  and  the  Kurilo  Islands? 

126.  What  sea  between  Niphon  and  Mantchooria? 

127.  What  between  Corea  and  China? 

128.  What  sea  east  of  China? 

129.  What  sea  east  of  Cochin-China? 

130.  Name  the  six  seas  on  the  western  border  of  Asia? 

131.  Which  of  them  border  Africa? 

132.  Which  Europe? 

183.  Which  of  them  has  no  connection  with  the  ocean? 

134.  What  two  other  inland  seas  in  the  west  of  Asia? 

135.  In  what  country  is  the  Sea  of  Aral? 

136.  In  what,  the  Dead  Sea? 

137.  Name  the  gulfs  north  of  Siberia. 
•     138.  What  gulf  east? 

139.  What  gulf  north-east  of  China?     Pe. 

140.  What  gulf  east  of  Tonquin?     Tn. 

141.  What  between  Siam  and  Cambodia? 

142.  What  south  of  Birmah? 

143.  What  bay  between  Hindoostan  and  Farther  India? 

144.  What  gulf  south  of  Hindoostan?     3Ir. 

145.  What  two  west? 


k4 


''ft'-Si^ 


f 


112 


nEOllHAI'IlK'AI.  QUEHTIONH. 


140.  What  between  IklioeliiHtun  auJ  Arabiu? 

147.  What  between  I'erHia  and  Anibiu'l' 

U8.   What  stmitH  nepurato  Asia  uiiil  North  America? 

149.  Whnt  waters  nro  connectctl  by  them? 

150.  What  Htraits  Hopurate  Aula  and  Africa? 
l.')l.  What  waters  nro  connected  by  these  straits? 

I.')'2.  What  ehanncl  between  Sagbalien  and  the  main  land? 

153.  What  strait  separates  Saghalicn  and  Jesao? 

154.  Into  what  sea  do  these  BtniitB  lead? 

155.  Where  uro  the  Straita  of  Matsmay? 

150.  What  bodies  of  water  are  connected  by  them? 

157.  What  tnicts  of  land  separated? 

158.  What  straits  between  China  and  Fonnoso? 

159.  Where  is  the  Strait  of  Malacca? 

100.  What  atniit  couneotiithoGlulf  of  Oman  and  Torsian  Gulf? 

101.  There  are  two  large  lakes  in  Siberia:  in  what  part  of 
the  country  arc  they? 

10*2.  Give  their  names. 

103.  What  three  lakes  in  China? 

104.  What  one  in  Afghanistan? 

105.  What  two  in  Soongaria? 
100.  Where  is  Oroomiah  Lake? 

107.  Into  what  lake  does  the  Cashgar  river  flow? 

108.  NaKiC  the  three  most  important  rivers  of  Siberia. 

109.  Into  what  do  they  flow? 

170.  Among  what  mountains  do  tbey  rise? 

171.  In  what  general  direction  do  they  flow? 

172.  Can  you  assigu  any  reason  for  their  not  flowing  in  an 
opposite  direction  ? 

173.  In  what  country  is  the  Amoor  ri^cr? 

174.  Into  what  does  it  flow? 

175.  AVbat  are  the  three  great  rivers  of  China? 
170.  Which  of  these  is  largest?     Y.  T.  Kg. 


r 


I  America  ? 

a? 

utraJtH  ? 

1  tbo  inaiu  land? 

Jcaso? 

>y  thorn? 

iiiosa  ? 

1  and  I'orsian  Gulf? 
, :  in  what  part  of 


ur  flow? 

rs  of  Siberia. 

I? 

ow? 
not  flowing  in  an 


Kg. 


(lEOOIlAl'IIICAr,  QUrsTIONfl. 


118 


177.  Which  M  tho  nio,-.t  eastern  river  of  Farther  India? 

178.  In  'vhat  direction,  and  into  what  body  of  water,  docs  it 

flow? 

179.  What  river  itows  into  tho  Gulf  of  Siam? 

180.  What  two  into  tho  Oulf  of  Martaban? 

181.  In  what  country  do  the  rivers  of  Farther  India  rise? 

182.  What  river  separates  Farther  India  and  Ilindoostun? 

183.  Where  docs  it  rise,  and  into  what  body  of  water  does 

it  flow? 

184.  What  river  of  Ilindoostan  flows  into  tho  northern  part 

of  the  IJay  of  Bengal  ? 

This  is  the  uncreil  rirer  of  tho  IlUidooa,  ai\J  Is  so  calloil  as  flowin^; 
through  Oang,  tho  earth,  to  heaven. 

185.  What  river  flows  from  tho  Ganges  into  the  Bay  of 
Bengal  ? 

This  id  the  only  hrniich  of  tho  Ganges  navigated  by  largo  vessel.-. 
and  that  alono  in  tho  delta,  which  is  by  tho  Hindoos  consldereil 
sacred. 

186.  What  is  tho  principal  tributary  of  the  Ganges? 

187.  Name  the  three  other  rivers  of  Ilindoostan  flowing  into 
the  Bay  of  Bengal. 

188.  What  two  flow  into  tho  Oulf  of  Cambay? 

189.  What  river  forms  a  part  of  tho  western  boundary  of 
Hindoostan  ? 

190.  What  is  it»  principal  branch  ? 

191.  What  two  rivers  of  Turkey  in  Asia  unite  and  flow  into 
the  Persian  Gulf? 

1'').  Where  and  into  what  does  the  Iltlnaund  river  flow? 
193    What  two  rivex-  flow  into  tho  Sea  of  Aral? 

194.  What  two  into  the  Caspian  Sea? 

195.  Which  of  tho  two  forms  the  boundarj-  between  Persia 
and  Independent  Tartary? 

10* 


i.ua., 


114 


(lEOdRAI'IllCAl,   QVIHTIONH. 


10(5.  Which,  a  purl  of  tho  wcBtcrn  boundary  of  Asia? 

107.  Whtrt)  is  tho  Duad  Seal     (Seo  Mnp  No.  .<XVII., 
Pulegtino.) 

lOH.  Ayhnt  river  flown  into  it? 

199.  Wlmt  lake  near  the  head-watcrd  of  this  river? 

The  Dcail  Hen,  called  by  the  ArnbH  IJnhr-el-I.<mt  (Hoa  of  Lot),  is 
rtlebrntoil  in  Scripture  an  the  »lto  of  Soilom  bii'I  Uomorruh.  Itn  mir- 
fiico  In  iai'2  feet  below  timt  of  the  MctlitiMriiiioim,  bcinn  by  far  th.- 
iloepcKt  known  fisKiiro  on  the  furlirn  Hurfiico.  A  inoiintuin  of  rock 
(.alt  on  tlio  Boiith-wfHt  Hide,  called  liajr  I'sduni,  "titotjc  of  Sod<  -," 
jircdcrvps  tho  niiine  of  that  city. 

UOO.   Pescriho  tho  following  cities  and  towns  of  Asia,  un<l 
tell  where  they  uro  situated : 


Siberia. 

201.  Tobolsk. 

202,  Tomsk 
Irkoutiik. 
YakoutHk. 

Georgia. 
Teflis. 


2oa. 

204. 


Japan. 
200.  JcMo. 

207.  iMiaco. 

208.  iMatginay. 

209.  Osaea. 

210.  Nangu.suki. 


205. 


The  Kw  !re  of  Jap-^n  pevmlU  no  foreign  trade  with  any  nationg 
except  i!.o  Chinese  and  Dutch;  and  this  is  confined  entirely  to  the 
port  ui  Nannasaki.  The  Dutch  are  allowed  to  send  here  two  ships 
auuually. 


China. 

211.  Pekin. 

212.  Canton. 
218.  Tecnstin. 

214.  Sootchow. 

215.  Ilangtchow. 

216.  Nankin. 

217.  Kingtching. 

218.  Voutchang. 
210.  Nangtcbang. 


220.  Singan. 

221.  Amoy. 

222.  Macao. 

223.  Hong  Kong. 

224.  Shanghae. 

225.  Ooulja. 

226.  Cashgar. 

227.  Yarkand. 
2'28,  Itssa. 
'219.    firragungar. 


y  ot"  Asia? 

p  No.  .<XVII., 


m  river? 

lilt  (Soft  of  Lot),  in 
oinnrruli.  Its  uur- 
II,  boinn  liy  f'»r  the 
iiKiiintaiii  of  rock- 
'Stone  of  8o.l(    .," 

wns  of  AmIu,  iiuil 

ipan, 

IJo. 

ICO. 

tsiimy. 

IC'U. 

ngu.suki. 

Je  with  any  natioDs 
fined  entirely  to  the 
end  here  two  ships 

igan. 

noy. 

icao. 

ong  Kong. 

anghao. 

julja. 

ishgar. 

[irkand. 

tssa. 

fragungar. 


(IKftdllAI'HirAL  QUeSTlONS.  m9 

Ilonn   Konx   Ulund,  on  which  li  th«  towu  of  Victoria,  w»i»  odf} 
tu  tlie  Knf,\Mi  In  IKt'^. 

Mftciio  ix  li  I'ortuKui'ic  MCttlcmont,  uninlc'd  hy  theChinene  Emprror 
III  \:,M,  in  return  for  niilHtance  rondereil  »g»ln»t  plratM. 

Clinton,  Ainoy,  Hlmn(?ht»e,  Foutoliow,  and  Ninnpo,  were,  by  tli. 
tr«»'y  be'  eei.  the  Cl>lne»e  and  Utiu*h  iu  IHVZ,  miide  open  port*  for 
fovbigii  CO  iimtret. 

•J,iiU  li'  rtl»ich  division  of  Farther  Iniliii,  and  how  mtuatcd, 
aio  tho  following  citius? 

231.  Saigon.  288.  Ummirnpotiru. 

282.   Kesho.  237.   llangoon. 

233.  Hue.  238.   Malacca. 

234.  Bangkolc.  239.  Monchaboo. 
285.  Singapore. 

Hingapore  (Singiipurn,  "city  of  tho  lion,")  whb  purclmHed  ond 
Bcttled  by  tiio  Knglish  in  IMiO,  und  i»  now  one  of  the  most  Important 
cororoercinl  cities  of  the  Kast. 

240.  Which  of  tho  above  are  capitaln,         of  what  division  ? 
Describe  tho  following  cities  of  IIindooai,an : 

241.  Benares.  250.  Surat. 

242.  Madras.  251.  Nagporo. 
248.  Patna.  252.  Umrit«ir. 

244.  Bombay.  258,  Lahore. 

245.  Calcutta.  254.  Poonah. 
240.  Dacca.  255.  Ahmedabad. 

247.  Ilydrabad,  256.  Oojein. 

248.  Lucknow.  257.  Baroda. 

249.  Delhi.  258.  Goa. 

259.  Which  of  tho  above  cities  belongs  to  Portugal? 
Cttlouttft  is  the  otpltal  of  the  Presidency  of  Dongnl,  Madras  of  tho 

Presidency  of  Madt-»a,  and  Bombay  of  tlie  Presidency  of  Bombay. 

260.  On  what  island  is  Columbo? 


!  ^ ' 


I' 

1  : 


if. 


.r 


tti 


I 


116 


GEOGRArmCAL  QUESTIONS. 


Describe  the  following  cities : 

Independent  Tartary. 

261.  Bokhara. 

262.  Khiva. 

263.  Khokan. 

264.  Tashkent. 

Jifghanistan. 

265.  Cabul. 

266.  Candahar, 

267.  Herat. 

268.  Peshawur. 

269.  Kelat. 

Jirabia. 

270.  Sana. 

271.  Muscat. 

272.  Mecca. 

273.  Aden. 

274.  Medina. 


275.  Deraia. 

276.  Mocha. 

Perma. 

277.  Ispahan. 

278.  Teheran. 

279.  Reshd. 

280.  Mcshid. 

281.  Yezd. 

Turkey  in  Jlsia. 

282.  Smyrna. 

283.  Damascus. 

284.  Aleppo. 

285.  Bassorah. 

286.  Brusa.     • 

287.  Bagdad. 

288.  Trebisonde. 

289.  Jerusalem. 


Aden  was  purchased  by  the  Kvitish  in  1839,  nnd  since  that  time 
lias  increased  in  population  from  1000  to  20,000.  It  is  a  station  on 
ihe  steamboat  route  to  India. 

Trebisonde  is  an  important  commercial  point.  In  1851,  99  sailing- 
vessels  and  73  steamers  arrived  at  this  port,  conveying  goods  for  con- 
sumption in  Georgia  and  Persia  to  tue  amount  of  near  ten  million 
dollars. 

290.  Which  of  the  above  cities  are  capitals,  and  of  what 
divisions? 

291.  Where  in  Anatolia  (see  Map  of  Europe,  No.  XXI.)  is 
the  town  of  Kutaja? 

This  place  is  noted  as  the  late  residence  of  Kossuth,  and  other 
Hungarian  exiles. 


n 


am. 
^La. 

^rtia. 

than. 

leran. 

ibd. 

sbid. 

;d. 

/  in  Asia. 

yrna. 

iiiascus. 

;ppo. 

ssorah. 

iisa.     • 

gdad. 

jbisondc. 

■usalcm. 

md  since  that  time 
It  is  a  station  on 

In  1851,  99  sailing- 
eying  goods  for  con- 
of  near  ten  million 

tals,  and  of  what 

ope,  No.  XXI.)  is 

KossutU  and  otlier 


OEOGRAl'lIICAL  QUESTIONS. 


117 


1. 

2. 
o 

4. 


STATISTICAL   AND    GENERAL   QUESTIONS. 

How  docs  Asia  compare  in  size  with  America? 

How  in  amount  of  population  ? 

Which  is  the  largest  division  of  Asia? 

Which  is  next  in  size?     Next? 
5.  Which  contains  the  greatest  population? 
C.  Which  next?     Next?     Next? 

7.  Which  division  is  most  densely  settled? 

8.  Which  next?     Next? 

9.  Which  is  most  sparsely  settled? 

10.  Which  division  of  Farther  India  has  about  the  same 
urea  as  California? 

11.  Which  about  the  same  as  Illinois? 

12.  Which  Territory  of  the  United  States  has  the  same  area 
as  the  Empire  of  Japan? 

13.  Wb?t  city  of  Asia  has  the  greatest  population? 

14.  Six  cities  of  Asia  nave  a  greater  population  than  New 
York :  name  them. 

15.  Eight  cities  of  Asia  have  a  greater  population  than  Phi- 
ladelphia: name  them. 

16.  The  highest  mountain  in  the  world  is  in  Asia :  name  it. 
Give  its  height,  and  tell  where  it  is  situated. 

17.  What  is  the  highest  volcano  in  Asia? 

18.  What  is  the  largest  island  of  Asia? 

19.  Which  is  the  longest  river? 

20.  Which  next?    Next? 

21.  In  what  zone  is  the  principal  part  of  Asia? 

22.  In  what  other  zones  are  any  portions  of  its  territory? 

23.  Does  the  Equator  cross  any  portion  of  it? 

•24.  What  division  of  Asia  is  crossed  by  the  Arctic  Circle? 
■li).  What  divisions  by  the  Tropic  of  Cancer? 


gj^jljy^i;fc!a^'ae5«SM-«-«i-.-e 


w 


U8 


OEOaRAPIIICAIi  QUESTIONS. 


1 


,  r 


26.  Describe  the  overland  route  from  London  to  Bombay. 
Alexandria  in  Kgypt  upon  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  Suez  on  the  Red 

Sen,  and  Aden  in  the  south-western  part  of  Arabia,  are  stopping- 
places  on  this  route. 

The  maii  vnute  from  London  is  by  way  of  Dover,  Calais,  ond  Paris. 
t  '  Marseilles;  thence  by  steamer,  stopping  at  Malta,  to  Aloxandrin. 
Another  route  is  by  steamer  from  Southampton  direct  to  Alexandria. 
Another,  still,  is  from  London,  by  way  of  Hamburg,  to  Trieste; 
thence  by  Austrian  steamers  to  Alexandria. 

Describe  the  routes,  and  name  the  principal  cities,  countries,  and 
bodies  of  water,  you  would  pass  through  by  each. 

The  distance  of  London  from  Bombay  by  mail-route  is  about  6000 
miles.  The  average  time  required  to  travel  from  one  point  to  the 
other  is  34  days. 

27.  There  is  a  line  of  steamers  from  Aden  to  Calcutta,  and 
another  from  Aden  to  Hong-Kong.  Describe  the  bodies  of 
water  through  which  you  would  pass,  going  to  each  place. 

Point  de  Galle,  a  small  seaport  of  Ceylon  south  of  Colombo,  and 
Madras,  are  stopping-places  on  the  route  to  Calcutta.  Point  de  Galle, 
Pulo  Penang,  and  Singapore,  are  stopping-places  on  the  route  to 
Ilong-Xong. 

The  distance  ft-om  Southampton  to  Calcutta,  by  way  of  Alexandria 
and  Aden,  is  920()  miles ;  average  time  required  for  making  the  trip, 
42J  days.  From  Southampton  to  Victoria,  Hong-Kong,  is  11,250 
miles ;  time  required,  56  days, 

28.  Contini-3  the  voyage  of  this  steamer  to  Shanghae,  and 
tell  what  waters  you  would  pass  through. 

29.  Up  what  river  would  you  sail  from  Shanghae  to  reach 
Nankin  ? 

80.  What  sea,  gulf,  and  river,  to  Pekin  ? 

31.  Where  is  the  Great  Wall  of  China? 

This  wall,  now  in  a  state  of  decay,  is  said  to  have  been  built  SWi 
years  before  the  Christian  Era.  It  was  erected  to  prevent  the  incur- 
sions of  the  Tartars  from  the  north.  Varying  in  height  from  15  to 
80  feet,  it  extended  over  hill  and  dale  a  dUtance  of  1500  miles. 


1.  In  w 

2.  In  w 

3.  Whii 

4.  Whr 
n.  Whi 

6.  Into 

A.  Into 
and  the  re( 

7.  Wh 
A.  The 

8.  Wh 
A.  Mor 

9.  To 
A.  Fra 

10.  W 
A.  Bar 

11.  W 
Sea? 

12.  W 

13.  W 

14.  ^ 

15.  ^ 

16.  A^ 

17.  N 

Ras  m 

18.  y 

19.  Y 

20.  1 

V)elong? 


» 


I 


n  to  Bom])ay. 
>,  Suez  on  the  Reil 
lia,  are  gtoppiiifr- 

Calais,  and  Paris, 
ta,  to  Aloxandrin. 
ect  to  Alexandria, 
burg,  to  Trieste; 

es,  countries,  and 

pute  18  about  6000 
one  point  to  the 

to  Calcutta,  and 

0  the  bodies  of 
each  place. 

1  of  Colombo,  and 
.     Point  de  Qalle, 

on  the  route  to 

way  of  Alexandria 
r  making  the  trip, 
;-Kong,  18  11,250 

I  Sbanghae,  and 
iDghae  to  reach 


re  been  built  S<K> 
)rcvent  the  incur- 
leight  from  16  to 
l&OO  miles. 


A^VA '( 


GEOGRAl-niCAL  QUESTIONS.  119 


MAP   NO.    XXVIII 

AFRICA. 

1.  In  what  direction  from  the  United  States  is  Africa? 

2.  In  what  direction  from  South  America?    Europe? 
;j.  What  great  sea  on  the  north? 

4.  "What  ocean  on  the  west? 

n.  What  sea  and  ocean  on  the  east? 

6.  Into  what  may  Africa  conveniently  be  divided? 

A.  Into  Northern,  Eastern,  Southern,  Western,  and  Central  Afnea, 
and  the  region  of  the  Nile. 

7.  What  constitutes  Northern  Africa? 

A.  The  Barbary  States  and  the  Great  Desert. 

8.  What  does  Barbary  include? 

A.  Morocco,  Algeria,  Tunis,  Tripoli,  and  Bcled-el-Jerid. 

9.  To  what  European  power  docs  Algeria  belong? 
A.  France. 

10.  What  divisions  belong  to  Tripoli? 
A.  Barca  and  Angola. 

11.  Which  of  these  divisions  border  on  the  Mediterranean 

Sea? 

12.  Which  borders  on  the  Atlantic  Ocean? 

13.  Which  one  on  both  the  Atlantic  and  Mediterranean? 

14.  Which  one  is  entirely  in  the  interior? 

15.  Which  extends  farthest  east?     North?    South?   West? 

16.  What  range  of  mountains  in  Barbary? 

17.  Name  the  two  capes  north  of  Tunis. 
Ras  means  head,  or  cape. 

18.  Which  of  these  is  farthest  north?    R.  A.  Kra. 

19.  What  three  groups  of  islands  west  of  Morocco? 

20.  To  what  European  power  does  each  of  these  groups 
V)elong? 


# 


w 


■  i . 


il 


IV 


I 

\  \ 

il 

1 


120 


GEOQRAPUICAL  QUESTIONS. 


21.  Numo  tbo  principal  Islands  of  each  of  these  groups. 

22.  What  gulf  between  Barca  and  Tripoli? 

23.  What  strait  between  Morocco  and  Spain  ? 

24.  In  which  of  the  Barbary  States  are  the  following  cities 
and  towns,  and  how  are  they  situated  ? 

25.  Tunis.  31.  Constantina. 

26.  Morocco.  32.  Tripoli. 

27.  Algiers.  33.  Mogadore. 

28.  Fez.  34.  Deme. 

29.  Mequinez.  35.  Bona. 

30.  Kairwan.  36.  Tuggurt. 

37.  What  region  south  of  Barbary  ? 

38.  What  country  on  the  east  of  it? 

39.  What  countries  on  the  south  ? 

40.  What  ocean  on  the  west  ? 

41.  What  is  the  western  part  of  the  Great  Desert  called? 

42.  What  the  eastern?    L.  Dt. 

43.  What  are  found  within  the  regions  of  the  Desert? 
A.  Numerous  oases,  or  verdant  spots,  and  a  few  salt-mines. 

44.  Which  is  the  largest  of  these  oases? 

45.  There  are  eight  others  of  considerable  size  :  name  them. 

46.  Name  the  principal  salt-minos. 

The  Great  Desert,  or  Desert  of  Sa'aara,  is  the  largest  upon  the 
globe.  It  is  traversed  in  many  directions  by  caravan  routes,  travel- 
lers on  which  undergo  the  most  intense  sufferings  from  thirst  and 
exposure  to  the  Simoom  —  a  hot,  dry  wind,  which  frequently  comes 
from  the  south  and  east,  lasting  ten  or  twelve  hours. 

47.  What  region  east  of  the  Great  Desert? 
A.  The  region  of  the  Nilo. 

48.  What  countries  are  included  in  this  region  ? 
A.  Egypt,  Nubia,  Abyssinia,  Kord(  'an,  and  Bari. 

49.  Which  of  these  countries  is  farthest  north  ? 


* 


aEOaHAPIIICAL   QtESTIONS. 


m 


icse  groups. 

? 

I  following  cities 

antina. 

li. 
dorc. 

irt. 


r>csert  called  ? 

he  Desert? 
salt-mines. 

ize :  name  them. 

I  largest  upon  the 
?an  routes,  travel- 
3  from  thirst  and 
1  frequently  comes 


ion? 

'i. 

rth? 


50.  Wbicb  extends  farthest  ca.st?     South? 

51.  Which  division  borders  on  the  Mediterranean  Sea? 

52.  Which  divisions  border  on  the  Red  Sea? 

53.  Which  divisions  belong  to  Egypt? 
A.  Nubia  and  Kordofan. 

54.  What  is  the  southern  part  of  Nubia  called?     Sr. 

55.  What  regions  west  of  Kordofan?     Dr.,  Bo. 

56.  What  are  the  divisions  of  Abyssinia?     Sa.,  Aa.,  Te. 

57.  What  people  south  of  Abyssinia?     Ga.,  Ss. 

58.  What  country  on  the  Nile  near  the  Equator?     Bi. 

59.  What  lake  is  the  supposed  source  of  the  Nile?     Uo. 

60.  Into  what  does  the  Nile  flow? 

The  river  Nile  is  formed  by  the  union  of  the  Bahr-cl-Azrck,  Blue 
Nile,  which  rises  in  Abyssinia,  and  the  Bahr-el-Abiad,  or  White  Nile, 
^hich  is  supposed  to  rise  south  of  the  Equator.  The  latter,  undoubt- 
edly the  true  Nile,  has  been  traced  to  within  4°  9'  of  the  Lquator, 
and  there  found  to  be  a  great  river,  and  seen,  from  the  top  of  a  moun- 
tain, stretching  away  in  the  distance  towards  the  south. 

South  of  the  Equator  is  reported  to  be  the  Lake  Usambiro,  a  body 
of  water  sufficiently  large,  if  flowing  into  the  Nile,  to  account  fur  it. 
great  size  400  miles  further  north.  The  NUe  flows  through  a  greater 
number  of  degrees  of  latitude  than  any  other  river  in  the  world. 

60.  What  river  of  Abyssinia  flows  into  the  Nile? 

61.  What  river  of  Bergoo  flows  into  a  lake? 

62.  Name  the  three  oases  of  Egypt. 

63.  What  is  the  country  between  the  mouths  of  the  Nile 

64.  In  wbat  country,  and  where,  are  the  following  cities  and 
towns  situated? 

69.  Khartoom. 


65.  Cairo. 

66.  Alexandria. 

67.  Damietta. 

68.  Siout. 
11 


70.  Suez. 

71.  Antalo. 

72.  Suakcm. 


^1 


■# 


Iff 


1 


12'2 


GKOORAPUICAL  QUESTIONS. 


li).  GonJar. 

74.  Massuah. 

75.  Wari. 


76.  Ilboit. 

77.  Cobbe. 

78.  Pelcnga. 

79.  What  docs  Western  Africa  comprise? 

A.  The  region  upon  the  Atlantic  coast,  extending  from  the  Great 
Uescrt  to  the  Tropic  of  Capricorn. 

80.  Wliat  general  divi-sions  are  included  in  this  section  of 
country  ? 

A.  Scncgambia,  or  the  region  watered  by  the  Senegal  and  Gambia 
riTJrs ;  Upper  Guinea,  the  tract  of  country  lying  north  of  the  Gulf 
of  Guinea;  and  Lower  Guinea,  the  tract  of  country  east  of  the  Gulf 
of  Guinea. 

81.  What  are  the  principal  native  kingdoms  of  Scncgambia? 
Bk.,  F.  Jo.,  Sa. 

S2.  What  of  Upper  Guinea?    Ae.,  Dy.,  Bn. 

83.  What  of  Lower  Guinea?    Lc,  Co.,  Aa.,  Ba.,  Ma. 

84.  What  colony  in  Senegambia?    S.  Le. 

85.  What  republic  partly  in  Senegambia,  and  partly  in  Upper 
Guinea?    La. 

86.  What  cape  west  of  Senegambia? 

87.  What  cape  south  of  Liberia? 

88.  Where  is  Cape  Frio?    Cape  Crosa? 

89.  What  group  of  islands  west  of  Cape  Verd  ? 

90.  To  what  European  power  does  this  group  belong?  Name 
the  principal  islands  of  the  group. 

91.  What  islands  on  the  coast  of  Lower  Guinea? 

92.  Which  of  these  belong  to  Spain? 

93.  To  vbat  European  power  do  the  remainder  belong? 

94.  What  European  powers  have  possessions  on  the  African 

coast? 

95.  What  names  are  given  to  the  different  sections  of  coast 

of  Western  Africa? 

96.  Where  is  the  Gold  Coast?    Slave  Coast?    Ivory  Coast? 


» 


OEOORAl'HICAL  QUESTIONS. 


128 


from  the  Great 

^his  section  of 

!gal  and  Gambia 
irth  of  the  Gulf 
east  of  the  Gulf 

)f  Scnegambia? 

,  Ba.,  Ma. 
partly  in  Upper 


•d? 

belong?  Name 

nea? 

Icr  belong? 
I  on  the  African 

lections  of  coast 

?    Ivory  Coast? 


97.  What  mountains  north  of  Upper  Guinea?     What  cast? 

98.  Where  are  the  Crystal  Mountains? 

99.  What  three  rivers  flow  through  Seneganibin? 

100.  What  river  forms  the  north-western  boundury  of  Libc- 
ria  ?     What  the  eastern  ? 

101.  What  great  river  of  Africa  separates  Upper  and  Lower 

Guinea? 

102.  In  what  direction  and  into  what  does  it  flow? 

103.  Name  the  four  principal  rivers  of  Lower  Guinea. 

104.  In  what  general  direction  and  into  what  do  they  flow? 

105.  Where  is  the  Gulf  of  Guinea? 

106.  Where  the  Bight  of  Benin?     Biafra? 
Bight  means  a  small  bay. 

107.  In  what  part  of  Western  Africa,  and  how  situated,  arc 
the  following  places  ? 

108.  St.  Louis,  114.  Timboo. 

109.  Bathurst.  115.  Coomassie. 

110.  Freetown.  116.  Abomey. 

111.  Monrovia  117.  Benin. 

112.  Abbeokuta.  118.  Lonango. 

113.  St.  Salvador  119.  St.  Paul  de  Loando. 

120.  What  does  Southern  Africa  comprise? 

A.  Nearly  all  that  part  of  Africiv  south  of  the  Tropic  of  Capricora. 

121.  What  are  the  principal  divisions? 

A.  Cape  Colony,  Natal,  Caffraria,  and  the  die tricts  inhabited  by 
the  Hottentots,  the  Boshnanas,  and  the  Zoolus. 

122.  Which  of  these  divisions  extends  farthest  south  ? 

123.  Which  divisions  border  on  the  Atlantic? 

124.  Which  on  the  Indian  Ocean  ? 

125.  What  district  entirely  in  the  int«rior? 

126.  Which  is  the  mos*;  southern  cape? 

127.  What  cape  south-west  of  Cape  Colony? 


» 


124 


QEOORAPinCAL   QUESTIONS. 


128.  What  mountains  in  Cape  Colony? 

129.  What  west  of  Natal? 

130.  What  desert  nor.,h-cast  of  the  Hottentot  Country? 

131.  To  what  European  power  do  Capo  Colony  and  Natal 
belong? 

Oreat  Britain. 
182.  What  river  separates  the  countries  of  the  Hottentots 
and  Boshuanas  from  Cape  Colony  ? 

133.  What  bay  cast  of  the  Zoolu  Country? 

134.  Where  is  CajMjtown?     D'I'rban?     Kurreechane? 
185.  What  docs  Eastern  Africa  comprise? 

A.  The  section  cxfcndiiig  from  Abyssinia  to  tlie  Zooln  Country. 

136.  What  are  its  principal  divisions? 

A.  The  country  of  the  Somaulics,  Zangucbar,  and  Mozambique. 

137.  Which  division  of  Zanguebar  is  north  of  the  Equator? 

138.  Which  three  south?    Qa.,  Ms.,  Ma. 

139.  To  what  European  nation  does  Mozambique  belong? 
A.  Portugal. 

140.  Which  is  the  most  eastern  cape  of  Africa? 

141.  Name  the  four  capes  of  Eastern  Africa,  south  of  Cape 
Ctuardafui. 

142.  What  channel  cast  of  Mozambique? 

143.  What  large  island  east  of  this  channel? 

144.  What  gulf  north  of  the  Somaulics  Country? 

145.  What  island  east?     Sa. 

146.  What  three  islands  on  the  coast  of  Zanguebar? 

147.  To  what  power  do  they  belon;? 

148.  What  groups  of  islands  east  of  Madagascar?     Ma. 

149.  Which  of  them  belong  to  England?     Ms. 

150.  Which  to  France?    Bn. 

151.  What  group  of  islands  between  Jladagascar  and  3Io- 
zambique  ? 


# 


OEOORAPIIICAL   QUESTIONS. 


125 


;  Country  ? 
lony  and  Natal 


thi)  Hottentots 

rreechnne  ? 
IooIq  Country, 

1  Mozftmbique. 
)f  the  Equator? 

irjuc  belong? 

ca? 

I,  south  of  Cape 


ntry? 

guebar 

? 

iscar? 

Ma. 

Ms. 

jascar 

and  Mo- 

Tuna- 


15-2.  What  two  groups  ca.st  of  Zunguobar?     So.,  Ac. 

153.  To  whom  do  they  belong? 

154.  What  mountains  in  IMadagasca 

155.  What  capo  forms  its  northern  extremity? 
150.  What  its  southern? 

157.  On  what  island  is  St.  Denis?    Tort  Louis. 

narivou? 

158.  Where  is  Mozambii:ue?    Mombas?    Berbcra? 
Mombas  is  noted  as  containing  the  ini,s8ionary  station  occupied  by 

Drs.  Uebmann  and  Kra,.f,  wboso  recent  explorations  and  d.scovenes 
in  Central  Africa  have  attracted  the  attention  of  the  world. 

lierbera  is  noted  for  its  great  fairs,  which  <"'"»'""«' ;"""f^^y^;7^ 
April  to  October,  drawing  together,  from  the  vic.n.ty,  from  10,000  to 

20,000  persons. 

159.  Where  is  the  river  Zambeze? 

1C,0.  Name  some  of  the  other  rivers  of  Eastern  Afriea. 

IGl.  What  does  Central  Africa  com^irise? 

A.  All  the  interior  regions  south  of  the  Great  Desert. 

162.  What  are  the  two  principal  divisions? 
A.  Soudan  and  Ethiopia. 

163.  What  two  ranges  of  mountains  south  of  Soudan? 

164.  What  are  the  three  eastern  divisions  of  Soudan  ?     Km., 

165.  What  divisions  between  the  Niger  and  Lake  Tchad? 
Ma.,  Bu.,  Ha.,  Zg.,  No. 

166.  What  south  of  the  Niger?    Bo.,  Ya.,  Kg.,  Bo. 

167.  What  north  of  the  Niger?     To. 

168.  What  divisions  in  the  west? 
Be.,  W^a. 

169.  What  great  river  in  Soudan? 

170.  What  lake  in  the  east? 

171.  What  two  rivers  flow  into  this  lake? 

172.  What  region  south  of  the  Mountains  of  the  Moon? 
11* 


"^^^ 


Ba.,  Ma.,  Bo.,  Ka. 


» 


lili 


oKonuAi'incAii  questions. 


i  < 


>:i:-, 


•ii  si 


l~'-').  Wliiit  two  mountains  in  Kthiopia,  near  tbo  Eciuator? 
174.   Wliiit  lakei' 

ITi).  {,[  what  river  is  this  lake  Bupponcd  to  be  the  source 'i* 
17(5.   In  wlint  division  of  Central  Africa,  and  on  or  near  what 
iivcr,  are  tlie  followit'^  places  ' 

177.  Hackatoo.  181.  Angornou. 

17H.  Zaria.  182.  Jenno. 

179,  Sego.  183.  Bou-saa. 

180.  Kano.  184.  Tinibuctoo. 

Our  knowledge  of  Central  Africa  is  very  impTrnct.  Soiul(\n  n' 
crily  partially  known  through  the  travcU  of  Mun^;o  ''ark,  Uenhnin 
iiml  (.'Inpperton,  Caillc,  and  the  hrothcru  Landers,  t'  '•  knowlodgo 
(if  iJiirfur  is  uhtalncd  from  W.  (1.  Krown,  who  reat.ied  that  region  in 
1  T'j;!,  and  was  kept  there  a  pri.soncr  for  two  year.'.  Mungo  Park 
tiiiccd  the  Niger  from  .some  distance  above  Sego  to  i'oun,  where  he 
was  drowned  in  attempting  to  escape  from  an  attacking  party  of 
the  natives,  in  1805.  Lake  Tchad  wns  discovered  by  Denham  ami 
Clapperton,  and  the  mouth  of  the  Niger,  with  its  courito  from  Youri. 
by  the  brothers  Lander. 

Tlie  more  recent  discoveries  in  this  region  have  been  made  from 
three  different  directions:  first,  fi'*^  the  north,  the  Nile  has  been 
traced  by  the  Egyptian  cxpv aition  o:  i  MQ,  and  later  by  Dr.  Knoblecher. 
to  within  4°  9'  of  the  Eq'iator.  Second,  from  Mombas,  on  the  east, 
Drs.  Krapf  and  Uebmann  have  discovered,  near  the  Equator,  the 
snow-covered  peaks  of  Kenia  and  Kilimantyaro ;  and,  from  informa- 
tion obtained  iiy  them  from  the  natives,  geographers  are  enabled  t<i 
place  hypoihetically  the  great  lake  Usamhiro,  supposed  to  be  the 
true  source  of  the  Nile.  Aud  lastly,  on  the  south,  the  Uev.  Mr.  Liv- 
ingston has  disooYorod  Lake  Ngami,  and  another  lake  further  north, 
not  yet  named  by  him.  These  lakes  are  supposed  to  be  connected 
with  the  Zauibojie  river. 

All  these  travellers  agree  in  representing  the  inhabitants  of  the 
interior  of  Africa  as  much  superior  to  those  upon  the  coast. 


W     1^ 


t 


m 


OKUOHAl'lllOAI.  yllKBTlON*. 


itr 


bo  E(|uator? 

u  the  source '/ 
)n  or  near  wliiit 

oou. 

a. 
ictoo. 

>c't.  Souilftn  is 
■)  ''ftrk,  Denhntii 
('  '•  knowlo(lK<> 
id  that  region  in 
?.  Mungo  Pnrk 
Vonri,  where  lie 
nckiiig  party  of 
by  Dcnlinm  ami 
irie  from  Youri. 

been  mnile  from 
e  Nile  1ms  been 
r  Dr.  Knoblocher. 
ibas,  on  the  east, 
ho  Equator,  the 
(I,  from  informa- 
s  are  enabled  to 
)posed  to  be  ihv 
he  Uev.  Mr.  Liv- 
(0  further  north, 
to  be  connecteil 

^habitants  of  the- 
he  ooaat. 


HTATI«T.CAh  AND  OENKRAI,  QUKSTIONS. 

1    How  Joes  Africa  compare  in  size  with  Kur-.pc? 

2.  How  in  dcnmty  of  poHation  with  North  Amcra^? 

3.  What  portion  of  Africa  is  occupied  by  the  ««>»t  desert  ^ 
I  Which  i«  the  brger,  Ethiopia  or  the  United  States^   The 

Great  Desert  or  Brazil i:' 

f,   Which  has  the  greater  population,  Africa  or  Amenca . 
6.  Which  city  of  Africa  has  the  g^^^'^^' FP"'"^'""^ 
7    How  many  cities  have  a  population  of  100,000  f 

8.  Name  all  the  cities  of  Africa  with  a  greater  population 

than  50,000. 

9.  Which  is  the  longest  river? 

10.  Which  next  in  length? 

11.  Which  is  the  highest  mountain? 

12.  What  volcano  on  the  Canary  Islands? 

13.  How  high  is  it? 

14.  What  is  the  principal  island  of  Africa  f 

15.  What  is  its  size?  ,    .  ,    r      „f 

16  In  what  general  direction,  and  through  what  bodies  of 
water,  would  a  vessel  pass,  sailing  from  New  York  to  Alex- 

andria?  .,     .  , 

17  What,  sailing  from  Baltimore  to  Liberia  r 

18  A  veLl  from  Muscat  visited  New  York  a  few  years 
since:  through  what  bodies  of  water  did  it  sail? 

19.  Around  what  capo? 

20.  In  what  zone  is  Africa,  principally? 

21.  What  part  of  it  is  in  the  South  Temperate  Zone^ 
22    What  in  the  North  Temperate  Zone? 

23.  Is  it  warmer  or  colder  in  Africa,  generally,  than  m  the 
United  States?    Why? 


IBf 


IT 


11 


128 


OKOURAI'tllCAL   gUKSTIONH. 


MAP   NO.    XXXI. 


OCKANIO... 

1.  Of  what  UouM  thin  division  entirely  cuuHist? 
A.  Inland!!. 

2.  Wlicro  arc  thcso  islands  situated? 

A.  South  of  Aii'ia,  anil  lietwcrn  it  and  America. 

3.  In  what  oceans  are  they  found? 

4.  What  arc  the  three  general  divisions  of  Oceanica? 

0.  Which  division  approachcH  nearest  to  the  main  land  of 
Asia? 

0.  Whicu  approaches  nearest  America? 
7.   Which  division  extends  farthest  north? 

5.  Which  has  the  Equator  for  its  northern  boundary? 

9.  Which  has  the  parallel  of  50°  for  its  southern  boundary'/ 

10.  Which    has    the    meridian   of   130°   for  its    eastern 
boundary  ? 

11.  Which  is  the  most  western  island  of  Malaysia? 

12.  What  strait  separates  it  from  Malacca? 

13.  vVhat  is  Malacca,  an  island  or  peninsula? 

14.  What  strait  separates  Sumatra  from  Java? 

15.  What  small  island  east  of  Sumatra?     Ba. 
This  island  is  noted  for  its  abundance  of  tin. 

16.  What  islands  east  of  Java?    By.,  Sa.,  Ja,,  Fs.,  Tr. 

17.  What  large  island  north  of  Java? 

18.  What  island  and  group  east  of  Borneo? 

19.  What  strait  between  Celebes  and  Borneo' 

20.  What  group  of  islands  in   Malaysia  extends  farthest 
north? 

21.  What  are  the  two  principal  islands  of  this  group? 

22.  What  group  between  the  Philippine  Islands  and  Borneo? 


OEoi.llAllllCAr,   QUESTIONS. 


120 


canica? 
main  land  of 


unJary? 

cm  boundary  ? 

}r  its    eastern 


ysia? 


I.,  F8.,  Tr. 


tonda  farthest 

group  ? 
s  and  Borneo  ? 


2!5.  On  what  island  i    Mount  Ojihir'/ 

Most  of  tlio  ixlaniN  (jI'  Miilftynia  are  uiDuntniuoiid.  It  l»  cutlmated 
that  there  mo  ii"t  Ins  than  117  volcanoc*  on  the  Uliiniln  of  tW\* 
iliviMion. 

24.  Whioh  of  tho  Kuropoaa  powcrii  have  possecsions  in 
Malaysia? 

A.  Spain,  Hollaii'l,  Kii(?lftn(l,  and  rortuKul. 

Tho  l'hili|)piiie  iMliinilH  hclmiK  to  Simin ;  a  piti-t  of  .lavu,  Suiimtrft, 
Celebes,  an.l  tho  S,,icu  IhUukIh.  to  tho  Dutch ;  Timor  \h  divided  bo- 
twccn  tho  Dutch  and  I'ortugueHO ;  ond  Knulanil  ImM  Homo  posscKslons 
on  the  west  coast  of  Iloriieo. 

25.  Ou  what  island  v.<-".  tho  following  cities? 

20.  Manilla.  81.  I'adang. 

27.  Batavia.  ^'2-  I'alcnibang. 

2S.  Aehecn.  83.  Borneo. 

29.  Samarang.  8-t.  Sarawak. 

30.  Bcncoolcn.  8.5.  Benjarmassin. 
Manilla  is  tho  capital  of  all  tho  Spanisli  possessions  in  tho  East ; 

Rfttovla,  of  all  tho  possessions  of  tho  Dutch  ;  both  are  very  important 
commercial  cities.     Sarawak  belongs  to  tho  IJritish. 
3(3.   What  division  south-cast  of  Malaysia? 

37.  What  is  the  principal  island  of  this  division? 

38.  What  largo  island  north  of  it? 

39.  What  strait  separates  the  two  islands? 

40.  What  archipelago  and   islands  east  of  New  Guinea? 
3.  Ao.,  N.  Id.,  N.  Bn.,  Le. 

41.  What  islands  cast  of  Australia?     N.  Us.,  N.  Ca.,  Nk. 

42.  Who  inhabit  Norfolk  Island? 

43.  What  island  south  of  Australia? 

44.  What  islands  south-east?     N.  Zd. 

45.  What  strait  separates  the  two  principal  islands  of  New 
Zealand  ? 


i! 


W^ 


If' 


(  B  -■ 


130 


GEOGRAI'HICAL   QUESTIONS. 


\  i 


•fl'i 


46.  What  strait  separates  Van  Dienieu's  Land  from  Aus- 
tralia? 

47.  Which  of  the  islands  of  Australasia  belong  to  Great 

Britain  'i 

A.  Australia,  New  Zealand,  aud  Van  Dieracn's  Land,  or  Tasmania. 

48.  What  is  the  northern  division  of  Australia  called? 

49.  What  the  southern?  Western?  Eastern?  South- 
eastern ? 

50.  Where  is  the  gold  region  of  Australia? 

This  region  is  supposed  to  be  nearly  as  extensive  as  the  gold  region 
of  California.  It  was  discovered  in  1851,  by  a  man  who  had  been  in 
California,  and  who  was  struck  with  the  resemblance  of  the  country 
about  the  head-waters  of  the  Murray  river  to  the  valley  of  the  Sacra- 
mento and  San  Joaquin.  It  now  ranks  as  second  only  to  California 
in  the  quantity  of  gold  it  furnishes  to  the  world. 

51.  What  is  the  most  northern  capo  of  Australia? 

52.  What  the  most  eastern?     Western? 

53.  What  two  gulfs  north  of  Australia? 

54.  What  sea  north-east? 

55.  Where  are  the  Blue  Mountains? 

50.  In  what  division  of  Australia  is  Lake  Torrens? 

57.  What  is  tho  most  eastern  cape  of  New  Zealand? 

58.  What  the  most  northern? 

59.  In  what  division  of  Australia  are  the  following  cities 
and  towns,  and  how  situated? 

GO.  Sydney.  03.  Albany. 

61.  Melbourno.  64.  Perth. 

62.  Adelaide.  65.  Brisbane. 

66.  On  what  island  are  the  following  cities  and  towns? 

67.  HobartTown.  69.  Canterbury. 

68.  Auckland.  70.  Launceston. 


Aucklant 
mania.  Syi 
New  South 

71.  Wh 

A.  Thei 

Polynesii 

72.  In 

73.  Wl 

The  Can 
of  tho  gov( 
settlements 

74.  Wl 

A.  Tlie 

75.  Of 

76.  Mc 
vcrcd  islai 

The  carl 

77.  Wl 

78.  By 

In  1849 
three  were 
natives  of 
cottages,  f 
principallj 

79.  W 
(See  Maj 

80.  W 

81.  Oi 

82.  H 
It  is  th 

83.  O 

84.  0 

85.  H 


-PI 


,and  from  Aus- 

belong  to  Great 

and,  or  Tasmania, 
lia  called  ? 
astern  ?      South- 


as  tho  gold  region 
n  wlio  had  been  in 
ice  of  the  country 
alloy  of  the  Sacra- 
only  to  California 

tralia? 


["orrens? 
Zealand? 


i  following  cities 


iny. 

b. 

banc. 

I  and  towns? 


CEOaBAPIIICAr.  QUESTIONS. 


131 


:erbury. 

aceston. 


Auckland  is  the  capital  of  New  Zealand;  Hobart  Town,  of  Tas- 
mania. Sydney  is  the  i.riucipal  city  of  Australia,  and  the  capital  of 
New  South  Wales. 

71.  "What  does  Polynesia  comprise? 

A.  The  islands  situated  between  Malaysia,  Australia,  and  America. 
Polynesia  means  many  islands. 

72.  In  what  ocean  arc  these  islands? 

73.  Which  groups  belong  to  Spain  ?     Ce.,  Le. 

The  Caroline  Islands  nominally  belong  to  Spain,  and  form  a  part 
of  the  government  of  the  Philippines;  but  the  Spaniards  have  no 
settlements  upon  them. 

74.  What  islands  belong  to  France? 
A.  Tlie  Marquesn.s  and  Tahiti. 

75.  Of  what  group  of  islands  is  Tahiti  one?     Gn. 

76.  Mention  the  name  of  some  of  the  navigators  who  disco- 
vered islands  in  Polynesia. 

The  earliest  disooveries  were  made  by  Magellan,  in  1521. 

77.  When  was  Pitcairn  Island  settled? 

78.  By  whom? 

In  1849  the  population  of  thin  island  amounted  to  149,  of  whom 
tliree  were  English,  one  a  native  Tahitian  woman,  and  the  remainder 
natives  of  the  island.  They  have  a  church,  school,  and  comfortable 
cottages,  forming  a  village.  It  is  visited  annually  by  a  few  vessels, 
principally  American  whalers. 

79.  Which  are  the  most  important  islands  of  Polynesia? 
(See  Map  No.  XXXII.) 

80.  Which  are  the  principal  islands  of  this  group? 

81.  On  which  island  is  Mauna  Kea? 

82.  How  high  is  this  mountain? 
It  is  the  most  elevated  in  Polynesia. 

83.  On  which  island  is  the  capital? 

84.  On  which  island,  and  when,  was  Captain  Cook  killed? 

85.  How  many  in  number  are  the  Sandwich  Islands? 


# 


.1 


132 


GEOGRAPHICAL  QUESTIONS. 


80.  Which  is  the  largest? 

The  Sandwich  Islands  arc,  in  a  commercial  point  of  view,  of  very 
great  consequence.  Honolulu  is  an  important  entrepfit  for  trade 
between  all  commercial  nations,  and  a  noted  resort  for  vessels  engage.l 

in  the  whale  fishery.  ,  .     m   • 

The  natives  of  these  islands  are  nearly  all  converted  to  tUns- 

tianity.     Schools  have  been  established,  and  in  1849  they  contained 

lt),2fl0  pupils,  supported  at  an  expense  oi  $34,946. 
ST.  Which  is  the  largest  island  of  Oceanica? 

88.  Which  next  in  size? 

89.  Which  of  the  islands  is  most  populous? 

90.  Which  is  most  densely  settled? 

91.  Name  the  three  principal  cities  of  Oceanica  in  the  order 

of  their  population. 

92.  One  of  them  has  about  the  same  population  as  Boston: 
name  it,  and  tell  t'.e  island  on  which  it  is  situated. 

93.  Another  has  about  the  same  population  as  Cincinnati: 
give  its  name,  and  tell  the  island  on  which  it  is  situated. 

"  94.  Where  is  Honolulu?    What  is  its  population ? 

95.  Describe  the  waters  through  which  a  vessel  would  sail 
from  Liverpool  to  Manilla. 

90.  Vessels  from  Europe  and  America,  for  China,  Manilla, 
&c.,  usually  pass  through  the  Straits  of  Sunda:  where  are  these 
Straits,  and  what  islands  are  separated  by  them? 

97.  A  line  of  steamers  is  proposed  from  Panama  to  Austra- 
lia, with  stopping-places  at  Tahiti  and  New  Zealand:  describe 
a  voyage  from  New  York  by  this  route. 

98.  In  what  zone  is  the  greater  part  of  this  route? 

99.  Which  is  the  most  southern  of  all  the  islands  of  this 

division  ? 

100.  Which  the  most  northern?    Eastern?    Western? 


1 


ft 


of  view,  of  very 
itrepfit  for  trade 
ir  vessels  engaged 

iverted  to  Chris- 
19  they  contained 


nica  in  the  order 

ition  as  Boston: 

ited. 

on  as  Cincinnati : 

is  situated. 

ilation  ? 

vessel  would  sail 

r  CUina,  Manilla, 

:  where  are  these 

m? 

anama  to  Austra- 

Sealand:  describe 

s  route? 

be  islands  of  this 

?    Western? 


APPENDIX. 


LATITUDE    AND    LONGITUDE. 

The  following  questions,  designed  as  explanatory  of  the  dif- 
ference in  the  length  of  degrees  of  longitude,  are  suggested  by 
a  teacher  of  much  practical  experience. 

1.  On  what  is  latitude  measured  ? 

A.  On  circles  which  run  north  and  south,  viz.,  meridians. 

2.  "What  kind  of  circles  are  meridians? 
A.  Great  circles. 

3.  What  is  the  length  of  a  degree  on  a  great  circle? 
A.  69J  miles. 

4.  What  then  is  the  length  of  a  degree  of  latitude? 

A.  09 J  miles  always. 

5    On  ;  iat  is  longitude  measured? 

A.  On  the  Equator,  or  smaller  circles.    The  Equator  is  a  great 

circle. 

6.  What  is  the  length  of  a  degree  of  longitude  upon  the 

Equator? 

A.  The  same  as  a  degree  of  latitude,  or  C9i  miles. 

7.  What  is  the  length  of  a  degree  of  longitude  on  the  smalki 

A.  They  differ  in  proportion  to  the  siw  of  the  circle ;  the  smaUer 
the  circle,   the  less  is  the  length  of  the  degree. 

The  table  on  the  following  page  shows  the  length  of  degrees  of  lon- 
gitude in  geographical  and  statute  miles  on  any  parallel  of  latitude 
between  the  Equator  and  the  Poles.  Sixty  geographical  miles  are 
equal  to  about  C9J  statute  miles. 

■^2  (^^^) 


f 


1< 

■    *l 
I  (  'i 

ill 

,"1  ' 

ft ' 

h, 

la"  i    'l 


!i,,l 


184 


APPENDIX. 


A   TABLE, 

Showing  the  Number  of  Milet  contained  in  a  Degree  of  Longitude  on  an;/ 
Parallel  of  Latitude,  between  the  £guator  and  the  Poles. 


m 


^u 


fluoi:rniihical 

English 

l)p({roc  of 

OeoiraiiliiciU 

Kiiiilisli 

Milu.H. 

Luiimae. 

Milll8. 

Mil08. 

LatituU«. 

.Mill's. 

1 

60.00 

69.15 

46 

41.08 

48.01 

2 

6«.06 

69.07 

47 

40.92 

47.14 

3 

69.92 

09.02 

48 

40.16 

46.25 

4 

69.85 

08.94 

49 

39.30 

45.34 

6 

69.77 

68.85 

60 

38.57 

44.43 

n 

69.67 

68.74 

61 

37.70 

43.50 

7 

69.55 

68.00 

62 

36.94 

42.55 

8 

69.42 

08.45 

63 

30.11 

41.60 

g 

69.26 

68.26 

64 

35.2" 

40.63 

10 

69.09 

08.06 

65 

34.41 

39.64 

11 

68.89 

67.84 

66 

33.65 

38.05 

12 

68.08 

07.60 

67 

32.08 

37.64 

13 

68.46 

07.34 

,        68 

31.80 

30.03 

11 

68.22 

67.07 

;        69 

30.90 

36.59 

15 

67.95 

66.76 

1        60 

30.00 

^.50 

16 

67.67 

66.43 

61 

29.09 

33.61 

17 

■  57.38 

06.10 

62 

28.17  ; 

32.45 

18 

67.00 

66.73 

63 

27  .at 

31.38 

19 

6l').73 

66.35 

64 

26.30 

30.29 

20 

66.38 

64.95 

65 

25.36 

29.21 

21 

66,01 

64.52 

66 

24.40 

28.11 

22 

66.63 

61.08 

67 

23.44 

27.00 

2.'( 

66.23 

63.62 

08 

22.48 

25.89 

24 

64.81 

63.14 

1        69 

21.60 

24.76 

25 

64.38 

62.64 

1        70 

20.52 

23.04 

26 

63.9;.' 

62.12 

71 

19.63 

pv.firt 

27 

63.40 

61.58 

72 

18.54 

21.36 

28 

52.97 

61.02 

73 

17.64 

20.20 

29 

62.47 

60.44 

74 

16.54 

19.05 

30 
31 

r-.96 

69.85 

75     • 

15.53 

17.89 

61.43 

69.24 

1        76 

14.62 

10.72 

32 

50.88 

68.61 

i        77 

13.50 

15.65 

33 

60.32 

67.97 

1        '* 

12.47 

14.36 

34 

49.74 

67.30 

!        79 

11.45 

13.19 

So 

49.16 

66.82 

80 

10.42 

12.00 

36 

48,64 

65.91 

t        81 

9.39 

10.81 

37 

47.92 

66.20 

'        82 

8.36 

9.62 

38 

47.28 

64.46 

!        83 

7.31 

8.42 

39 

4063 

63.72 

84 

6.27 

1M 

40 

45.06 

62.94 

85 

6.23 

0.02 

41 

45.28 

62.16 

86 

4.19 

4.82 

42 

44.59 

61.36 

87 

3.14 

3.61 

43 

43.88 

60.i>5 

88 

2.09 

2.40 

44 

43.16 

49.72 

sa 

1.05 

1.21 

45 

42.43 

48.88 

90 

0.00 

0.00 

Showing  thi 
Places  on 
named. 


Key  West, 

Snvannah,  I 

Charleston, 

Waxbini^i 

Westchestc 

Marietta,  C 

ProTidance 

CambridKP 

Burlingloii 

Ea<tport,  I 

New  York, 

Kooheatcr, 

Miiwaul(e<^ 


Trinidad.. 
Cursfoa... 
Grenada... 
Barfcadoes 
Ouadalou] 
Antigua... 
Jamaica  ■. 
Cape  Hayl 
Hayana... 


Maranbai 
Cayenne, 
Paramari 
QeorgetoT 
lUo  Janci 

Rome,  Iti 
Geneva,  S 
Berne, 
Coimbra, 
Madrid,  £ 
Paris,  Fn 
Hospice  ( 
Bcrgon,^ 
Uleaborg 
St.  Petcri 

Pulo  Pot 
Oolombo 


^'  "^ 


APPENDIX. 


136 


I 


f  Long 

itude  on  an;/ 

I  the  r 

ales. 

hlcol 

Kiiiilisli 

'S. 

Milu.H. 

« 

48.01 

'2 

47.14 

6 

415.25 

U 

45.34 

7 

44.43 

0 

43.50 

4 

42.55 

1 

41  .BO 

'" 

40.tt! 

11 

89.M 

>5 

38.05 

18 

37  .f4 

JO 

30.83 

90 

35.59 

K) 

31.50 

09 

33.51 

IT; 

32.45 

•2A 

31.38 

30 

30.29         .S 

M 

29.21 

ta 

28.11 

44 

27.00 

48 

25.89 

60 

24.76 

S'2 

23.04 

63 

•"'.M 

54 

21.36 

54 

20.20 

54 

19.05 

53 

17.89 

52 

10.72 

50 

15.65 

47 

i4.se 

45 

13.19 

42 

12.00 

39 

10.81 

.35 

9.02 

.31 

8.42 

.27 

7j22 

.23 

0.02 

.19 

4.82 

.14 

3.B1 

.09 

2.40 

.05 

1.21 

.00 

0.00 

A   TABLE, 

Showing  the  Annual  Fall  of  Rain,  in  inches  and  decimal  part,,  at  variom 
Place)  on  the  Olobe;  a,  aho,  the  Latitude  and  Longitude  of  the  I  laec, 
named.     Longitude  from  Greenwich. 


LatHuilc. 


ONITKD  STATES. 

Key  West,  Florid* 

SttvannBh,  Ocoriria ■ 

Charicaton,  S.  C 

Wa«hln(5ton,  D.C ;'  "; 

WoBtohcster,  !•». ^"  1,, 


24°32'N. 
32  04 
32  40 
!8  53 
57 
39  26 


Marietta,  0.;..... i     ..    ,,, 

Proviilance,  R.  I |    *^  jf. 


I^ngitnda. 


Cambridge,  Mass If  5, 

Burilngton,  Vt.  —     **  '' 

ISaxtport,  Me 

New  York,  N.Y. 
Rochester,  N.Y. 
Mllwauke<^,  Wis, 


WEST  INDIES. 

Trinidad 

Cursfoa 

Grenada 

Barfcadoes 

Ouadaloupe 

Antigua 

Jamaica ••;•••■;; 

Cape  Haytion,  Uayti 

IlaTsna 


SOUTH  AMERICA. 

Maranbam,  Brazil 

Cayenne,  Ouiana 

Paramaribo, " 

Georgetown," 

Kio  Janeiro,  Braiil 


EUROPE. 

Rome,  Italy 

Geneva,  Switzerland 

Beme,  " 

Coimbra,  Portugal 

Madrid,  Spain 

Paris,  France 

IIoRpice  Great  St.  Bernard 

Bergen,  Norway 

Uleaborg,  Finland 

St.  Petersburg,  Russia 


ASIA. 

Pulo  Penang  Island 

Colombo,  Ceylon 


f-^P 


44  64 
40  42 
43  08 
43  04 


10°  40'  N. 

12  15 

12  15 

13 

18 

17 

18 

19  43 

23  09 


2°29'S. 
4  66  N. 
6  40 
6  48 
22  64  H. 


41052'N. 
46  11 
53  11 
40  12 
40  23 
48  50 
45  60 
61  20 
70 
60 


6»25'N. 
6  57 


810  47'W. 
81  08 
79  67 
7.-  01 

10 

27 

24 

08 

10 


75 
81 
71 
71 
i3 


Amount  of 
Rain. 


66  66 

74  01 

77  61 

87  57 


82  20 


440 12*  W. 
62  15 
65  07 
68  07 
43  10 


12030'K. 

6  08 
8  31 

8  23  W. 
3  40 
2  20E. 

7  12 
6  30 

25  20 
30 


100°  15' E. 
79  58 


35.20 
47.42 
47  .'10 
311.30 
40.80 
34.10 
41.04 
38.42 
39.44 
36.28 
42.25 
38.47 
26.41 


B2.92 
20.04 

103.41 
67.58 

292.03 
39.49 
49.12 

127.88 
90.66 


276.12 
110.27 
229.20 
160.71 

58.68 


SO 

42.00 
43 
HI 
9 
20 
fi;! 
80 

i;!.05 
17.05 


65 
99.21 


-% 


T-^ 


i 

I   \     :! 


\i 


Ml 


18C 


APPENDIX 


TABLE  OF  RAIN— CosTisuED 


ASIA— CoxTiNuro. 
SorlnRBpatBm,  Ulndooetan 

UaiiKnloro  " 

MnUraa " 

Mtthiibalosbwar " 

Bombay " 

Miinio,  Obiii* 

Calcutta,  lllndoo8t»n 

Canton,  Cbiua 

Benaruri,  liinj.iostan 
DelUl " 


AFRICA 

Sierra  Leone 

Onndar,  Abyssinia 
I'ort  Louiii,  Mauritius 
Madeira 


AIISTKAI,ASIA. 

Sydney,  New  Snutb  Wales 

ilobart  Town,  Van  Dlemen's  Land 
Albany,  West  Australia 


The  annual  amount  of  rain  falling  in  the  Torrid  Zone  is  estimatea 
at  74  inches  upon  the  Enstern,  and  113  inches  on  the  Western  Conti- 
nent. In  Europe  the  amount  is  estimated  at  34  inches,  in  the  United 
States  at  39  inches,  and  in  Australia  at  20  inches,  annually. 

In  the  Torrid  Zone,  the  average  annual  fall  of  rain  Jiay  be  stated 
at  eight  and  a  half  feet;  in  the  Temperate  Zones,  three  feet;  and  in 
the  Frig  1  Zones,  one  foot  and  a  fourth. 

Table  showing  the  number  of  Day-  on  which  .  lainfalU  in  different  places. 

EUBOI'E. 

East  of  Ireland 208 

Holland 170 


UNITED    STATES. 

Rochester,  N.  Y 119 

New  York  city 103 

Chapel  Hill,  N.  C 99 

Natchez,  Miss ^4 


St.  Petersburg 169 

Poland 158 


AVorcester,  Mass 86    England  and  West  France 152 

Savannah,  Ga 85    Buda,  Hungary 112 


Muscatine,  Iowa., 


65 


ASIA. 

Irkoutsk,  Siberia £7 


Lombardy  90 

Kazan 00 

Italy  89 

South  of  France 76 


North  of  Syria 54    Gibraltar. 


■    -W^ 


# 


tudc. 

Amount  of 
Uuiii. 

VE, 

4 

5 

a 

u 

0 
6 
0 

2.1.47 
4;i.72 
18,04 
302.«6 
80.04 
68  JO 
6K.tI0 
61).a8 
42.73 
23.61 

23' W. 
»  K. 
11 
M  W. 

180.09 
37.38 
86.25 
29.82 

WE. 

26.08 
22.42 
32,08 

: 

Zone  IB  estimate 

1 

he  Western  Conti- 

hcB,  in  the  United 

innually. 

rain  Jiay  be  stated 

three  feet;  and  in 

a  in  different  places. 

ROl'E. 

1 2C 

8 
0 
5t 
8 
»2 

17 

le 

1£ 

^est  France If 

y 1] 

i: 
to 

V.) 
(6 

5 

r 

j 

ce 



58 

ArPKNDIX. 


A   TABLE, 


137 


Showing  (he   Average  Annual  Temperature  of  variou,  Plaee,  vpon  the 
Globe,  as  also  the  LaHlude  of  the  Pluees  nameil. 


Places, 


Lftt. 


11)  S 


EASTEKN  UEMI8PIVE, 

North  I'lipe ,  „„ 

Yukoutsk "f  .„ 

Berenn ~ " ',  •" 

St.  Petersburg |  ™  , 

Cliriftlnnia 

8tO('kbolni 

EdinburK 

Mk^ichester 

Dublin 


69  .W 
69  20 
fifi  .IS 
53  28 
532:1 

Berlin "^m 'ui 

BrusBelo 

Cracow  

Paris 

Vienna 

Oeneva  

Milan 

Rome 

ConBtaatinoplc 

Madrid 

Pekln 

Lisbon 

Smyrna -.. 

Algiers  

Olbrultar 

Nangasaki 

Cairo - 

Canton 

Calcutta 

Macao 

Bombay 

Madras 

Sierra  Leone.. 

Singapore 

BataTia 

Port  Louis .... 

Capetown 

Sydney 


50  52 
5(1 10 
48  50 
4S  15 
J'  1 
4  2U 
4152 
40  58 
40-23 
394s 
38  41 
38  CO 
30  30 
30  08 
33 

30  05 

24  20 

22  33 

2210 

18  611 

13  05 

830 

117 

607 

20  10 

33  60 

iV  42 


At. an. 

temp. 


o  Kali. 
32.2 
laji 
44.1 
3S.2 
41.6 
42.1    I 
46.6 
47.7 
4'J.5    I 
47.6    I 
60.7 
1)0.4    ' 
46.0 
,')1.4 
60.2 
49J 
55.8 
60.4 
56.7 
67.0 
52.8 
B1.5 
64.8 
09.8 
01.2 
01,0 
72.5 
70a 
78.4 
72.5 
78.8 
82.2 
79.3 
80.3 
79a 
76.1 
65.8 
04.8 


Places. 


Lat. 


o    ' 


WKSTKUN  HEM. 

Boothia  KcUx 

Fort  Simpson,  B.  A. 

Naln 

Sitko 

Hebron 

Quebec  ...» 

St.  .lohn 

Halifax 

Boston 

Council  lUuifs 

New  York 

Philadelphia 

Cincinnati 

Vrasfaingtuu 

NashTille 

Little  Rock 

Savannah - 

Natchea 

New  Orleans 

St.  Augustine 

Havana - 

Honolulu 

St.  Domin_o 

Mexico .  ,„„ 

Owyhee 1»» 

VeraCrna ^^02 

'   Antigua 

Moracaibo 

Cumana 

Panama 

tleorgetown  ... 
Paramaribo  ... 

•  laranbam 

Lima 

Rio  Janeiro.  .. 

Buenos  Ayrea I  34  3j 

Montevideo 34  64 

Falkland  Islands 52 


71      N 
02 

57  10 
57 
66 

46  40 
45  20 
44  40 
42  21 
41  22 
40  42 
39  67 
39(16 
38  53 
36  09 
34  40 
32  04 
3134 
29  57 
29  48 
23  09 
2110 
19  43 
19  32 


17 

10  37 

10  27 
8  68 
645 
6  47 
229! 

12 

22  54 


Av.an. 
temp. 


Ttth. 
3.7 
25.7 
26.2 
44.4 
22.6 

to. 

38.3 

43.2 

47.8 

49.8 

63.4 

53.8 

53.8 

60  J3 

59. 

6\» 

on. 

05. 

I-H.9 
71.8 


81.2 

61.11 

7.'.. 

77. 

79.8 

84.2 

81.3 

80.8 

80.8 

70.7 

81. 

73. 

73.8 

61.9 

66.7 

46.9 


The  above  table  is  designed  to  show  the  diffeience  in  the  tempera- 
ture of  various  localities  upon  the  Eastern  and  Western  Hemispheres. 
By  it  may  be  seen  also  the  temperature  of  localities  upon  the  eastern 
and  western  coasts  of  the  two  continents. 

12* 


I 

i 

I 

M 

■ 


w 


138 


Ari'ENOIX. 


HEIGHT  OF  REMARKABLE  LOCALITIES. 

Tlic  clcTfttion  of  several  remarkable  locolitics,  with  gome  of  tlio 
higbcKt  points  reached  by  man,  is  stated  in  the  following  tabic,  in 
feet : 
Mt.  Kunchinglnga,  highest  mountain  on  the  globe,  IIindoo8tan..28,17t) 

Aconcagua,  a  volcano,  Chi'i,  highest  mountain  in  America ;2!),UI0 

Ascent  (if  Gay  Lussac  at  Paris  in  1804,  being  I  lie  greotest  height 

ever  attained  by  a  boUoon 22,000 

Highest  flight  of  the  condor  of  the  Andes 21,000 

Highest  point  reached  by  Humboldt  on  Mt.  Chimboraio .1(1,500 

.Mines  of  I'otosi  10,080 

Highest  habitation  of  •^an  in  the  old  world,  Thibet 13,000 

Highest  in  America,  form  of  Antisana.. 13,485 

("ity  of  Potosi,  Peru ^ 13,814 

Titicaca  Lake,  Bolivia  and  Peru 12,79i' 

City  of  Quito  »-f'40 

Hospice  St.  Bernard,  Alps 7,066 

City  of  Mexico 7,470 

Longwood  House,  residence  of  Bonaporte,  St.  Helena 2,000 

Rook  of  Gibraltar 1,43!) 

Strosburg  Cathedral,  Strasburg 466 

Great  Pyramid,  Egypt 460 

St.  Peter's  Church,  Rome 433 

St.  Paul'*  Church  404 

Trinity  Church,  New  York  283 

Bunker  Hill  Monument 221 

Loaning  Tower,  Pisa ^^^ 

Mosque  of  St.  Sophia,  Constantinople 180 

Washington  Monument,  Baltimore 180 


HEIGHT  OF  WATERFALLS. 

The  height  of  many  of  the  principal  waterfalls  and  rapids  of  the 
various  parts  of  the  earth,  is  given  in  the  following  table,  in  feet: 

Nii^ara,  New  York 1C5 

Girsupjh,  Ghaut  Mts.,  Hindoostan 872 

Staubach,  Switzerland 800 


'%.* 


l^K   '■^^•p 


t 


[ES. 

th  Bomc  of  tlio 
loning  tabic,  in 


nd  rapids  of  tlie 
table,  in  foet : 

1C5 

872 

800 


Al'l'ENMX.  **'* 

Tenucmlama,  near  Dogotn,  South  America -•■••^•^ 

FulU  of  tho  Cauvery,  near  Heringi-pataBB.  Hindoostan,  one  of      ^^^^ 

!}('.(),  anotlier , 

King  George's  Cataract,  Orange  river,  South  Africa «_^^ 

Orey  Mare's  Tail,  Loch  Skene,  Scotland ••    •••"  ^ 

Trenton  Falls,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y..  by  a  succession  of  cascades... .  1- 

Montmorcnci,  Lower  Canada,  near  Quebec • - 

Oenossoe  Falls,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  one  of  'M,  %,  and.. l"'j 

Falls  of  the  Missouri,  one  M,  another  47,  and  a  third o<^ 

Vassaic,  raterson,  N.J ' j. 

St.  Anthony,  Mississippi  river  

DEPTH  OF  THE  OCEAN. 
At  31"  69'  north  latitude,   and  68"  4:V  west  longitude,  near  the 

Bermudas,  no  bottom  was  found  at  a  depth  of leet  34,-W 

At  16°  3'  south  latitude,  and  2n=>  14'  west  longitude,  no       ^_  ^^^ 

bottc-.  was  found  at  a  depth  of ','.'rni\ 

Midway  between  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  and  Uio  Janeiro 4,500 

460  miles  west  of  tho  Cape  of  Good  Hope l"-"-' 

Straits  of  Gibraltar ' 

Mediterranean  Sea,  between  Italy  ond  Greece ».^""^ 

Atlantic  Ocean,  south-west  of  Ireland '•^^- 

do.  north  of  Ireland  ^"" 

Gulf  of  Mexico,  30  miles  east  of  Vera  Cruz 6^ 

Grand  Bank  of  Newfoundload 

Centre  of  the  Straits  of  Dover '' 

Adriatic  Sea,  between  Dalmatia  and  the  river  Po 146 

Behring's  Straits 

Baltic  Sea,  average  depth. 

GREATEST  DEPTH  OF  SEVERAL  LAKES. 

Caspian  Sea,  no  bottom  found  at  a  depth  of fee*  2,800 

Lake  Maggiore,  Sardinia ^'  - 

Lake  of  Conetonce,  Switzerlond -•°' * 

Lake  Huron,  United  States J'°^^ 

Lake  Ontario " *     „ 

Lake  of  Como,  Lombardy  and  Veni-< |>"° 

Dead  Sea,  Polestlne *'^"" 


1 


1 


„>• 


no 


AITKNDIX. 


Lake  Siipurior,  I'nitcil  t'tatet 

Lnko  of  (ii'uovft,  Kwitxerlond 

Lake  of  Iscii,  I.omlmrdy  and  Venice  , 

Lnku  of  (iunlii " 

Luke  Micliigun,  Uuited  Htates 

Loch  Ness,  Scotland 

Loch  Lomond 

Lake  Titicaca,  South  Amorica 

Lake  of  Lucerne,  Switzerland 

Lake  of  Zurich " 

Lake  Weter,  Sweden 

Lake  of  Neufehatcl,  Switzerland 

Lake  Wcncr,  Sweden 

Lake  Erie,  United  States 

Lake  of  Killurney,  Ireland 


Mate  fur  •«U 

jjly  of  i 


THE  END. 


>   I 


-ifeL 


Tha  aboTi 
Mnlol  to  til 
luuml  luiici 


ThU  Hiri 
Iwen  the  I 
United  Sl« 
rieiice  antl 
of  book*  W 
pUshed,  w( 
hy  the  exU 
port  they  I 
revisiua,  ai 
matler. 

The  fit 
troduction 
ever,  they 
r«)uisil«  t 


» 


1,200 

1,000 

...fl84 

...901 

...900 

...810 

...720 

...720 

...600 

...COO 

....440 

....420 

....288 

....270 

....252 


THOMAS,  COWPERTHWAIT  &  CO.. 
BOOKSKLLKKS  AND  I'UBLlSHEllS, 

aS3  MARKET  STREET,  PHILADELPHIA, 

^       great,  uu.l  ll.-y  »r«  l.r..,mr«l,  «t  ..U  tl»..-,  to  -u,,ply  or<i>.-"  "" 
till'  iiio"t  favmiriibli-  t«rin». 
Among  tUclr  v»lu.U«  putltoUou.  .r„  tl.«  f.-Uowlng  Bchool  IkK-k.. 

SWAN'S  SCHOOL  SERIES, 

R  K  V  I  S  E  I)    E  1)  1  r  I  O  N  . 

COMl'RIHINn 

SWAN'S  PIUMARY  HCIIOOI.  KEADEIl,  Part  I. 

SWAN'S  PIUMAKY  HClItK)!-  KEADKlt,  Part  11. 

SWAN'S  PRIMARY  M.'I1(K.I.  RKAnKK,  Part  111. 

SWAN'S  OUAMMAU  SCIIOOI-  READER. 

SWAN'S"  DISTRICT  SCIIOOI.  READER. 

SWAN'S  YOUNO  LADIES'  READER. 

SWAN'S  INSTRUCTIVE  READER. 

SWAN'?  INTRODUCTION  TO  TIIE  INSTUUCTIVE  READER. 

SWAN'S   'PELLEK. 

SWAN'S  PRIMAUY  SPELLER. 

«nMJ  I.,  the  |...hl.c,  enlarged  and  mnch  unproved  w>.h  the  Ml 
luund  luiienor  lu  any  ulher  reading  twok.  now  publiihed. 

DESCRIPTIOM  OF  THE  SERIES. 

Thi.  «ru.,  of  R..d,nK  B.k.1..  «a.  .,n,p.«l  hy  Mr,  ;;^';X"«':.^T:nt':.hl7.ut"" 
,«,„  ,h.  Prmc.,„I„f  .he  M.yh.w  Sc  ool.  ""'""'"fj'^    ^^     Mr  Sw,.n'.  Ion,  ..P- 

„en«  and  jr.al  .urrcM  a»  a  le.cher  of  "'^'"J' •"'7"  '^^  ,„.,  „,,;«.<,  ha.  iKen  accin- 
of  book,  which  .hould  t«u:h  cluUIrm  U,  rtad.  1  "•\"'"' '^  ™3,  ,„,J  „btamed,  a.  well  a. 
„U.h.d,  would  «em  .«  be  proved  by  .he  h,h  "•'"'''X™  iX  of  trgenerou.  .up- 
1„  the  extenaiv.  »l.  they  ha,.  ac,a.r«l.    To  "»;" '^;™  J.'^.'^tt^"  .J^on.  an  entire 

s.'ra^:^rr:irdr;;v.r;r^^^^^^^^^ 

"Tp-bl^hera  have  .  their  po««io„  «  .re.t  n«...r  of  "^'- •^'Vu^^%trhow: 
troducl,  and  recom-neauation.  of  .«.chen.  '7"  ^'^"^^t^^'^-cL  »  al-u. 
ever,  they  de-in  it  unnecewary  to  give.  beU.ving  lh»t  an  eiaininauon  w 
fHluiiite  to  eiwure  their  general  adoption. 


» 


I '' 


,i    I, 


1 J 
t 


Hi 


i:i! 


in 


THOMAS,  roWl'KlirilWAIT  AND  CO.'s  I'niMCATtONH- 


JOHNSTON'S  SCIKNTIFIC  SERIES. 

.fOHNiTOH'S  NATURAL  PHILOBOPHT,  H^Tlw-l  K.mion,  KnUrit-.!  niiil 
hniinin'cl  A  Mniiiial  iif  N«tiiril  l'liiliNHi|ilir,  eiiiiiinliMl  fnini  »«rii)Ui  loun'ei,  »iiil  ilwi«inil 
u  n  rmt-lHKik  III  .Vlimili  ami  Ai'iul>niiM. 

JOHNtTON'S  TURNER'S  OHEMISTRT.  A  Mumicil  "f  Clii'iiilstry,  nn  IIik 
hiuii  "f  lir  Turner'!  HiimiiiiU  (if  I'lwnii.lry,  loiiimiiirn,  in  •  iiiiiili'n««il  furni,  all  tlio  iiii»t 
iniiKirtiiil  f«in  anil  pnnciplM  of  llm  wii-nMi.  INninnMl  fur  •  T««t-l)uok  for  CollegM,  •ml 
iiilmr  SeniinariM  (if  Uariunn     FiHIi  Heifwud  Klitiim 

JOHNiTON'S  TORNTR'S  ELEMENTARY  OBEMIBTRY,  fur  Iho  ut«  nf 
(  iiiiiniiiii  ScliniiU.    I  vol  IHmu. 

■lli«  •iHivB  (Dluabl*  Mrtai  (if  liooki  w»r»  pr«piir«a  bf  John  Johnrton,  A  M.,  rrofHMnrof 
NalumI  *'iiinr»  in  lh«  Wtiltyan  Dnnamly,  MHlillftown,  Cl.  'Ilia  Ch«niulry  la  lh»  alandanl 
lait-txHik  ol  many  of  Ihe  liadinn  Callana  anil  promnirnt  Mailiral  Initiiuliima  of  tlia  niuiitry 
rim  F.lrmi-iiiiiry  (hamutry,  Tery  rccantly  pubiiilKHl,  liu  been  aUopteU  m  many  Ili|h  Scliuola 
iiiiil  Arndttniina,  in  all  parU  of  tlia  country 

Till'  prB«»iit  edition  of  Johnaton'a  Nnlural  Pliiloaophy  will  h»  found  miidh  enlarged  and 
iiiiproviHl  Kiact  in  ita  ilenmiioiM,  (in(inal  in  lU  illiutrntioiui.  full  and  fntniliar  in  eiplanulKiii, 
the  pulilnheri  are  aiaured  it  will  rB(iuire  only  to  lie  eiannned.  to  he  approvi-U.  It  hn»  Ihtii 
r«-niily  adopted  liy  the  Board  of  Education  of  the  State  of  New  llniii|i«hire.  for  the  uieofihe 
■t'liiMila  of  the  Slate;  In  the  lli((>-  School  of  Camhrldiit,  Mala  ;  iiiul  into  many  oiler  Huh 
N.'hooli  and  Academiea  in  vtriuui  lectioiia  of  the  country. 

Thf  followinii  ia  an  extract  from  the  procoadinia  of  the  80I100I  Commiailonen  of  Ihe  Stui* 
of  New  Xampahire . 

At  a  nicetinf  of  Ihe  Cnmmiiaionera  of  Common  Schoola  for  Ihe  State  of  New  llampahira. 
held  in  ("oiioord,  Aunuat,  18SI.  It  waa,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Wliidden,  of  lancsater,  Cmja  county, 

Volid,  To  recommend  "  Johnaton'a  Natural  I'hiloaophy"  to  be  uied  in  the  Comriion  Schoola 
of  Ihe  Stile. 


FRAOTIOAL  PHY8I0L0OT !  or,  Anatomy  and  Physiology  applied  to  Health. 
For  the  I'ae  of  Schoola  and  Familiea     Keviaed  Edition,  with  Seventy  Eiigravinga. 

PRIMARY  PHYSIOLOOY,  with  niimeroun  lUuatratlonii.    Doalgned  for  the  uae 
of  Schoola. 

Theae  hooka  ni^  attended  to  be  eiclwively  practical.  They  deicribe  only  Ihoie  organa,  and 
I  each  only  thomt  pnii»-iplea,  which  an  necoeaary  to  he  known  for  the  correct  managemeiil  01 
our  lyatem,  the  maiuteiuuioe  of  hMlth,  ami  the  preaecvation  of  life. 


CITY  OK  BOSTON, 
In  School  Committee,  March  30,  ia'i2 
Votnd.  'nat  Jarvii'a  Practical  Phyjiology  bo  tubatiluted  for  Catler'i  Firat  Book  of  Aniiloioy 
atd  "iKaejIoci,  now  uaed  In  the  Urammar  Schoola  of  Ibia  city. 

t^lMM  EDWARD  CAPEN,  Seo'y. 


M.WI.Y  ' 


I 

4 


1 


» 


!ATION8. 

lES. 

in,  KiiltrK»l  mill 
DurvM,  ami  dwifftittl 

Cli('i\il»trjr,  nil  tlii> 
(I  fitrni,  ull  ttm  imwl 
uk  for  Cull'in,  MiU 

Ti  fur  tha  um  nf 

I,  A  M.,  I'rurxuor  uf 
lutry  u  lh«  lUndanl 
iliiina  III  Ilia  niuiitry 
I  many  liiihSrliuula 

much  rnlamail  and 
miliar  iii  e>|ilanoliiin, 
pnivi-il.  Il  lio»  Ih'i-ii 
ire,  fur  the  ine  urilir 
111  many  iitl.ar  llifli 

iuiiinera  uf  tha  SUiXe 

I  uf  New  Ilampahira, 
^aater,  Cwm  comity, 
tlie  Cumiiioii  ^Ichuola 


applied  to  Health. 
^ii^ravmga. 

unigned  for  the  uar 


>nly  thnae  ortani,  anil 
)mct  manaiemeiit  ui 


BOSTON, 

w,  March  30,  laia 

irat  Book  of  Anitininy 

ID  CAPEN,  Sao>. 


TBOMAi,  COWmiTllWAlT  -VNt>  CO'^"  laBLlOATiOm. 

SARGENT'S  STANDARD  SPEAKER, 

IMINTAINIMI 

KXtRCOIS  IN  PROSE  AND  POITRY  FOR  OICLAMATION 

III  Mioiilii,  AiaclKinU-i',  l.y.viiiii..  Colli'it". 

A  TREATISE   ON   ORATORY    AND   ELOOOTION. 
NdTKS  KXI'l,A>AT(mY  AND  nUKlRAI'IIICAL. 

,.  I       ,^,.n  .  niiihllMl  Willi  nrral  ci.r.i,  ami  loiit.ill.  u  niiijimly  "f  new  ,wn<i.     »  K 

^Hs::r.:r:=r:ri=:-— r,. - 

i«r,  clear,  wniibli',  nnil  uvnilulilii  in  eviiiy  \>an.  ^^^ 

sel¥ctk)ns"in  poktry, 

FOR  EXKRCISKS  AT  SC'IKKlL  AND  AT  HOMK. 
EDITED  BY  EPE8  SARGENT. 

WITH  IIXII8THATION8  IIY  ttU.USm  AND  OTIIKU!". 

MANESCA'S  FRENCH  GRAMMAR, 

OR  TUB  8KU1.M,  AND  01. AL  MKTIIOD  i>V  TKACHINO  LANGUAOES,  ADAPTED 
""  TO  TUK  KKKNCIl. 

BY  L.  MANESOA. 

thTTfiench  reader 

Prep.re<l  for  the  uae  of  Wuil.nU  who  have  gone  through  th«  Cour«,  of  I^aaona  OOB- 

talneU  la  the  Jlothod ;  to  which  la  aUileil, 

A  TABLE  OF  THE  FRENCH  VERBS 

I  1  II    I,.,  iiiiali'iireKtlv  tholruciiulslllon. 

Arranged  and  claixlfled  on  a  new  plan.  •  ''•      ■  ■•^  i"  H"  ">'»"  «""""'  ' 

BY   i     ^i^SESCA. 

MEADO\iilSSl^TTENGLrsir  UICTIONARY. 

IN  "TWO  PAKT3. 
1    Spank*  «.a  Kwtlish-Il.  EnglUh  and  SpunWi. 

wih  iti  gender,     i  ne  i^^vniu  mn,  „n  „,,r«..iiil  bv  their  ciirrenuiindeii! 

viirlii...  meaning,  of  »)«Bl,.h  verbn  .n  "'''  »'7''™' ""'"'f '  "''  :'„"^,a'"  ;,,f  ,„i,„l  <  l„i.s- 
spa„i.h  in  a  ..»pl.  «.»**"«.  ■•"•«     *'  '''l*""'?' •;"' "  MEADOWS  M.  A.,  of  .he  l-|iivar- 
„„n  and  Pro,*,  N-m.  N—  of  Cuntrie.,  ^c.    »"      .'l;^  "^/';'^„  J,  i^.  ,„„  ,„inui  nid 
.iiy  of  Paris,  author  of  <im  new  Fre.ioti  Pronouncing  Dictiomiry  ,  al.o. 
KngliBh  Uictiiunory.   Irammara,  .ic. 


I 


H 


«  1 


w 


THOMAS,  COWPERTnWAIT  AND  00. 's  PUBLICATIONS. 


"THE  BEST  ENGLISH  GRAMMAR  IN  EXISTENCE." 


GREENE'S    ANALYSIS. 

BY  SAMUEL  S.  GREENE,  A.  M., 

Superintondont  of  Public  Schools,  ProTidencc,  and  Profesaor  of  tho  Normal  Depart- 
ment of  Brown  University. 

Mr.  Greene's  woric  has  been  published  but  a  short  time;  but,  from  tho  numerous  testimo- 
nials received  m  its  favor  from  the  ablest  educators  nf  tlie  country,  as  well  as  its  rapid  intro- 
duction into  the  pnncipal  schools  ihrouetiout  the  Union,  the  puWisliers  are  satisfied  it  needs 
only  to  be  known  to  be  generally  adopted.  It  is  beUeved  it  will  bo  found  to  be  what  a  distin- 
guished teacher  of  Massachusetts  calls  it, 

"TlIE  BEST  KNOLISII  GRAMMAR  IN  EXISTENCE." 


GREENE'S  FIRST  LESSONS  IN  GRAMMAR, 

BASED  UPON  THE  CONSTRUCTION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  SENTENCES. 

DESIGNED  AS  AN  INTUODUCTION  TO 

THE    ANALYSIS   OF    SENTENCES. 


RECOMMENDATIONS. 

The  New  Englander,  of  August,  IS50,  recommends  them  in  the  following  decided  manner : 
"  We  recommend  these  boolis  to  all  teachers  and  students  as  containing  tlie  elements  of  Iho 
only  philosophical  system  of  Grammar,  and  their  application  to  the  English  language.'' 


Copy  of  a  Letter  from  Mr.  Blbkidoe  Smith,  Principal  of  the  Cambridge  High  School, 
Cambridge,  Mass. 
Dear  Sir -I  have  examined  with  great  pleasure  the  Grammar  which  yon  did  me  the  honor 
10  send  me.  I  have  no  hesitation  in  saying  that  I  consider  it  the  bat  Engtuh  Grammar  m  etul- 
i«ce  Tills,  I  am  aware,  some  will  regard  as  extravagant  praise.  I  am  not,  however,  alone  in 
my  opinion.  Indeed,  I  know  of  no  one,  who  has  given  attention  to  the  subject,  who  is  not  o( 
the  same  opinion. 


From  LORL-*  Andrews,  State  Agent  of  tho  Ohio  State  Teachers'  Association,  and  late 
Superintendent  of  the  Massillou  Union  School,  Maasillon,  0. 
With  great  cheerfulness  I  give  my  hearty  and  nnqnalified  approbation  of  Mr.  Greene's  Eng- 
lish Grammars.  During  the  past  year  we  have  used  them  exclusively  in  the  Hassillon  Union 
School,  and,  aaer  the  fairest  and  most  thorough  of  all  tests-the  searching  ordeal  of  a  year  s 
trial  in  the  recitation  room-they  have  more  thi>n  equalled  our  expectations.  1  shall,  on  a 
proper  occasions,  recommend  them  to  teachers  and  school  officers  as  the  Grammar,  for  all 

grades  of  our  schools.  ,„ 

"  LORIN  ANDREWS. 


ft 


,ho  Normal  Depart- 


10  numerous  testimo- 
vell  as  il»  mpid  intro- 
nre  satisfied  it  needs 
d  to  be  what  b  diitin- 


NCE." 

lAMMAR, 

F  SKNTENCES. 
ES. 


sing  derided  manner : 
g  tlie  elements  uf  the 
Slisli  language.'' 


nbridge  High  School, 

;i  you  did  me  the  honor 

tgtish  Grammar  m  exx^t- 

not,  however,  alone  in 

e  subject,  who  is  not  of 


Association,  and  lato 
Billon,  0. 

in  of  Mr.  Greene's  Eng- 
in  the  Massillon  Union 
ihing  ordeal  of  a  year's 
itations.  I  shall,  on  all 
18  the  Gramniara  for  all 

,ORIN  ANDREWS. 


--;*ire'f*nitsa*a.-*w.'v-  ■• 


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r' 


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